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NNR
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
Calcium Para-Aminosalicylate Powder: Bulk; for manufacturing or compounding use. Fine Chemicals Division, American Cyanamid Company, Princeton,
N.J.
N.N.R. MONOGRAPH ABSTRACTS [For detailed monographs on the following items see THIS JOURNAL, Scientific Edition, 43, II, III, VII (October, 1954).] CARBOMYCIN.- Magnamycin (Pfizer ).- Carpomycin is an antibiotic isolated from the elaboration products of Streptomyces halstedii, when grown by deep culture in suitable media. Carbomycin possesses strong inhibitory action against certain gram-positive bacteria. At present it is indicated only in the treatment of infections caused by staphylococci, pneumococci, and hemolytic streptococci. The free base is only slightly soluble in water but it is readily absorbed following oral administration. The present total daily dosage is 2 Gm. divided into four equal doses given every six hours; in urinary tract infections and in some soft tissue infections, 1 Gm. daily may be adequate. For children, 50- 100 mg. per Kg. of body weight daily in four doses as above. Magnamycin Tablets: 0.1- and 0.25-Gm. Pfizer Laboratories, Division of Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc., Brooklyn.
CALCIUM p-AMINOSALICYLATE.- Calcium paminosalicylate shares the actions and uses of paminosalicylic acid and sodium p-aminosalicylate. See New and Nonofficial Remedies under the monograph on p-aminosalicylic acid. Calcium p-aminosalicylate has no established advantage over the sodium salt, except that it can be administered to patients on a sodium restricted diet. Calcium p-aminosalicylate should be administered orally, and the dosage should not be less than that usually recommended for the acid or for the sodium salt: 12 to 15 Gm. daily, divided into not less than three equal doses of 4 to 5 Gm. each, given every eight hours, before or preferably between meals. Theoretically, the dose of the hydrated calcium salt should be about 25% larger than the usual dose of the acid to provide an equivalent amount of the drug, whereas the hydrated sodium salt would require only a 15% larger dose than the acid. However, a total daily dose of 15 Gm. of the sodium paminosalicylate yields about 1.5 Gm. of sodium that makes the sodium salt unsuitable for p-aminosalicylic acid therapy in patients who are required to restrict sodium intake.
598
LEVORPHANOL TARTRATE.- Levo-Dromoran Tartrate (Hoffmann-LaRoche).- l-3-Hydroxy-Nmethylmorphinan tartrate dihydrate.- Levorphanol tartrate, a potent synthetic analgesic related chemically and pharmacologically to morphine, produces a similar intensity of analgesia in much smaller doses and seems to be somewhat longer-acting. Available experimental evidence indicates that the toxicity of levorphanol roughly parallels its analgesic activity. With corresponding analgesic doses, its margin of safety is approximately equal to that of morphine. The contraindications are the same as for morphine. Because the drug exhibits an addiction liability similar to that of morphine, the same precautions should be observed as for other addicting' analgesics. Levorphanol tartrate is administered either orally or subcutaneously. The recommended average adult dose is 2 to 3 mg. Dosage may be subject to adjustment, in accordance with the age and weight of the patient, the severity of pain, and the development of tolerance. As with other addicting analgesics, initial dosage should be as low as possible in the management of intractable pain to delay the development of tolerance. • Levo-Dromoran Tartrate Solution: 1-cc. ampuls and 10-cc. vials. A I solution containing 2 mg. of levorphanol tartrate dihydrate in each cc. Ampul solutions are preserved with 0.18% methylparaben and 0.02% propylparaben; vial solutio~s are preserved with 0.5% phenol. Levo-Dromoran Tartrate Tablets: 2-mg. Each tablet contains 2 mg. of U. S. patent levorphanol tartrate dihydrate. 2,524,855 . U. S. trademark 540,115. HoffmannLaRoche, Inc., Nutley, N. J.
SALICYLAMIDE.- Salicylamide, the amide of salicylic acid, shares the actions and uses of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Its analgesic potency is no greater and may be somewhat less than that of asplrm. Its antipyretic and anti-inflammatory or antiarthritic properties are not superior to those of aspirin. The over-all incidence of gastric intolerance to salicylamide is about the same as, or a little less than, that to aspirin; however, patients allergic to aspirin have been reported not to be sensitive to salicylamide. I t can be used safely in place of salicylates whenever such medication is indicated. Salicylamide is administered orally, preferably after meals and with fluids to minimize gastric irritation. The dosage should not be less than that for aspirin. As a simple analgesic or antipyretic, single doses of 0.3 to 1 Gm. three times daily may be adequate; as an antirheumatic agent, doses of 2 to 4 Gm. three times daily (or 1 to 2 Gm. every four hours) may be prescribed, according to gastric tolerance, over periods of three to six days. For children, correspondingly smaller doses should be employed. Hexett Tablets Salicylamide: 54-mg. Salicylamide Tablets: 0.3-Gm. The Bowman Bros. Drug Company, Canton, Ohio. Salicylamide Powder: Bulk; for manufacturing
Vol. XV, No.10
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
use. Chemo Puro Manufacturing Corporation, Long Island City, N. Y.
TRICHLOROETHYLENE - U.S.P. -
Trichloroethylene is a volatile liquid that produces prompt analgesia and anesthesia when, inhaled. Its action resembles that of chloroform but is more rapid and less potent. It is suitable for inhalation as an analgesic agent only. Anesthetic concentrations do not produce complete muscular relaxation and are associated with tachypnea and bradycardia, sometimes accompanies by extrasystoles. These are signs of overdosage. Until further experience is gained, trichloroethylene is not recommended for use in patients with severe cardiac failure, active cardiac disease, or toxemia of pregnancy. It should never be employed for induction anesthesia. Administration of epinephrine should be avoided whenever trichloroethylene is used. Trichloroethylene is administered by inhalation by means of an inhaler device controlled by the patient or a mask or closed-circuit anesthetic machine controlled by an anesthetist. Premedication can be carried out according to the preference of the physician. During labor or for minor surgical procedures, 10 to 12 self-administered inhalations from a suitable device are taken by the patient at the onset of pain. When this agent is dropped on a mask or placed in a machine, a minimal concentration should be maintained at all times to
600
avoid even the first plane of anesthesia. Trichloroethylene is nonexplosive; it is not flammable when mixed with air, but may become so when mixed with oxygen. Trilene: 6-cc. ampuls and 30-cc. bottles. Stabilized with 0.01 % thymol. Ayerst Laboratories, Inc., New York.
NEW GENERIC AND BRAND NAMES RECOGNIZED BY THE A.M.A. COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY The listing of a brand name is not to be construed as indicating Council acceptance of the product itself. Products accepted for inclusion in N.N.R. are announced separately. HVDRABAMINE PENCILLIN G for N,N'-bis-(dehydroabietyl)ethylenediamine dipenicillin G with lesser amounts of dihydroabietyl and tetrahydroabietyl derivatives: Compocillin (Abbott Laboratories) HVPHVLLINE for dihydroxypropyltheophylline: Neothylline (Paul Maney Laboratories, Inc.) IOPHENOXIC ACID for a-(2,4,6-triiodo-3-hydroxybenzyl)butyric acid: Teridax (Schering. Corporation) ISOFLUROPHATE for diisopropyl fiuorophosphate: Floropryl (Sharp ~ Dohme, Division of Merck & Co., Inc.)
Vol. XV, No. 10
Calcium Para-Aminosalicylate Powder: Bulk; for manufacturing or compounding use. Fine Chemicals Division, American Cyanamid Company, Princeton,
N.J.
N.N.R. MONOGRAPH ABSTRACTS [For detailed monographs on the following items see THIS JOURNAL, Scientific Edition, 43, II, III, VII (October, 1954).] CARBOMYCIN.- Magnamycin (Pfizer ).- Carpomycin is an antibiotic isolated from the elaboration products of Streptomyces halstedii, when grown by deep culture in suitable media. Carbomycin possesses strong inhibitory action against certain gram-positive bacteria. At present it is indicated only in the treatment of infections caused by staphylococci, pneumococci, and hemolytic streptococci. The free base is only slightly soluble in water but it is readily absorbed following oral administration. The present total daily dosage is 2 Gm. divided into four equal doses given every six hours; in urinary tract infections and in some soft tissue infections, 1 Gm. daily may be adequate. For children, 50- 100 mg. per Kg. of body weight daily in four doses as above. Magnamycin Tablets: 0.1- and 0.25-Gm. Pfizer Laboratories, Division of Chas. Pfizer & Co., Inc., Brooklyn.
CALCIUM p-AMINOSALICYLATE.- Calcium paminosalicylate shares the actions and uses of paminosalicylic acid and sodium p-aminosalicylate. See New and Nonofficial Remedies under the monograph on p-aminosalicylic acid. Calcium p-aminosalicylate has no established advantage over the sodium salt, except that it can be administered to patients on a sodium restricted diet. Calcium p-aminosalicylate should be administered orally, and the dosage should not be less than that usually recommended for the acid or for the sodium salt: 12 to 15 Gm. daily, divided into not less than three equal doses of 4 to 5 Gm. each, given every eight hours, before or preferably between meals. Theoretically, the dose of the hydrated calcium salt should be about 25% larger than the usual dose of the acid to provide an equivalent amount of the drug, whereas the hydrated sodium salt would require only a 15% larger dose than the acid. However, a total daily dose of 15 Gm. of the sodium paminosalicylate yields about 1.5 Gm. of sodium that makes the sodium salt unsuitable for p-aminosalicylic acid therapy in patients who are required to restrict sodium intake.
598
LEVORPHANOL TARTRATE.- Levo-Dromoran Tartrate (Hoffmann-LaRoche).- l-3-Hydroxy-Nmethylmorphinan tartrate dihydrate.- Levorphanol tartrate, a potent synthetic analgesic related chemically and pharmacologically to morphine, produces a similar intensity of analgesia in much smaller doses and seems to be somewhat longer-acting. Available experimental evidence indicates that the toxicity of levorphanol roughly parallels its analgesic activity. With corresponding analgesic doses, its margin of safety is approximately equal to that of morphine. The contraindications are the same as for morphine. Because the drug exhibits an addiction liability similar to that of morphine, the same precautions should be observed as for other addicting' analgesics. Levorphanol tartrate is administered either orally or subcutaneously. The recommended average adult dose is 2 to 3 mg. Dosage may be subject to adjustment, in accordance with the age and weight of the patient, the severity of pain, and the development of tolerance. As with other addicting analgesics, initial dosage should be as low as possible in the management of intractable pain to delay the development of tolerance. • Levo-Dromoran Tartrate Solution: 1-cc. ampuls and 10-cc. vials. A I solution containing 2 mg. of levorphanol tartrate dihydrate in each cc. Ampul solutions are preserved with 0.18% methylparaben and 0.02% propylparaben; vial solutio~s are preserved with 0.5% phenol. Levo-Dromoran Tartrate Tablets: 2-mg. Each tablet contains 2 mg. of U. S. patent levorphanol tartrate dihydrate. 2,524,855 . U. S. trademark 540,115. HoffmannLaRoche, Inc., Nutley, N. J.
SALICYLAMIDE.- Salicylamide, the amide of salicylic acid, shares the actions and uses of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Its analgesic potency is no greater and may be somewhat less than that of asplrm. Its antipyretic and anti-inflammatory or antiarthritic properties are not superior to those of aspirin. The over-all incidence of gastric intolerance to salicylamide is about the same as, or a little less than, that to aspirin; however, patients allergic to aspirin have been reported not to be sensitive to salicylamide. I t can be used safely in place of salicylates whenever such medication is indicated. Salicylamide is administered orally, preferably after meals and with fluids to minimize gastric irritation. The dosage should not be less than that for aspirin. As a simple analgesic or antipyretic, single doses of 0.3 to 1 Gm. three times daily may be adequate; as an antirheumatic agent, doses of 2 to 4 Gm. three times daily (or 1 to 2 Gm. every four hours) may be prescribed, according to gastric tolerance, over periods of three to six days. For children, correspondingly smaller doses should be employed. Hexett Tablets Salicylamide: 54-mg. Salicylamide Tablets: 0.3-Gm. The Bowman Bros. Drug Company, Canton, Ohio. Salicylamide Powder: Bulk; for manufacturing
Vol. XV, No.10
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
use. Chemo Puro Manufacturing Corporation, Long Island City, N. Y.
TRICHLOROETHYLENE - U.S.P. -
Trichloroethylene is a volatile liquid that produces prompt analgesia and anesthesia when, inhaled. Its action resembles that of chloroform but is more rapid and less potent. It is suitable for inhalation as an analgesic agent only. Anesthetic concentrations do not produce complete muscular relaxation and are associated with tachypnea and bradycardia, sometimes accompanies by extrasystoles. These are signs of overdosage. Until further experience is gained, trichloroethylene is not recommended for use in patients with severe cardiac failure, active cardiac disease, or toxemia of pregnancy. It should never be employed for induction anesthesia. Administration of epinephrine should be avoided whenever trichloroethylene is used. Trichloroethylene is administered by inhalation by means of an inhaler device controlled by the patient or a mask or closed-circuit anesthetic machine controlled by an anesthetist. Premedication can be carried out according to the preference of the physician. During labor or for minor surgical procedures, 10 to 12 self-administered inhalations from a suitable device are taken by the patient at the onset of pain. When this agent is dropped on a mask or placed in a machine, a minimal concentration should be maintained at all times to
600
avoid even the first plane of anesthesia. Trichloroethylene is nonexplosive; it is not flammable when mixed with air, but may become so when mixed with oxygen. Trilene: 6-cc. ampuls and 30-cc. bottles. Stabilized with 0.01 % thymol. Ayerst Laboratories, Inc., New York.
NEW GENERIC AND BRAND NAMES RECOGNIZED BY THE A.M.A. COUNCIL ON PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY The listing of a brand name is not to be construed as indicating Council acceptance of the product itself. Products accepted for inclusion in N.N.R. are announced separately. HVDRABAMINE PENCILLIN G for N,N'-bis-(dehydroabietyl)ethylenediamine dipenicillin G with lesser amounts of dihydroabietyl and tetrahydroabietyl derivatives: Compocillin (Abbott Laboratories) HVPHVLLINE for dihydroxypropyltheophylline: Neothylline (Paul Maney Laboratories, Inc.) IOPHENOXIC ACID for a-(2,4,6-triiodo-3-hydroxybenzyl)butyric acid: Teridax (Schering. Corporation) ISOFLUROPHATE for diisopropyl fiuorophosphate: Floropryl (Sharp ~ Dohme, Division of Merck & Co., Inc.)
Vol. XV, No. 10