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Nonlinear viscoplastic constitutive equation for soil (in german)
128A
path method as a series of six steps that help identify and interrelate the fundamentals underlyimg a geotechnical situation involving force, deformation, stability, or fluld-flow. The paper gives desirable features and limitations of the method amd illustrates the method by evaluatiug the likelihood of a shallcw slide in the downstream face of ~ dam.
796030 BEHAVIOR OF DESTRUCTURED NATURAL CLAYS Leroueil, S; Taveuas, F; Brucy, F J Geotehh E~gng Div ASCE, VI05, ~Y~6, June 1979, P759-778 To gain und~standing of the relation between the structure and the behavlour of netural clays, samples of three undisturbed clays have been tested in both the intact and the destructured states. The destructuring resulted in all cases in a modification of the shape of the limit state surface of the clay, in a reduction of its strength in the overconsolidated state, and in strong reductions of shear and bulk moduli.
796031 OIL SHALE PROFERTIES BY SPLIT CYLIND~ MEVfHOD Chomg, K P; Ward, J; Chang, B J Geot~ch E~gng Div ASCE, VI05, N~I~, May
1979, 1~95-611 A method is devised where Poisson's ratio, Youth's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength alomg the bedding planes can be obtained from a split cylinder test. Stress and vertical and horizontal strain meast~eme~s on 40 oil shale samples from the Tipton Member of Wyoming's Green River Formation were used to calcttlate mechanical properties. The properties show stromg linear relationships to the volume of organic matter in the oll shale but little relatiorLqh~p to t h e major matrix mineral, dolomite. Relationships developed are sufficiently precise to provide useful estimates of oil shale's mechanical l~operties from the organic volume. 796032 STATICS OF SPT Schmertmann, J H J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, VI05, NGTS, May 1979, P655-670 The theory presented permits an engineer to estimate the static er~ bearing and side friction resistance stress components to the penetration of the SPT sampler from only SI~ data. This theory follows from the proportionality between SFT ani quasi-static DUtch cone test (CPT) resistance components, demonstrated by parallel quasi-static SPT sampling ani CPT. This paper also demonstrates the importance of both Vertical and horizontal effective stress on N-values, and that N depends inversely on the energy per blow delivered to the sampler by the drill rig hasher-anvil-rod-sampler system.
796033 GEOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ROCK SALT OF VARIOUS DEPOSITS OF THE GERMAN D~2~0CRATIC ~ I C . PART 2 : DEFORMATION BEHAVTOUR (IN GERMAN) Mer~el, W; Schrelner, W Neue Bergbautech, VT, NS, Aug 1977, P565-571 Results obtained by the Mine safety Institute on the deformation behaviour of rock salt from various types of Zechstein deposits of the GDR are described. The possibility of describing
t h e dafcrmation behaviour of rock salt by t h e deformation-consolidation t h e o r y is shc~n, and is examined by practical laboratory mmasuremen~s and in sltu. Auth.
796034 DEFORMATION BEHAVIOURS OF ROCKS UNDER UNIAXIAL TENSION AND CC~PRESSION TESTS (IN JAPANESE) Hiramatsu, Y; Lee, H; Oka, Y J Min Metall Inst Japan, V93 , NI078, Dec 1977, P15-!9 Reports tests on sandstone, granite and marble, including studies of acoustic emission and post failure behaviour. 796035 ELASTO-PLASTIC STRESS-STRAIN THEORY FOR COHESIONLESS SOIL WITH ~]EVED !rr~D SURFACES Lade, P V Int J Solids Struct, V13, Nil, 1977, PI019-
i035 This theory is applicable to general threedimensional stress corditions, but the parameters required to characterize the soll behavlour can be derived entirely fro: results of isotroplc coml~ession and conventional drained trlaxlal compression tests. The theory is shown to predict soil behaviour under various loading conditions (either drained or nr~alned) with good accuracy. Work-hardenirg as well as work-softenlng is incorporated in the theory. 796036 INCREMENTAL BOUNDARY VALUE P R O S
IN THE
PRESENCE OF C0UPLI~ OF ELASTIC AND PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS: A ROCK MECHANICS 0RIEIfI~D THEORY Hueckel, T; Maier, G Int J Solids Struct, VI3, N1, 1977, Pl-15 In same elastoplastic systems (eg rock-like media) t h e elastic properties are affected by plastic yielding. This 'COUplimg' phenomenon is considered in the context of the incremental theory of plasticity with non associated flow laws. Results are cast into algebraic formulations for finite element models. 796037 NONLINEAR MIXTURE THEORY REPRESENTATION OF SATURATED SAND Becker, R; McIvcr, I K Int J Emgng Sci, V16, NI2, 1978, P931-~2 Nonlinear constitutive equations far saturated sands are proposed. They exhibit 'the interaction of dilatation ani shear stress observed in sand in its s ~ l ] strain range. The equations are based on a continuum theory derived from a N e ~ o n i a n approach to a mixture of a nonlinear solid and compressible fluid. The determination of the constitutive parameters from common soil mechanics experiments is discussed and illustrated by qualitatively valid m;m~rical results. Auth. 796038 M E A S U R ~ N T S OF INTERNAL STRAINS BY NINE-GAUGE DEVICES Babut s R; Brandt, A M Strain, V13, N1, Jan 1977, P18-21 An assembly of nine vlbrating-wire strain gauges designed for the measurement of internal strain is described and tests on concrete specimens are reported. It is claimed that the method can be adapted for testing rocks and soils.
path method as a series of six steps that help identify and interrelate the fundamentals underlyimg a geotechnical situation involving force, deformation, stability, or fluld-flow. The paper gives desirable features and limitations of the method amd illustrates the method by evaluatiug the likelihood of a shallcw slide in the downstream face of ~ dam.
796030 BEHAVIOR OF DESTRUCTURED NATURAL CLAYS Leroueil, S; Taveuas, F; Brucy, F J Geotehh E~gng Div ASCE, VI05, ~Y~6, June 1979, P759-778 To gain und~standing of the relation between the structure and the behavlour of netural clays, samples of three undisturbed clays have been tested in both the intact and the destructured states. The destructuring resulted in all cases in a modification of the shape of the limit state surface of the clay, in a reduction of its strength in the overconsolidated state, and in strong reductions of shear and bulk moduli.
796031 OIL SHALE PROFERTIES BY SPLIT CYLIND~ MEVfHOD Chomg, K P; Ward, J; Chang, B J Geot~ch E~gng Div ASCE, VI05, N~I~, May
1979, 1~95-611 A method is devised where Poisson's ratio, Youth's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength alomg the bedding planes can be obtained from a split cylinder test. Stress and vertical and horizontal strain meast~eme~s on 40 oil shale samples from the Tipton Member of Wyoming's Green River Formation were used to calcttlate mechanical properties. The properties show stromg linear relationships to the volume of organic matter in the oll shale but little relatiorLqh~p to t h e major matrix mineral, dolomite. Relationships developed are sufficiently precise to provide useful estimates of oil shale's mechanical l~operties from the organic volume. 796032 STATICS OF SPT Schmertmann, J H J Geotech Engng Div ASCE, VI05, NGTS, May 1979, P655-670 The theory presented permits an engineer to estimate the static er~ bearing and side friction resistance stress components to the penetration of the SPT sampler from only SI~ data. This theory follows from the proportionality between SFT ani quasi-static DUtch cone test (CPT) resistance components, demonstrated by parallel quasi-static SPT sampling ani CPT. This paper also demonstrates the importance of both Vertical and horizontal effective stress on N-values, and that N depends inversely on the energy per blow delivered to the sampler by the drill rig hasher-anvil-rod-sampler system.
796033 GEOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ROCK SALT OF VARIOUS DEPOSITS OF THE GERMAN D~2~0CRATIC ~ I C . PART 2 : DEFORMATION BEHAVTOUR (IN GERMAN) Mer~el, W; Schrelner, W Neue Bergbautech, VT, NS, Aug 1977, P565-571 Results obtained by the Mine safety Institute on the deformation behaviour of rock salt from various types of Zechstein deposits of the GDR are described. The possibility of describing
t h e dafcrmation behaviour of rock salt by t h e deformation-consolidation t h e o r y is shc~n, and is examined by practical laboratory mmasuremen~s and in sltu. Auth.
796034 DEFORMATION BEHAVIOURS OF ROCKS UNDER UNIAXIAL TENSION AND CC~PRESSION TESTS (IN JAPANESE) Hiramatsu, Y; Lee, H; Oka, Y J Min Metall Inst Japan, V93 , NI078, Dec 1977, P15-!9 Reports tests on sandstone, granite and marble, including studies of acoustic emission and post failure behaviour. 796035 ELASTO-PLASTIC STRESS-STRAIN THEORY FOR COHESIONLESS SOIL WITH ~]EVED !rr~D SURFACES Lade, P V Int J Solids Struct, V13, Nil, 1977, PI019-
i035 This theory is applicable to general threedimensional stress corditions, but the parameters required to characterize the soll behavlour can be derived entirely fro: results of isotroplc coml~ession and conventional drained trlaxlal compression tests. The theory is shown to predict soil behaviour under various loading conditions (either drained or nr~alned) with good accuracy. Work-hardenirg as well as work-softenlng is incorporated in the theory. 796036 INCREMENTAL BOUNDARY VALUE P R O S
IN THE
PRESENCE OF C0UPLI~ OF ELASTIC AND PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS: A ROCK MECHANICS 0RIEIfI~D THEORY Hueckel, T; Maier, G Int J Solids Struct, VI3, N1, 1977, Pl-15 In same elastoplastic systems (eg rock-like media) t h e elastic properties are affected by plastic yielding. This 'COUplimg' phenomenon is considered in the context of the incremental theory of plasticity with non associated flow laws. Results are cast into algebraic formulations for finite element models. 796037 NONLINEAR MIXTURE THEORY REPRESENTATION OF SATURATED SAND Becker, R; McIvcr, I K Int J Emgng Sci, V16, NI2, 1978, P931-~2 Nonlinear constitutive equations far saturated sands are proposed. They exhibit 'the interaction of dilatation ani shear stress observed in sand in its s ~ l ] strain range. The equations are based on a continuum theory derived from a N e ~ o n i a n approach to a mixture of a nonlinear solid and compressible fluid. The determination of the constitutive parameters from common soil mechanics experiments is discussed and illustrated by qualitatively valid m;m~rical results. Auth. 796038 M E A S U R ~ N T S OF INTERNAL STRAINS BY NINE-GAUGE DEVICES Babut s R; Brandt, A M Strain, V13, N1, Jan 1977, P18-21 An assembly of nine vlbrating-wire strain gauges designed for the measurement of internal strain is described and tests on concrete specimens are reported. It is claimed that the method can be adapted for testing rocks and soils.