- Email: [email protected]
Northwestern Coast of Alaska
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d a t e of a p p e a r a n c e . T h e r e v i e w e r c a n s a y a l s o t h a t he learned very much from going t h r o u g h m a j o r p a r t s of t h e w o r k , a n d t h a t he i s s u r e t h e s a m e will b e t r u e for m a n y o t h e r s who c a n find t h e a v a i l a b l e t i m e to do s o . H o w e v e r . he is u n a b l e to c o m m e n t in this case about a misspelled geographical name, a literature reference not included in t h e b i b l i o g r a p h y , a s m a l l s i t e t h a t r e c e i v e d too little a t t e n t i o n , o r a n y c r i t i c i s m of t h a t s o r t ; p r o v i d i n g , of c o u r s e , t h a t it would be p o s s i b l e to find r e a s o n s f o r s u c h r e m a r k s in t h i s w o r k w h i c h i m pressed the reviewer as being a report about a very thorough a n d c a r e f u l p i e c e of r e search. T h e A l a s k a P e n i n s u l a is s i t u a t e d in t h e s o u t h w e s t of Alaska and separates the B e r i n g Sea Shelf on t h e n o r t h f r o m the S h u m a g i n - K o d i a c Shelf on t h e s o u t h . T h e l a t t e r s h e l f in t u r n b o r d e r s t h e Aleutian Trench. The trench a n d s h e l f e d g e both c o n v e r g e westward towards the Aleutinn I s l a n d s , w h e r e the s h e l f becomes very narrow and the t r e n c h d e e p e n s to a p p r o x . 4,000 f a t h o m s . T h e A l a s k a Peninsula forms a continuation of t h e i s l a n d a r c w h i c h occurs at the north- northwest s i d e of the A l e u t i a n T r e n c h , a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e the p e n i n s u l a r e p r e s e n t s the c o n t i n e n t a l m a r g i n of s o u t h e r n A l a s k a . T h i s m a k e s the a r e a of g r e a t g e o l i g i c a l i n t e r e s t , for it is one of t h e few s u c h features that extends continuously from continental-type c r u s t onto o c e a n i c - t y p e c r u s t . T h e r e s p o n s e of both t y p e s of c r u s t to a l a r g e , s i n g l e s t r u c tural element can provide new i n f o r m a t i o n on t h e n a t u r e of the u p p e r l a y e r s of the e a r t h , a s well a s i m p r o v e u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e g e o l o g i c a l h i s tory and fundamental history of i s l a n d a r c s a n d t h e f o r c e s of s t r u c t u r a l d e f o r m a t i o n . B u r k d e m o n s t r a t e s t h a t the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian I s l a n d s d i s p l a y m a n y of t h e f e a t u r e s w h i c h a r e h e l d to be c h a r a c t e r i s t i c f o r both i s l a n d
arcs and continental margins. C o n s e q u e n t l y , the f u n d a m e n t a l s t u d y w h i c h he c a r r i e d out, a n d w h i c h e x p l a i n s in d e t a i l t h e h i s t o r i c a l g e o l o g y of t h e a r e a , is of m u c h m o r e t h a n r e g i o n a l i m p o r t a n c e . It is h o p e d t h a t it will be followed up by s e v e r a l m o r e d e t a i l e d investigations. T h e m a i n c o n t e n t of t h e v o l u m e c o m p r i s e s 157 p a g e s . It is followed by s e v e r a l a p pendices describing statigraphic sections, fossil localities and fossil collections. A separate box contains a geol o g i c a l m a p of m o s t of the A l a s k a P e n i n s u l a (in 2 s h e e t s , s c a l e 1 : 250,000) a n d a t e c t o n i c a l m a p of t h e p e n i n s u l a and adjacent areas (scale 1 : 1,000,000). Both a r e in c o l o u r a n d well p r o d u c e d . T h e l a t t e r c a n a l s o be s a i d w i t h out r e s e r v a t i o n for t h e o t h e r p a r t s of t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n . T h a n k s to g r a n t s w h i c h c o v e r ed p a r t s of t h e p r o d u c t i o n c o s t s of t h i s w o r k , the p r i c e is m o s t r e a s o n a b l e . Finally, a short critical note (I c a n ' t h e l p it): t h e a u t h o r i s , in s o m e p l a c e s , r a t h e r i n c o n s i s t e n t in s t a t i g r a p h i c a l a n d geochronological terminology (e.g., w o r d s like E a r l y , L a t e , Lower and Upper preceding n a m e s of e p o c h s or s e r i e s a r e s p e l l e d , in s o m e p a r t s , a t r a n d o m , i . e . , with c a p i t a l a n d l o wer case initial letters). A.A.M.
Northwestern Coast of Alaska N.J. W i l i m o v s k y ( E d i t o r ) a n d J.N. Wolfe (Associate Editor), 1966. Environment of the Cape
ThomPson Regzon, Alaska. United States Atomic Energy C o m m i s s i o n , Oak R i d g e , T e n n e s e e , 1,250 pp., U.S.$9.25. N e a r t h e o t h e r end of t h e A l a s k a n w e s t c o a s t , n o r t h of the Arctic Circle, are the Cape Thompson area and the a d j a c e n t C h u k c h i Sea. T h i s Cape Thompson area, between 65045 ' a n d 6 9 ° 0 0 ' N a n d b o u n d e d on t h e e a s t by l o n g i t u d e 162°00'W, was selected early
in 1958 by t h e U.S. A t o m i c Energy Commission as the site for an experimental harbour excavation. This project, p a r t of a p r o g r a m m e to i n v e s tigate and develop peaceful u s e s for n u c l e a r e x p l o s i v e s , w a s c a l l e d P r o j e c t C h a r i ot. B e c a u s e the p r o j e c t s i t e w a s in an e n v i r o n m e n t for w h i c h t h e r e w a s no p r i o r n u c l e a r t e s t e x p e r i e n c e a n d little s c i e n t i f i c k n o w l e d g e of t h e environment, various environmental investigations were c a r r i e d out (in a d d i t i o n to the usual public-safety programm e ) to a l l o w for a d e q u a t e a s s e s s m e n t of t h e e f f e c t s . T h e heavy volume before us cont a i n s a c o l l e c t i o n of 42 p a p e r s by m e m b e r s of t h e s c i e n t i f i c c o m m u n i t y who c a r r i e d out their various programmes more or less simultaneously during the period 1958-1962. Following a brief editorial s y n o p s i s of p r e v i o u s s c i e n t i f i c e x p l o r a t i o n s , t h e book f a l l s into e i g h t p a r t s . Of t h e s e , the f i r s t (the l a n d - p h y s i c a l ) , t h e t h i r d (the c o a s t - p h y s i c a l ) a n d t h e fifth (the C h u k c h i S e a - p h y s i c a l ) a r e of p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r e s t to g e o - s c i e n t i s t s . T h e p h y s i c a l d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e l a n d a r e a h a s led to t h e l a r g e s t n u m b e r of p a p e r s of t h e v a r i o u s p a r t s of t h e book. In the f i r s t two p a p e r s P.W. A l l e n a n d R.O. W e e d f a l l d e a l with t h e w e a t h e r a n d c l i m a t e , a n d R. K a c h a d o o r i a n d e s c r i b e s the geographical setting. N e x t , R.H. C a m p b e l l d i s c u s s e s the g e o l o g y of t h e a b o u t 350 s q u a r e m i l e s l a r g e a r e a on t h e s o u t h w e s t s i d e of t h e Lisburne Peninsula, where the e x p o s e d b e d r o c k r a n g e s in a g e f r o m E a r l y M i s s i s s i p p l a n to C r e t a c e o u s a n d c r o p s out in parallel northeast-north trending b a n d s of s t r a t a t h a t a r e generally successively young e r f r o m w e s t to e a s t . T h e rocks are exclusively sedimentary and probably all mar i n e . In t h e w e s t e r n p a r t , there are north-trending imbricate thrust faults; the eastern part has been intensely folded a n d b r o k e n by h i g h - a n g l e f a u l t s . Both s t r u c t u r e s a r e interpreted as having devel-
oped a s a r e s u l t of g r a v i t y s l i d i n g d i r e c t e d down a r e g i o n al dip to the e a s t in Late C r e t a c e o u s or E a r l y T e r t i a r y times. The e n g i n e e r i n g geology of the C h a r i o t s i t e is t r e a t e d by R. K a c h a d o o r i a n , and G.R. L a n g e and T.K. Sn ith r e p o r t about d r i l l i n g , cor ~g, and f r o z e n - c o r e a n a l y s i s . R.W. W a l l e r s h o w s that the g r o u n d water in the a r e a o c c u r s in two d i s t i n c t e n v i r o n m e n t s : shallow aquifers associated with s t r e a m floodplains and deep a q u i f e r s a s s o c i a t e d with m a j o r f a u l t s s y s t e m s in l i m e s t o n e and dolomitic r o c k s . E. H. L i k e s p r e s e n t s a p a p e r a bout s u r f a c e - w a t e r d i s c h a r g e . W.L. L a m e r studied the c h e m i c a l c h a r a c t e r and s e d i m e n tation of the w a t e r s with e m p h a s i s on the f i r s t p a r t of the subject. In a v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g c o n t r i bution, A.H. L a c h e n b r u c h , G. W. G r e e n e and B.V. M a r s h a l l deal with p e r m a f r o s t and the geothermal regimes. Analyses which they m a d e of t e m p e r a t u r e s to a depth of 1,200 ft. b e n e a t h Ogotoruk Valley r e v e a l e d that the p r e s e n t e a r t h t e m p e r a t u r e s at depth a r e s t r o n g l y influenced by an e x tinct c l i m a t e and by an a n c i e n t s h o r e l i n e position. If the p r e s e n t c l i m a t e , p e r s i s t s , the inland p e r m a f r o s t t h i c k n e s s e= v e n t u a l l y will be r e d u c e d f r o m about 1,170 to about 850 ft. S e i s m i c , g r a v i t y , and m a g netic m e a s u r e m e n t s w e r e c a r r i e d out by D.F. B a r n e s , and slope m o v e m e n t and r e l a t e d p h e n o m e n a w e r e s t u d i e d by K.R. E v e r e t t . The m o r p h o l o g y and p h y s i c a l and c h e m i c a l p r o p e r t i e s of the s o i l s of the Ogotoruk C r e e k w a t e r s h e d a r e d e s c r i b e d and d i s c u s s e d by N. Holowaychuk et al. The t h i r d p a r t of the book on the p h y s i c a l a s p e c t s of the coastal environment compris e s only one p a p e r , by G.W. M o o r e , on A r c t i c b e a c h s e d i m e n t a t i o n . He p r e s e n t s , a m o n g O t h e r s , a f o r m u l a to show the a p p r o x i m a t e r e l a t i o n between the r a t e of a l o n g s h o r e t r a n s p o r t , the wave h e i g h t , and the s u r f angle.
A m e r i c a ( T e c h n i c a l P a p e r no. In the p a r t on the p h y s i c a l 18), M o n t r e a l , Quebec, 100 e n v i r o n m e n t of the Chukchi pp., 22 fig., 25 p l a t e s , one Sea,three papers are present= c o l o u r e d m a p , U.S. $3.00. ed. P h y s i c a l o c e a n o g r a p h i c s t u d i e s of the s o u t h e a s t e r n The Anaktuvuk P a s s w a s cop a r t of the s e a w e r e m a d e by R.H. F l e m i n g and D. H e g g a r t y , v e r e d by an ice c o v e r of at and the m a r i n e geology of that l e a s t 2,000 ft. d u r i n g the s o called "Itkillik" Glaciation. p a r t was i n v e s t i g a t e d by J.S. R a d i o c a r b o n d a t i n g s indicate C r e a g e r and D.A. M c M a n u s . that t h i s glaciation can be c o r They d i s c o v e r e d a p r e v i o u s l y unknown s u b m a r i n e valley and. r e l a t e d with the Late W i s c o n s i n Glaciation of c e n t r a l North e s t a b l i s h e d that the bottom s e d i m e n t s in the s o u t h e a s t e r n A m e r i c a . No evidence was found of a Chukchi Sea a r e f r o m two p r e - Itkillik Glaciation at Anaks o u r c e s , viz. the cliffs n e a r tuvuk P a s s . Cape T h o m p s o n and the a r e a Two m a j o r r e a d v a n c e s ocsouth of the B e r i n g Strait. Mac u r e d d u r i n g the initial period t e r i a l f r o m the l a t t e r s o u r c e of g l a c i a l r e c e s s i o n . E s t a b is b r o u g h t into the Chukchi Sea by the s t r o n g c u r r e n t s e t - l i s h m e n t of a t u n d r a v e g e t a tion probably kept p a c e with t i n g n o r t h w a r d t h r o u g h the B e r i n g Strait. F i n a l l y , the ma= d e g l a c i a t i o n (as a p p e a r s f r o m the little e v i d e n c e of f e a t u r e s r i n e geology of the Ogotoruk due to deflation) although C r e e k a r e a was s t u d i e d by D. winds a r e s t r o n g and p e r s i s W. Scholl and C.L. S a i n s b u r y . tent in the p a s s . In the eighth and l a s t p a r t Palynological and geological of the book, that on r a d i o a c tivity, one finds, a m o n g o t h e r s , e v i d e n c e i n d i c a t e s a s e r i e s of c l i m a t i c c h a n g e s s i n c e the a p a p e r by J.H. B a k e r , W.A. m a x i m u m a d v a n c e of the ItB e e t e m and J.S. W a h l b e r g on killik Glaciation. adsorption equilibria between T h i s is a well p r o d u c e d m o e a r t h m a t e r i a l s and r a d i o n u n o g r a p h on an a d v a n c e d r e clides. s e a r c h level, of i n t e r e s t p r i It is v e r y u s e f u l to have so m a r i l y to g e o l o g i s t s who a r e m a n y c o n t r i b u t i o n s on t h i s thoroughly i n t e r e s t e d in the n o r t h w e s t e r n a r e a of A l a s k a t o g e t h e r u n d e r one c o v e r . The geology of Alaska. v o l u m e a p p e a r s to be well edited, although s o m e i n c o n s i s t - H.F. e n c i e s w e r e s e e n , and is well p r i n t e d on good-quality paper; Handbook of Glaciology the r e p r o d u c t i o n of s e v e r a l halftone i l l u s t r a t i o n s , h o w e v e r , L. Lliboutry, 1965. Traitd de could h a v e been b e t t e r . A deGlaciologie. M a s s o n , P a r i s , tailed s u b j e c t index is added and a pocket c o n t a i n s s i x loose vol. 1 (Glace, neige, Hydrologie nivale), 428 pp., 180 m a p s showing g e o g r a p h i c a l fig., 36 p l a t e s , 140 F; vol. 2 n a m e s , the a r e a l geology, eng i n e e r i n g geological d a t a , s o i l s , ( G l a c i e r s , v a r i a t i o n s du clim a t . s o l s gel6s), 616 pp., 224 v e g e t a t i o n and r a d i o a c t i v i t y fig.~ 40 p l a t e s , 190 F. data, r e s p e c t i v e l y . A.A.M.
Pleistocene Geology of Anaktuvuk Pass, Alaska S.C. P o r t e r , 1966. Pleistocene Geology of Anaktuvuk Pass, Central Brooks Range, Alaskd. A r c t i c Institute of North
The p r i n c i p a l value of this book is that it s u m m a r i z e s a wealth of r e s u l t s and t h e o r i e s which o t h e r w i s e could only be found in widely s c a t t e r e d publications. The book is a t t r a c t i v e l y put t o g e t h e r . The n u m e r o u s phot o g r a p h s and d r a w i n g s a r e of the h i g h e s t quality, a t t r a c t i v e and i n s t r u c t i v e . It d o e s not suffer from a rather usual
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d a t e of a p p e a r a n c e . T h e r e v i e w e r c a n s a y a l s o t h a t he learned very much from going t h r o u g h m a j o r p a r t s of t h e w o r k , a n d t h a t he i s s u r e t h e s a m e will b e t r u e for m a n y o t h e r s who c a n find t h e a v a i l a b l e t i m e to do s o . H o w e v e r . he is u n a b l e to c o m m e n t in this case about a misspelled geographical name, a literature reference not included in t h e b i b l i o g r a p h y , a s m a l l s i t e t h a t r e c e i v e d too little a t t e n t i o n , o r a n y c r i t i c i s m of t h a t s o r t ; p r o v i d i n g , of c o u r s e , t h a t it would be p o s s i b l e to find r e a s o n s f o r s u c h r e m a r k s in t h i s w o r k w h i c h i m pressed the reviewer as being a report about a very thorough a n d c a r e f u l p i e c e of r e search. T h e A l a s k a P e n i n s u l a is s i t u a t e d in t h e s o u t h w e s t of Alaska and separates the B e r i n g Sea Shelf on t h e n o r t h f r o m the S h u m a g i n - K o d i a c Shelf on t h e s o u t h . T h e l a t t e r s h e l f in t u r n b o r d e r s t h e Aleutian Trench. The trench a n d s h e l f e d g e both c o n v e r g e westward towards the Aleutinn I s l a n d s , w h e r e the s h e l f becomes very narrow and the t r e n c h d e e p e n s to a p p r o x . 4,000 f a t h o m s . T h e A l a s k a Peninsula forms a continuation of t h e i s l a n d a r c w h i c h occurs at the north- northwest s i d e of the A l e u t i a n T r e n c h , a n d a t t h e s a m e t i m e the p e n i n s u l a r e p r e s e n t s the c o n t i n e n t a l m a r g i n of s o u t h e r n A l a s k a . T h i s m a k e s the a r e a of g r e a t g e o l i g i c a l i n t e r e s t , for it is one of t h e few s u c h features that extends continuously from continental-type c r u s t onto o c e a n i c - t y p e c r u s t . T h e r e s p o n s e of both t y p e s of c r u s t to a l a r g e , s i n g l e s t r u c tural element can provide new i n f o r m a t i o n on t h e n a t u r e of the u p p e r l a y e r s of the e a r t h , a s well a s i m p r o v e u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e g e o l o g i c a l h i s tory and fundamental history of i s l a n d a r c s a n d t h e f o r c e s of s t r u c t u r a l d e f o r m a t i o n . B u r k d e m o n s t r a t e s t h a t the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian I s l a n d s d i s p l a y m a n y of t h e f e a t u r e s w h i c h a r e h e l d to be c h a r a c t e r i s t i c f o r both i s l a n d
arcs and continental margins. C o n s e q u e n t l y , the f u n d a m e n t a l s t u d y w h i c h he c a r r i e d out, a n d w h i c h e x p l a i n s in d e t a i l t h e h i s t o r i c a l g e o l o g y of t h e a r e a , is of m u c h m o r e t h a n r e g i o n a l i m p o r t a n c e . It is h o p e d t h a t it will be followed up by s e v e r a l m o r e d e t a i l e d investigations. T h e m a i n c o n t e n t of t h e v o l u m e c o m p r i s e s 157 p a g e s . It is followed by s e v e r a l a p pendices describing statigraphic sections, fossil localities and fossil collections. A separate box contains a geol o g i c a l m a p of m o s t of the A l a s k a P e n i n s u l a (in 2 s h e e t s , s c a l e 1 : 250,000) a n d a t e c t o n i c a l m a p of t h e p e n i n s u l a and adjacent areas (scale 1 : 1,000,000). Both a r e in c o l o u r a n d well p r o d u c e d . T h e l a t t e r c a n a l s o be s a i d w i t h out r e s e r v a t i o n for t h e o t h e r p a r t s of t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n . T h a n k s to g r a n t s w h i c h c o v e r ed p a r t s of t h e p r o d u c t i o n c o s t s of t h i s w o r k , the p r i c e is m o s t r e a s o n a b l e . Finally, a short critical note (I c a n ' t h e l p it): t h e a u t h o r i s , in s o m e p l a c e s , r a t h e r i n c o n s i s t e n t in s t a t i g r a p h i c a l a n d geochronological terminology (e.g., w o r d s like E a r l y , L a t e , Lower and Upper preceding n a m e s of e p o c h s or s e r i e s a r e s p e l l e d , in s o m e p a r t s , a t r a n d o m , i . e . , with c a p i t a l a n d l o wer case initial letters). A.A.M.
Northwestern Coast of Alaska N.J. W i l i m o v s k y ( E d i t o r ) a n d J.N. Wolfe (Associate Editor), 1966. Environment of the Cape
ThomPson Regzon, Alaska. United States Atomic Energy C o m m i s s i o n , Oak R i d g e , T e n n e s e e , 1,250 pp., U.S.$9.25. N e a r t h e o t h e r end of t h e A l a s k a n w e s t c o a s t , n o r t h of the Arctic Circle, are the Cape Thompson area and the a d j a c e n t C h u k c h i Sea. T h i s Cape Thompson area, between 65045 ' a n d 6 9 ° 0 0 ' N a n d b o u n d e d on t h e e a s t by l o n g i t u d e 162°00'W, was selected early
in 1958 by t h e U.S. A t o m i c Energy Commission as the site for an experimental harbour excavation. This project, p a r t of a p r o g r a m m e to i n v e s tigate and develop peaceful u s e s for n u c l e a r e x p l o s i v e s , w a s c a l l e d P r o j e c t C h a r i ot. B e c a u s e the p r o j e c t s i t e w a s in an e n v i r o n m e n t for w h i c h t h e r e w a s no p r i o r n u c l e a r t e s t e x p e r i e n c e a n d little s c i e n t i f i c k n o w l e d g e of t h e environment, various environmental investigations were c a r r i e d out (in a d d i t i o n to the usual public-safety programm e ) to a l l o w for a d e q u a t e a s s e s s m e n t of t h e e f f e c t s . T h e heavy volume before us cont a i n s a c o l l e c t i o n of 42 p a p e r s by m e m b e r s of t h e s c i e n t i f i c c o m m u n i t y who c a r r i e d out their various programmes more or less simultaneously during the period 1958-1962. Following a brief editorial s y n o p s i s of p r e v i o u s s c i e n t i f i c e x p l o r a t i o n s , t h e book f a l l s into e i g h t p a r t s . Of t h e s e , the f i r s t (the l a n d - p h y s i c a l ) , t h e t h i r d (the c o a s t - p h y s i c a l ) a n d t h e fifth (the C h u k c h i S e a - p h y s i c a l ) a r e of p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r e s t to g e o - s c i e n t i s t s . T h e p h y s i c a l d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e l a n d a r e a h a s led to t h e l a r g e s t n u m b e r of p a p e r s of t h e v a r i o u s p a r t s of t h e book. In the f i r s t two p a p e r s P.W. A l l e n a n d R.O. W e e d f a l l d e a l with t h e w e a t h e r a n d c l i m a t e , a n d R. K a c h a d o o r i a n d e s c r i b e s the geographical setting. N e x t , R.H. C a m p b e l l d i s c u s s e s the g e o l o g y of t h e a b o u t 350 s q u a r e m i l e s l a r g e a r e a on t h e s o u t h w e s t s i d e of t h e Lisburne Peninsula, where the e x p o s e d b e d r o c k r a n g e s in a g e f r o m E a r l y M i s s i s s i p p l a n to C r e t a c e o u s a n d c r o p s out in parallel northeast-north trending b a n d s of s t r a t a t h a t a r e generally successively young e r f r o m w e s t to e a s t . T h e rocks are exclusively sedimentary and probably all mar i n e . In t h e w e s t e r n p a r t , there are north-trending imbricate thrust faults; the eastern part has been intensely folded a n d b r o k e n by h i g h - a n g l e f a u l t s . Both s t r u c t u r e s a r e interpreted as having devel-
oped a s a r e s u l t of g r a v i t y s l i d i n g d i r e c t e d down a r e g i o n al dip to the e a s t in Late C r e t a c e o u s or E a r l y T e r t i a r y times. The e n g i n e e r i n g geology of the C h a r i o t s i t e is t r e a t e d by R. K a c h a d o o r i a n , and G.R. L a n g e and T.K. Sn ith r e p o r t about d r i l l i n g , cor ~g, and f r o z e n - c o r e a n a l y s i s . R.W. W a l l e r s h o w s that the g r o u n d water in the a r e a o c c u r s in two d i s t i n c t e n v i r o n m e n t s : shallow aquifers associated with s t r e a m floodplains and deep a q u i f e r s a s s o c i a t e d with m a j o r f a u l t s s y s t e m s in l i m e s t o n e and dolomitic r o c k s . E. H. L i k e s p r e s e n t s a p a p e r a bout s u r f a c e - w a t e r d i s c h a r g e . W.L. L a m e r studied the c h e m i c a l c h a r a c t e r and s e d i m e n tation of the w a t e r s with e m p h a s i s on the f i r s t p a r t of the subject. In a v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g c o n t r i bution, A.H. L a c h e n b r u c h , G. W. G r e e n e and B.V. M a r s h a l l deal with p e r m a f r o s t and the geothermal regimes. Analyses which they m a d e of t e m p e r a t u r e s to a depth of 1,200 ft. b e n e a t h Ogotoruk Valley r e v e a l e d that the p r e s e n t e a r t h t e m p e r a t u r e s at depth a r e s t r o n g l y influenced by an e x tinct c l i m a t e and by an a n c i e n t s h o r e l i n e position. If the p r e s e n t c l i m a t e , p e r s i s t s , the inland p e r m a f r o s t t h i c k n e s s e= v e n t u a l l y will be r e d u c e d f r o m about 1,170 to about 850 ft. S e i s m i c , g r a v i t y , and m a g netic m e a s u r e m e n t s w e r e c a r r i e d out by D.F. B a r n e s , and slope m o v e m e n t and r e l a t e d p h e n o m e n a w e r e s t u d i e d by K.R. E v e r e t t . The m o r p h o l o g y and p h y s i c a l and c h e m i c a l p r o p e r t i e s of the s o i l s of the Ogotoruk C r e e k w a t e r s h e d a r e d e s c r i b e d and d i s c u s s e d by N. Holowaychuk et al. The t h i r d p a r t of the book on the p h y s i c a l a s p e c t s of the coastal environment compris e s only one p a p e r , by G.W. M o o r e , on A r c t i c b e a c h s e d i m e n t a t i o n . He p r e s e n t s , a m o n g O t h e r s , a f o r m u l a to show the a p p r o x i m a t e r e l a t i o n between the r a t e of a l o n g s h o r e t r a n s p o r t , the wave h e i g h t , and the s u r f angle.
A m e r i c a ( T e c h n i c a l P a p e r no. In the p a r t on the p h y s i c a l 18), M o n t r e a l , Quebec, 100 e n v i r o n m e n t of the Chukchi pp., 22 fig., 25 p l a t e s , one Sea,three papers are present= c o l o u r e d m a p , U.S. $3.00. ed. P h y s i c a l o c e a n o g r a p h i c s t u d i e s of the s o u t h e a s t e r n The Anaktuvuk P a s s w a s cop a r t of the s e a w e r e m a d e by R.H. F l e m i n g and D. H e g g a r t y , v e r e d by an ice c o v e r of at and the m a r i n e geology of that l e a s t 2,000 ft. d u r i n g the s o called "Itkillik" Glaciation. p a r t was i n v e s t i g a t e d by J.S. R a d i o c a r b o n d a t i n g s indicate C r e a g e r and D.A. M c M a n u s . that t h i s glaciation can be c o r They d i s c o v e r e d a p r e v i o u s l y unknown s u b m a r i n e valley and. r e l a t e d with the Late W i s c o n s i n Glaciation of c e n t r a l North e s t a b l i s h e d that the bottom s e d i m e n t s in the s o u t h e a s t e r n A m e r i c a . No evidence was found of a Chukchi Sea a r e f r o m two p r e - Itkillik Glaciation at Anaks o u r c e s , viz. the cliffs n e a r tuvuk P a s s . Cape T h o m p s o n and the a r e a Two m a j o r r e a d v a n c e s ocsouth of the B e r i n g Strait. Mac u r e d d u r i n g the initial period t e r i a l f r o m the l a t t e r s o u r c e of g l a c i a l r e c e s s i o n . E s t a b is b r o u g h t into the Chukchi Sea by the s t r o n g c u r r e n t s e t - l i s h m e n t of a t u n d r a v e g e t a tion probably kept p a c e with t i n g n o r t h w a r d t h r o u g h the B e r i n g Strait. F i n a l l y , the ma= d e g l a c i a t i o n (as a p p e a r s f r o m the little e v i d e n c e of f e a t u r e s r i n e geology of the Ogotoruk due to deflation) although C r e e k a r e a was s t u d i e d by D. winds a r e s t r o n g and p e r s i s W. Scholl and C.L. S a i n s b u r y . tent in the p a s s . In the eighth and l a s t p a r t Palynological and geological of the book, that on r a d i o a c tivity, one finds, a m o n g o t h e r s , e v i d e n c e i n d i c a t e s a s e r i e s of c l i m a t i c c h a n g e s s i n c e the a p a p e r by J.H. B a k e r , W.A. m a x i m u m a d v a n c e of the ItB e e t e m and J.S. W a h l b e r g on killik Glaciation. adsorption equilibria between T h i s is a well p r o d u c e d m o e a r t h m a t e r i a l s and r a d i o n u n o g r a p h on an a d v a n c e d r e clides. s e a r c h level, of i n t e r e s t p r i It is v e r y u s e f u l to have so m a r i l y to g e o l o g i s t s who a r e m a n y c o n t r i b u t i o n s on t h i s thoroughly i n t e r e s t e d in the n o r t h w e s t e r n a r e a of A l a s k a t o g e t h e r u n d e r one c o v e r . The geology of Alaska. v o l u m e a p p e a r s to be well edited, although s o m e i n c o n s i s t - H.F. e n c i e s w e r e s e e n , and is well p r i n t e d on good-quality paper; Handbook of Glaciology the r e p r o d u c t i o n of s e v e r a l halftone i l l u s t r a t i o n s , h o w e v e r , L. Lliboutry, 1965. Traitd de could h a v e been b e t t e r . A deGlaciologie. M a s s o n , P a r i s , tailed s u b j e c t index is added and a pocket c o n t a i n s s i x loose vol. 1 (Glace, neige, Hydrologie nivale), 428 pp., 180 m a p s showing g e o g r a p h i c a l fig., 36 p l a t e s , 140 F; vol. 2 n a m e s , the a r e a l geology, eng i n e e r i n g geological d a t a , s o i l s , ( G l a c i e r s , v a r i a t i o n s du clim a t . s o l s gel6s), 616 pp., 224 v e g e t a t i o n and r a d i o a c t i v i t y fig.~ 40 p l a t e s , 190 F. data, r e s p e c t i v e l y . A.A.M.
Pleistocene Geology of Anaktuvuk Pass, Alaska S.C. P o r t e r , 1966. Pleistocene Geology of Anaktuvuk Pass, Central Brooks Range, Alaskd. A r c t i c Institute of North
The p r i n c i p a l value of this book is that it s u m m a r i z e s a wealth of r e s u l t s and t h e o r i e s which o t h e r w i s e could only be found in widely s c a t t e r e d publications. The book is a t t r a c t i v e l y put t o g e t h e r . The n u m e r o u s phot o g r a p h s and d r a w i n g s a r e of the h i g h e s t quality, a t t r a c t i v e and i n s t r u c t i v e . It d o e s not suffer from a rather usual
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