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Notes on the systematics and distribution of some Tribolium species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
J.
stored Prod. Res., 1967, Vol. 3, pp. 269-272.
Perganlon
Press Ltd.
Printed
in Great Britain.
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Notes on the Systematics
and Distribution
of some
Tribolium Species (Coleop tera: Tenebrionidae) (Received 17 April, 1967)
IN THIS communication some notes species and new locality records for last revision of Tribolium (HWTON, the first of Z-. &.rsa Hinton in stored
Tribolium
anaphe Hinton,
are given on the systematics of seven Tribolium four species. Three species described since the 1948) are included. The new records contain products.
1948: 34
New locality records: 3 ex., Sudan, Nimule Equatoria, 9. vi. 1962 (P. Joliuet) (Ardoin COB. Arcachon, France); 3 ex., Cameroun, Tibati district, Hungarian Natural History Museum Coll. This species was described from Senegal, Nigeria, Congo, Uganda, and Rhodesia. HOWE (1952) records it occurring rarely in stores in Nigeria (Yola and Kano). In Britain, inspectors of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Infestation Control Laboratory) first found this species on dunnage in a ship carrying cocoa beans from Ghana (WILLIAMSand BRETT, 1952) ; since then they have found it on commodities from Nigeria, Togoland, Dahomey, Angola and the Ivory Coast (Dr. J. A. Freeman, personal communication). T. anaphe was recorded from Kenya by LE PELLEY (1959). Although it may occur there, all specimens of ‘7-. anaphe’ from Kenya which the author has seen were ‘% destructor Uytt. The poor development of the longitudinal rugosity on the head of these specimens suggests that a mistake could easily have been made. Tribolium
apiculum Neboiss,
1962 : 253
This Australian species has the general facies of T. mynnecophilum Lea but it is most closely related to T. castaneum Herbst, from which it can be distinguished by the large irregular depressions on either side of the pronotum (NEBOISS, 1962). Tribofium T.
beccarii Gridelli,
1950: 177
beccarii
paratype
was described from Eritrea and Air. I have examined the male which is in the Trieste Natural History Museum. Its aedeagus appears 269
SHORTCOMMUNICATION
270
identical with that of 1. downesi Hinton (Figs. 4 - 5) as do all other characters except those of the pronotum and body colour. The pronotum of this paratype is slightly more parallel-sided and its puncturation slightly less dense (the microreticulation consequently being more evident) than in the types of T. downesi. The paratype of T. beccarii is dark red-brown, head and pronotum slightly paler than the elytra, whereas the types of 1. downesi are almost black. The holotype of T. beccurii, which is in Genoa, was not available. Although the present author considers that 1. beccarii is probably no more than a form of T. downesi, more material is required before the status of Gridelli’s species can be established. Tribolium
downesi Hinton,
1948 : 40
New locality record: 1 female, Sudan, Sunni, Djebel Marra, Darfur, 25. v. 1962 (P. Jolivet) (A r d oin Coll. Arcachon, France). This species was described from Mali, Timbuktu. The aedeagus of T. downesi is illustrated in Figs. 4 - 5. Tribolium giganteum Hinton,
The author
has compared
1948 : 37 the description
and types of this species with those of
Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien, and has found that they are identical. No other species of Tenebrioloma have been described, and the author considers that Hinton’s placing of this species in Ttibolium is correct. The following synonymy is therefore proposed : Tribolium Macleay, 1825. Tribolium Macleay, 1825, Annulosa javanica, 47 Type species Colydium castaneum Herbst by subsequent designation, Lucas, 1855, Annls Sot. ent. FT. 3, 259. Tenebrioloma Gebien, 1910, Kilimandjaro-Menu J?%/I. 7 ( 19)) 386 syn. 11. Type species Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien by monotypy. Tribolium semicostata (Gebien) comb. P. Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien, 1910, lot. cit. Ttibolium giganteum Hinton, 1948, Bull. ent. Res., 39, 37 syn. n. The types of Tribolium giganteum came from Kenya and those of Tenebrioloma semicostuta from Eritrea, Kenya, Senegal and S%o Tome Island.
Tribolium
quadricollis (Fairmaire) HALSTEAD (1967 p. 67) gives this species, described Palorus, as a senior synonym of T. dolon Hinton. Tribolium
semele Hinton,
New
Villiers)
in the genus
1948: 41
locality record : 3 (Ardoin Coll. locality as T. downesi; Mali, the only species of Tribolium are very much coarser and distinctive facies (Fig. 1) and (A.
by Fairmaire
males, Mauritania, Bafrechie, 15-ix, IO-ix 1953 Arcachon, France). First described from the same Timbuktu, this species T. downesi and T. beccarii are in which the punctures on the sides of the pronotum denser than those on the disk. T. semele has a very the strongly sinuate hind margin of the pronotum and
SHORTComumxnos
271
lmm
FIG. 1. Tribolium
semele Hinton, head, pronotum and base of elytra.
the form of the aedeagus (see Figs. 1 - 5) (characters not previously illustrated described) readily distinguish this species from T. downesi and T. beccarii. Tribolium
thllsa Hinton,
or
1948: 44
New locality record: 1 female 2 males, Botswana (previously Bechuanaland), Lentswe le Tan, in a grain bin, 21 October, 1964 (E. Morley) P.I.L. Coll. This species, described from S. Africa, has eyes much closer together, in ventral view, than any other known species of Tribolium. Tribolium
uezumii Nakane,
1963: 28
T. uezumii Nakane, described from a unique female collected on Honolu Island, Japan, is similar to T. carinatum Hinton (NAKANE, 1963). The main character given for separating this species from 1. carinatum is that the narrowest part of the eye is as wide as two facets. This character, however, is given by HINTON (1948) to distinguish the subspecies T. carinatum dubium Hinton. A critical examination of the relevant type material is obviously required. Tribolium
waterhousei Hinton,
The author has discovered the British Museum (Natural
1948: 50 another male specimen of this Australian species in History) with exactly the same data as the holotype.
SHOKT COMS~UNICATION
272
&GS. 2-5. 2-3 Tribolium semeie Hinton, aedeagus (2) dorsal view (3) side view; 4-5 Tribolium downesi Hinton, aedeagus (4) dorsal view (5) side view. Acknowledgements-For loan of material I wish to thank the following: Mom. P. ARDOIN, 20 Rue du Casino 20, Arcachon, Gironde, France; Dr. G. COLAS, Museum National D’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Miss C. M. F. VON HAYEK, British Museum (Natural History), London; Dr. Z. KASZAB, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest; Dr. H. KULZER, Museum G. Frey, Tutzing; Dr. R. MEZZENA, Museo Civic0 di Storia Naturale, Trieste.
D. G. H. HALSTEAD Pest Infestation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Council, London Road, Slough, Bucks., England.
REFERENCES GRIDELLI, E. (1950) Contribution a l’etude de 1’Air. Coltopteres, Tenebrionidae. Mem. Znst. JT. Afr. noire, 10,153-180. HALSTEAD,D. G. H. (1967) A revision of the genus Palorus (sens. lat.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.), 19,59-148. HINTON,H. E. (1948) A synopsis of the genus Tribolium Macleay, with some remarks on the evolution of its species-groups (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Bull. ent. Res. 39, 13-56. HOWE, R. W. (1952) Entomological problems of food storage in Northern Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 43,111-144. LE PJSLLEY, R. H. (Compiler) (1959) Agricultural Insects of East AJiica. East African High Commission, Nairobi. NAKANE, T. (1963) New or little-known Coleoptera from Japan and its adjacent regions XVIXXII. Fragm. Coleopterol., 7, 28. NEBOISS, A. (1962) Notes on distribution and descriptions of new species. Mem. natn. Mus. l&t. 25, 243-250. WILLIAMS, G. C. and BRETT, G. A. (1952) First record of Tribolium anaphe Hinton (Col. Tenebrionidae) in Great Britain. Entomologist’s mon. Mug. 88, 19.
stored Prod. Res., 1967, Vol. 3, pp. 269-272.
Perganlon
Press Ltd.
Printed
in Great Britain.
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Notes on the Systematics
and Distribution
of some
Tribolium Species (Coleop tera: Tenebrionidae) (Received 17 April, 1967)
IN THIS communication some notes species and new locality records for last revision of Tribolium (HWTON, the first of Z-. &.rsa Hinton in stored
Tribolium
anaphe Hinton,
are given on the systematics of seven Tribolium four species. Three species described since the 1948) are included. The new records contain products.
1948: 34
New locality records: 3 ex., Sudan, Nimule Equatoria, 9. vi. 1962 (P. Joliuet) (Ardoin COB. Arcachon, France); 3 ex., Cameroun, Tibati district, Hungarian Natural History Museum Coll. This species was described from Senegal, Nigeria, Congo, Uganda, and Rhodesia. HOWE (1952) records it occurring rarely in stores in Nigeria (Yola and Kano). In Britain, inspectors of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Infestation Control Laboratory) first found this species on dunnage in a ship carrying cocoa beans from Ghana (WILLIAMSand BRETT, 1952) ; since then they have found it on commodities from Nigeria, Togoland, Dahomey, Angola and the Ivory Coast (Dr. J. A. Freeman, personal communication). T. anaphe was recorded from Kenya by LE PELLEY (1959). Although it may occur there, all specimens of ‘7-. anaphe’ from Kenya which the author has seen were ‘% destructor Uytt. The poor development of the longitudinal rugosity on the head of these specimens suggests that a mistake could easily have been made. Tribolium
apiculum Neboiss,
1962 : 253
This Australian species has the general facies of T. mynnecophilum Lea but it is most closely related to T. castaneum Herbst, from which it can be distinguished by the large irregular depressions on either side of the pronotum (NEBOISS, 1962). Tribofium T.
beccarii Gridelli,
1950: 177
beccarii
paratype
was described from Eritrea and Air. I have examined the male which is in the Trieste Natural History Museum. Its aedeagus appears 269
SHORTCOMMUNICATION
270
identical with that of 1. downesi Hinton (Figs. 4 - 5) as do all other characters except those of the pronotum and body colour. The pronotum of this paratype is slightly more parallel-sided and its puncturation slightly less dense (the microreticulation consequently being more evident) than in the types of T. downesi. The paratype of T. beccarii is dark red-brown, head and pronotum slightly paler than the elytra, whereas the types of 1. downesi are almost black. The holotype of T. beccurii, which is in Genoa, was not available. Although the present author considers that 1. beccarii is probably no more than a form of T. downesi, more material is required before the status of Gridelli’s species can be established. Tribolium
downesi Hinton,
1948 : 40
New locality record: 1 female, Sudan, Sunni, Djebel Marra, Darfur, 25. v. 1962 (P. Jolivet) (A r d oin Coll. Arcachon, France). This species was described from Mali, Timbuktu. The aedeagus of T. downesi is illustrated in Figs. 4 - 5. Tribolium giganteum Hinton,
The author
has compared
1948 : 37 the description
and types of this species with those of
Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien, and has found that they are identical. No other species of Tenebrioloma have been described, and the author considers that Hinton’s placing of this species in Ttibolium is correct. The following synonymy is therefore proposed : Tribolium Macleay, 1825. Tribolium Macleay, 1825, Annulosa javanica, 47 Type species Colydium castaneum Herbst by subsequent designation, Lucas, 1855, Annls Sot. ent. FT. 3, 259. Tenebrioloma Gebien, 1910, Kilimandjaro-Menu J?%/I. 7 ( 19)) 386 syn. 11. Type species Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien by monotypy. Tribolium semicostata (Gebien) comb. P. Tenebrioloma semicostata Gebien, 1910, lot. cit. Ttibolium giganteum Hinton, 1948, Bull. ent. Res., 39, 37 syn. n. The types of Tribolium giganteum came from Kenya and those of Tenebrioloma semicostuta from Eritrea, Kenya, Senegal and S%o Tome Island.
Tribolium
quadricollis (Fairmaire) HALSTEAD (1967 p. 67) gives this species, described Palorus, as a senior synonym of T. dolon Hinton. Tribolium
semele Hinton,
New
Villiers)
in the genus
1948: 41
locality record : 3 (Ardoin Coll. locality as T. downesi; Mali, the only species of Tribolium are very much coarser and distinctive facies (Fig. 1) and (A.
by Fairmaire
males, Mauritania, Bafrechie, 15-ix, IO-ix 1953 Arcachon, France). First described from the same Timbuktu, this species T. downesi and T. beccarii are in which the punctures on the sides of the pronotum denser than those on the disk. T. semele has a very the strongly sinuate hind margin of the pronotum and
SHORTComumxnos
271
lmm
FIG. 1. Tribolium
semele Hinton, head, pronotum and base of elytra.
the form of the aedeagus (see Figs. 1 - 5) (characters not previously illustrated described) readily distinguish this species from T. downesi and T. beccarii. Tribolium
thllsa Hinton,
or
1948: 44
New locality record: 1 female 2 males, Botswana (previously Bechuanaland), Lentswe le Tan, in a grain bin, 21 October, 1964 (E. Morley) P.I.L. Coll. This species, described from S. Africa, has eyes much closer together, in ventral view, than any other known species of Tribolium. Tribolium
uezumii Nakane,
1963: 28
T. uezumii Nakane, described from a unique female collected on Honolu Island, Japan, is similar to T. carinatum Hinton (NAKANE, 1963). The main character given for separating this species from 1. carinatum is that the narrowest part of the eye is as wide as two facets. This character, however, is given by HINTON (1948) to distinguish the subspecies T. carinatum dubium Hinton. A critical examination of the relevant type material is obviously required. Tribolium
waterhousei Hinton,
The author has discovered the British Museum (Natural
1948: 50 another male specimen of this Australian species in History) with exactly the same data as the holotype.
SHOKT COMS~UNICATION
272
&GS. 2-5. 2-3 Tribolium semeie Hinton, aedeagus (2) dorsal view (3) side view; 4-5 Tribolium downesi Hinton, aedeagus (4) dorsal view (5) side view. Acknowledgements-For loan of material I wish to thank the following: Mom. P. ARDOIN, 20 Rue du Casino 20, Arcachon, Gironde, France; Dr. G. COLAS, Museum National D’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; Miss C. M. F. VON HAYEK, British Museum (Natural History), London; Dr. Z. KASZAB, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest; Dr. H. KULZER, Museum G. Frey, Tutzing; Dr. R. MEZZENA, Museo Civic0 di Storia Naturale, Trieste.
D. G. H. HALSTEAD Pest Infestation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Council, London Road, Slough, Bucks., England.
REFERENCES GRIDELLI, E. (1950) Contribution a l’etude de 1’Air. Coltopteres, Tenebrionidae. Mem. Znst. JT. Afr. noire, 10,153-180. HALSTEAD,D. G. H. (1967) A revision of the genus Palorus (sens. lat.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.), 19,59-148. HINTON,H. E. (1948) A synopsis of the genus Tribolium Macleay, with some remarks on the evolution of its species-groups (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Bull. ent. Res. 39, 13-56. HOWE, R. W. (1952) Entomological problems of food storage in Northern Nigeria. Bull. ent. Res. 43,111-144. LE PJSLLEY, R. H. (Compiler) (1959) Agricultural Insects of East AJiica. East African High Commission, Nairobi. NAKANE, T. (1963) New or little-known Coleoptera from Japan and its adjacent regions XVIXXII. Fragm. Coleopterol., 7, 28. NEBOISS, A. (1962) Notes on distribution and descriptions of new species. Mem. natn. Mus. l&t. 25, 243-250. WILLIAMS, G. C. and BRETT, G. A. (1952) First record of Tribolium anaphe Hinton (Col. Tenebrionidae) in Great Britain. Entomologist’s mon. Mug. 88, 19.