- Email: [email protected]
November 2010 New in Review
from the association
NEW IN REVIEW
Privacy, professionalism, and Facebook: A dilemma for young doctors. MacDonald J, Sohn S, Ellis P. Med Educ. 2010; 44:805-813.
IN THIS ISSUE New in Review Editor: Judith Beto, PhD, RD, FADA Sites in Review Editor: Eileen Vincent, MS, RD
COMMUNITY NUTRITION Challenge! Health promotion/obesity preventon mentorship model among urban, black adolescents. Black MM, Hager ER, Le K, Anliker J, Arteaga SS, DiClemente C, Gittelsohn J, Lagder L, Papas M, Snitker S, Treuth MS, Wang Y. Pediatrics. 2010;126:280-288.
CONSULTATION AND PRIVATE PRACTICE
IN THIS ISSUE
Internet-delivered behavioral obesity treatment. Harvey-Berino J, West D, Krukowski R, Prewitt E, VanBierviet A, Ashikaga T, Skelly J. Prev Med. 2010;51:123-128.
PERIODICALS .........................................................................................page 1765 PRACTITIONER’S BOOKSHELF ..............................................................page 1769 SITES IN REVIEW ..................................................................................page 1769
PERIODICALS BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY Proteomics for the food industry: Opportunities and challenges. Pedreschi R, Hertog M, Lilley KS, Nicholi B. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:680692. Consumer perceptions of best practice in food risk communication and management: Implication for risk analysis policy. Cope S, Frewer LJ, Houghton J, Rowe G, Fischer AR, de Jonge J. Food Policy. 2010;35: 349-357. Content analysis of food advertising in Turkish television. Guran T, Turan S, Akcay T, Degirmenci F, Avci O, Asan A, Erdil E, Majid A, Bereket A. J Paed Child Health. 2010;46:427-430.
CLINICAL NUTRITION Vitamin A as a regulator of antigen presenting cells. Duriancik DM, Lackey DE, Hoag KA. (Review). J Nutr. 2010;140:1395-1399.
Oral sea buckthorn oil attenuates tear film osmolarity and symptoms in individuals with dry eye. Larmo PS, Jarvinen RL, Setala NL, Yang B, Viitanen MH, Engblom JRK, Tahvonen RL, Kallio HP. J Nutr. 2010;140:1462-1468. Nutrition treatment of deficiency and malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis: A review. Duggan S, O’Sullivan M, Feehan S, Ridgway P, Conlon K. Nutr Clin Prac. 2010;25:362-370.
COMMUNICATION/PUBLICATION Making sense sensibly in crisis communications: How publics’ crisis appraisals influence their negative emotions, coping strategy preferences, and crisis response acceptance. Yin J. Comm Res. 2010;37:522-552. Matching communication modalities: The effects of modality congruence and processing style on brand evaluation and brand choice. Fransen ML, Fennis BM, Pruyn AT. Comm Res. 2010;37:576-598.
© 2010 by the American Dietetic Association
The high-intensity entrepreneur. Habiby AS, Coyle DM. Harv Bus Rev. 2010; 74-78.
CULINARY Hygiene and cleanability: A focus on surfaces. Detry JG, Sindic M, Deroanne C. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:583-604. Development of associations and kinetic models for microbiological data to be used in comprehensive food safety prediction software. Halder A, Glack DG, Davidson PM, Datta A. (Review). J Food Sci. 2010;75:R107-R120. What’s cooking? A culinary nutrition research program with dietetic interns. Condrasky MD, Frost S, Lee A, Simmons S, Hrabski T. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010;25:280-288.
DIABETES CARE Recent trends in cystic fibrosis–related diabetes.
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NEW IN REVIEW Nathan BM, Laguna T, Moran A. (Commentary). Curr Opin Endo Diab Obes. 2010;17:335341. Introducing telemonitoring for diabetic patients: Development of a telemonitoring “Health Effect and Readiness” questionnaire. Buysse HE, Coorevis P, Van Maele G, Hutse A, Kaufman J, Ruige J, DeMoor GJ. Int J Med Informatics. 2010;79:576-584.
EDUCATION Point-of-purchase price and educational intervention to reduce consumption of sugary soft drinks. Black JP, Chandra A, McManus KD, Willett WC. Am J Public H. 2010;100:1427-1433. An intervention study targeting energy and nutrient intake in worksite cafeterias. Lowe MR, Tappe KA, Butryn ML, Annunziato RA, Colectta MC, Ochner CN, Rolls BJ. Eating Beh. 2010;11:144-151. What do we mean by Web-based learning? A systematic review of the variability of interventions. Cook DA, Garside S, Levinson AJ, Dupras DM, Montori VM. (Review). Med Educ. 2010;44: 765-774. “You’re judged all the time!” Students’ views on professionalism: A multicentre study. Finn G, Garner J, Sawdon M. Med Educ. 2010; 44:814-825.
GERONTOLOGY Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and fish and risk of age-related hearing loss. Gopinath B, Flood VM, Tochtchina E, McMahon CM, Mitchell P. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:416-421. Comparison of two malnutrition risk screening methods (MNA and NRS 2002) and their association with markers of protein malnutrition in geriatric hospitalized patients. Drescher T, Singler K, Ulrich A, Koller M, Keller U, Christ-Crain M, Kressig RW. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64:877-893.
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The “obesity paradox”: A parsimonious explanation for relations among obesity, mortality rate, and aging? Childers DK, Allison DB. (Commentary). Int J Obesity. 2010;34:1231-1238.
LONG-TERM CARE Long-term care and the electronic medical record. Lawhorne LW. (Editorial). J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010;11:459-461. Cost, staffing, and quality impact of bedside electronic medical records in nursing homes. Rantz MJ, Hicks L, Petroski GF, Madsen RW, Alexander G, Galambos C, Conn V, Scott-Cawiezell J, Zwygart-Stauffacher M, Greenwald L. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010;11:485-493.
MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION Why men still get more promotions than women. Ibarra H, Carter NM, Silva C. Harv Bus Rev. 2010;88:80-85. Abstract: A recent study (2008 Catalyst survey) showed women with master in business administration (MBA) degrees from top programs continued to be paid $4,600 less than male counterparts in their first post-MBA positions. The authors propose that mentoring alone will not change this gap, but rather a new strategy (sponsorship) is necessary to compete. The formal process of sponsorship extends the mentor relationship to actual campaigning and influencing by the mentor to move the individual into upper management positions. Examples of existing sponsorship programs are provided. Further discussion centers on the need for strong authority behaviors, yet such traits may be deemed “less attractive” in women candidates. Two of the authors are employed by Catalyst, a New York nonprofit organization that focuses on business opportunities for women. Kaiser Permanente’s innovation on the front lines. McCreary. Harv Bus Rev. 2010;88:92-97. Abstract: This article describes Kaiser Permanente’s Innovation Consultancy internal team that strives to develop
better ways to do business in the health care environment of the 8.6 million members they serve in nine states and the District of Columbia. Once an effective process is identified, a “change package” is created for specific levels of management (business leaders, project managers, frontline staff members) to document why the change is of value to them and the evaluation outcome measures that will be used. The author was a contributing editor, not an employee of Kaiser Permanente. Reconstructing the hospital food environment to address the obesity epidemic. Reed DB, Chenault HJ. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010; 25:236-243.
NUTRITION SUPPORT Mass transfer and nutrient absorption in a simulated model of small intestine. Tharakan A, Norton IT, Fryer PJ, Bakalis S. J Food Sci. 2010;75:R339-E346. Validation of cross-sectional time series and multivariate adaptive regression splines models for the prediction of energy expenditure in children and adolescents using doubly labeled water. Butte NF, Wong WW, Adolph AL, Ruyau MR, Vohra FA, Zakeri IF. J Nutr. 2010;140:15161523. Metabolic signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in humans: Computational model and its implications for diagnostics. Fedosov SN. Metabolism. 2010;59:1124-1138. Poor prediction of resting energy expenditure in obese women by established equations. Wilms B, Schmid SM, Ernst B, Thurnheer M, Mueller MJ, Schultes B. Metabolism. 2010;59: 1181-1189. Standards for nutrition support: Adult hospitalized patients. Ukleja A, Freeman KL, Gilbert K, Kochevar M, Kraft MD, Russell MK, Shuster MH, Task Force on Standards for Nutritino Support Adult Hospitalized Patients and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Board of Directors. Nutr Clin Prac. 2010;25:403-414.
NEW IN REVIEW ONCOLOGY The impact of obesity on gynecologic cancer screening: An integrative literature review. Aldrich T, Hackley B. (Review). J Midwifery Women Health. 2010;55:344-356. Content validation of nutrition diagnoses by members of the oncology nutrition dietetic practice group. Enrione EV, Guzman K. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010; 25:213-235.
PEDIATRIC Energy expenditure and physical activity of ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and of typically developing cildren. Bell LK, Savies PS. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92: 313-319. Potential mechanisms for the hypothesized link between sunshine, vitamin D, and food allergy in children. Vassallo MF, Carnargo CA. (Review). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:217-222. A population-based questionnaire survey on the prevalence of peanut, tree nut, and shellfish allergy in 2 Asian populations. Shek LP, Cabrera-Morales EA, Soh SE, Gerez I, Ng PZ, Yi FC, Ma S, Lee BW. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:324-331. Abstract: The incidence and intensity of food-based allergies may be dependent on genetic predisposition factors. This cross-sectional study examined the response of more than 25,000 parents of school-aged children in Singapore and the Philippines to a written structured questionnaire previously used in the United States for self-reported allergies of peanut, tree nut (almond, Brazil, cashew, hazelnut, macadamia, pecan, pine, pistachio, walnut), crustacean shellfish (prawns, crab, lobster, crayfish), and mollusk (squid, scallops, clams, oysters, mussels, snails). The questionnaire was primarily administered in English, but also translated into Malay and Chinese. Responses were analyzed using SUDAAN software to adjust for weighted prevalence rates in both countries. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by population groups using country of origin. The pattern of aller-
gic responses showed low allergy to peanut and tree nut (⬍1.0%) in Asian children. Children born in Western countries were (OR 3.47 to 10.47) more likely to report allergies. Shellfish allergy, however, was found to vary between 1.19% and 5.12% in the Asian population. Funding was provided by the national University of Singapore Academic Research Fund. Factors associated with breastfeeding duration among Connecticut Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Haughton J, Gregorio D, Perez-Escamilia R. J Hum Lact. 2010;26:266-273. Cow’s-milk-free diet as a therapeutic option in childhood chronic constipation. Irastorza I, Ibanez B, Delgado-Sanzonetti L, Maruri N, Vitoria JC. JPGN. 2010;51:171-176 Neck circumference as a screening measure for identifying children with high body mass index. Nafiu OO, Burke C, Lee J, Voepel-Lewis T, Malviya S, Tremper KK. Pediatrics. 2010;126: e306-e310. Feeding symptoms, dietary patterns, and growth in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Emond A, Emmett P, Steer C, Golding J. Pediatrics. 2010;126:e337-e342. Office-based intervention to reduce bottle use among toddlers: TARGet kids! pragmatic, randomized trial. Maguire JL, Birken CS, Jacobson S, Peer M, Taylor C, Khambalia A, Mekky M, Thorpe KE, Parkin P. Pediatrics. 2010;126:e343-e350. Challenges and pitfalls in the management of phenylketonuria. Feillet F, van Spronsen FJ,MacDonald A, Trefz FK, Demirkol M, Giovannini M, Belanger-Quintana A, Blau N. (Review). Pediatrics. 2010;126: 333-341.
Chung M, Balk EM, Ip S, Lee J, Terasawa T, Raman G, Trikalinois T, Lichtenstein AH, Lau J. (Review). Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:273-276. Dietary guidelines in the 21st century—A time for food. Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DC. (Commentary). JAMA. 2010;304:681-682.
PUBLIC HEALTH Effect of a simulated active commute to school on cardiovascular stress reactivity. Lambaise MJ, Barry HM, Roemmich JN. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42:1609-1616. Abstract: Active commuting to school as a public health initiative would promote increases in physical activity among school-aged children. This randomized controlled trial recruited a cohort of white children (n⫽40, 50% boys, ages 10 to 14 years) to evaluate whether sedentary vs active commuting to school scenarios would result in differences in heart rate and blood pressure measures. The non-intervention sedentary group read quietly for 10 minutes and then watched a 10-minute slide show simulating the ride to school in a vehicle. The intervention group completed a 1.6-km selfselected paced walk on a treadmill with a book bag equal to 10% of the child’s weight while viewing a slide show depicting the walking route to school. Both groups participated in a 20minute recovery period. Data were collected for height, weight, blood pressure, and heart rate by cuff monitor from baseline through recovery, selfcompleted stress perception on a 10point Likert scale, and baseline selfcompleted 7-day physical activity recall. Results were compared by twoway analysis of variance followed by regression for continuous measures. The walking group covered the distance in an average of 21.5 minutes and showed lower physical and cognitive changes. Active commuting may have multiple health benefits. Funding was by the National Institutes of Health.
RENAL NUTRITION POLICY & ADVOCACY Systematic review to support the development of nutrient reference intake values: Challenges and solutions.
Evaluation of the malnutrition-inflammation score in kidney transplant patients. Molnar MZ, Keszei A, Czira ME, Rudas A, Ujszaszi A, Haromszeki B, Kosa JP, Lakatos P,
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NEW IN REVIEW Sarvary E, Beko G, Fornadi K, Kiss I, Remport A, Novak M, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP, Mucsi I. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56:102-111.
Masotti A, Da Sacco L, Bottazzo GF, Alisi A. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:693698.
Obesity in kidney transplant recipients and candidates. Potluri K, Hou S. (Case study/discussion). Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56:143-156.
A novel way to study biscuits and breadsticks using x-ray computed tomography. Frisullo P, Conte A, Del Nobile MA. J Food Sci. 2010;75:E353-E358.
The impact of income and education on dietary habits in stone formers. Saint-Elie DT, Patel PV, Healy KA, Solomon T, Pattaras JG. Qian J, Master VA, Ogan K. Urology. 2010;76:307-313. Abstract: The incidence of kidney stones is higher in affluent populations. This cross-sectional study examined the dietary habits and income level of a convenience cohort of 99 adults (62% male, mean age 53.9 years, mean body mass index 30.5) living in the Atlanta, GA, area for the relationship with recurrent kidney stones. The validated National Cancer Institute (NCI) Diet History Questionnaire was used to assess food intake habits in conjunction with self-reported demographics. Dietary frequencies were calculated using NCI Diet x Calc software. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare groups defined by income ($15,000/yr poverty level) and education (12th grade). Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used to examine relationships. Results showed 34% were below poverty level and were more likely to ingest higher levels of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, magnesium, and potassium. Higher incidence of stone formation was correlated to higher intakes of carbohydrate, phosphorus, protein, and sodium. Identification of income level may aid in selected dietary counseling. No funding support was identified.
An expanded role for dietitians in maximizing retention in nutrition and lifestyle intervention trials: Implications for clinical practice. Delahanty LM. (Commentary). J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010;140:336-343.
RESEARCH Metabolic profiling strategy for discovery of nutritional biomarkers: Proline betaine as a marker of citrus consumption. Heinzmann SS, Brown IJ, Chan Q, Bictash M, Dumas ME, Kochhar S, Stamler J, Holmes E, Elliot P, Nicholson JK. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010; 92:436-443. Microarray technology: A promising tool in nutrigenomics.
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Development of new demi-span equations from a nationally representative sample of adults to estimate maximal adult height. Hirani V, Tabassum F, Aresu M, Mindell J. J Nutr. 2010;140:1475-1480.
ied widely. It would be beneficial to develop overall standards for afterschool physical activity programs to define evaluation and efficacy measures. No funding support was identified but two authors were from the University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health. Psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting for university students. Molina-Garcia J, Castillo I, Sallis JR. Prev Med. 2010;51:136-138. Separate and unequal: The influence of neighborhood and school characteristics on spatial proximity between fast food and schools. Kwate NO, Loh JM. Prev Med. 2010;51:153156.
SPORTS NUTRITION SCHOOL NUTRITION Defining standards and policies for promoting physical activity in afterschool programs. Beets MW, Wallner M, Beighle A. J Sch Health. 2010;80:411-417. Abstract: Afterschool programs have the potential to provide a wide array of health-promoting activities. This systematic review examined statelevel afterschool program organizations for current programming and policies documentation using a threestep standardized content analysis protocol. First, a search of available programs was completed. Second, a review of each organization’s Web site was used to collect relevant information. Third, an additional Keyword search within these documents was used to focus on terms (physical activity, obesity, exercise, fitness, health) as used within each program. Data were coded and merged into tables for descriptive analysis. Result showed four states had the most comprehensive programming: California, Kansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. Mandated program content varied considerably between states from time (30 to 60 minutes in California) to content (20% physical activities in North Carolina). The diversity of programming offered, purposes, resources, frequency, and content var-
Adolescents’ sports and exercise environments in a US time use survey. Dunton GF, Berrigan D, Ballard-Barbash R, Perna FM, Graubard BI, Atienza AA. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39:122-129. Abstract: The promotion of physical activity among adolescents should include analysis of the social context environment. This observational analysis used data (2003-2006) from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) which was collected by the US Census Bureau and sponsored by the Bureau of Labor and Statistics. The ATUS used a stratified random sample with data collected by telephone interview using a set of standardized questions. The goal was to examine patterns among adolescents 15 to 18 years of age for sex, social, and physical environments that might promote activity. Data were analyzed using SUDAAN software to control for the complex sampling design and provide accurate weighting of response categories. A total of 3,479 adolescents were contacted, with data available for analysis from 3,051 (50% male, 66.8% nonHispanic white), with 867 reporting at least one activity event (65.9% male, 64% non-Hispanic white). Trends showed the majority of physical activities were with friends (50%) compared to alone (19%) or with family (18%). Males were more likely to be outdoors and less likely to be at
NEW IN REVIEW school. Older adolescents (aged 18) were more likely to begin exercising alone compared to younger teens (aged 15). No funding support was stated for the analysis. Effect of locus control on disordered eating in athletes: The meditational role of selfregulation of eating attitudes. Scoffier S, Paquet Y, d-Arripe-Longuevile F. Eating Beh. 2010;11:164-169.
WELLNESS/PREVENTION Family history and personal genomics as tools for improving health in an era of evidence-based medicine. Khoury MJ, Feero WG, Valdez R. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39:184-188. Bioactive compounds in cranberries and their biological properties. Cote J, Caillet S, Doyon G, Sylvain JF, Lacroix M. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50: 666-679.
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT Weight and metabolic outcomes after 2 years on a low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diet. A randomized trial. Foster GD, Wyatt HR, Hill JO, Makris AP, Rosenbaum DL, Brill C, Stein RI, Mohammed S, Miller B, Rader DJ, Zemel B, Wadden TA, Tenhave T, Newcomb CW, Klein S. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:147-157. Abstract: Multiple studies have shown weight loss can be achieved by various methods. This randomized controlled trial enrolled 307 obese (body mass index 30 to 40) healthy adults (68% female, 72% white, mean age 45 years) at three metropolitan centers (Denver, CO; St Louis, MO; Philadelphia, PA) to compare the effect of group behavior intervention combined with either a low-carbohydrate (20 g/d baseline) or low-fat (30% fat on 1,200 to 1,500 kcal/d) diet on total weight loss over 24 months. Outcome measures included blood pressure, bone mineral density, body composition and weight, urine ketones, and serum lipids. A random-effects linear model with subsequent alternate modeling approaches was used to analyze data differences between groups. A drop-out rate of 32% to 42% was similar between groups. Both groups lost approximately 11% body weight during the first year of the trial, with a mean total weight loss of 7% at the end of the 2 years. No statistically significant difference in weight loss was seen between groups other than a higher level of HDL-cholesterol and urine ketones in the low-carbohydrate group. An appendix documented the behavior intervention program. Funding support was from the National Institutes of Health.
Waist circumference thresholds for the prediction of cardiovascular risk: Is measurement site important? Mason D, Katzmarzyk PT. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64:862-867.
WOMEN’S HEALTH Personal identities and disordered eating behaviors in Mexican-American women. Stein KF, Corte C, Ronis DL. Eating Behav. 2010:11:197-200. The use of complementary and alternative medicines among a sample of Canadian menopausal-aged women. Lunny CA, Fraser SN. J Midwifery Women Health. 2010;55:335-343.
PRACTITIONER’S BOOKSHELF Diabetes Meal Planning Made Easy, 4th Edition By: Hope Warshaw, MMSc, RD; Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association: 2010; $16.95; paperback; 362 pp; ISBN: 978-158-040319-1. This new edition of the best-selling guide to eating healthfully with diabetes includes the latest recommendations from the American Diabetes Association and the US Department of Agriculture’s Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Diabetes Meal Planning Made easy provides readers with the basics of what to eat, shopping skills, planning nutritious meals, and dining out healthfully. It also includes easy-to-understand explanations of how food and nutrition affect blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid levels, and offers practical advice on making sensible food choices.
The book is divided into three sections—“Diabetes, Nutrition, and Healthy Eating Basics,” “Foods by Group,” and “Putting Healthy Eating into Action”— each of which is divided into several chapters and filled with easy-to-understand information, charts, and tips. Section One provides basic background information about what diabetes is and how it affects the body; important nutrients; healthy eating guidelines and weight control plans; dietary supplements; and blood pressure control. Section Two includes specific information on every food group, how foods from each group can fit into a healthy eating plan, and tips on buying and preparing those foods. Section Three provides tips for implementing a healthy eating plan and sticking with it, including planning for healthy eating, tracking progress, controlling portions, reading food labels, ordering healthier choices at restaurants, and finding the support needed to succeed. Overall, Diabetes Meal Planning Made Easy provides both information and strategies to teach diabetics how to make the behavior changes necessary to live and eat healthy.
SITES IN REVIEW This site review presents the web resources associated with the US Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010 Report referenced in the Commentary by Van Horn on page 1638. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010 http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/DGAs2010-DGAC Report.htm In 1980, the US Congress mandated that the Dietary Guidelines be developed and updated every 5 years by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). These guidelines are evidence-based diet and nutrition recommendations for the general public and serve as the basis of federal nutrition programs. The USDA and DHHS appointed a Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) comprised of 13 health and nutrition experts in late 2008. Since then, the DGAC has conducted a comprehensive scientific review of the literature and provided general as well as population-specific dietary recommendations in its report re-
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NEW IN REVIEW leased in mid 2010. The USDA and DHHS, in turn, will translate the recommendations outlined in the DGAC report when these federal agencies update the US Dietary Guidelines later this year. On the dietaryguidelines.gov site, the entire Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 is available to the public. Dietetics practitioners can earn continuing professional education units (CPEU) by viewing the webinar from each of the six DGAC meetings archived on the site. Dietetics practitioners are required to form a study group (consisting of three or more professionals including at least one registered dietitian) to earn one CPEU for each hour of viewing or discussing any of the DGAC webinars/transcripts. Dietetics practitioners and other site users can also take an independent study approach by downloading the DGAC report to view its content. Each of the five parts of the DGAC report—Executive Summary, Setting the Stage and Integrating the Evidence, Methodology, Science Base and Appendices—are available as PDFs. Using the DGAC Report Table of Contents as a guide, site users can readily find the scientific evidence and corresponding DGAC recommendations for a given nutrient/dietary issue. Key findings of the DGAC Report are also found in the appendices entitled Major Conclusions. United States Department of Agriculture/ Department of Health and Human Services Nutrition Evidence Library http://www.nutritionevidencelibrary.com/ default.cfm?library⫽DGAC The USDA Nutrition Evidence Library (NEL) provides evidencedbased systematic reviews prior to establishing federal nutrition policies and programs. This open-access online library “evaluates, synthesizes, and grades the strength of the evidence to support conclusions” for food and nutrition–related scientific questions such as those developed by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010. Users of the NEL site can view the DGAC 2010 systematic reviews for eight major nutrition categories: 1) alcohol, 2) carbohydrates, 3) energy bal-
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ance/weight management, 4) fatty acids and cholesterol, 5) food safety and technology, 6) nutrient adequacy, 7) protein, and 8) sodium, potassium, and water. The subheadings for each of the aforementioned primary topics include the DGAC review questions, literature search criteria, evidence summaries, and supporting references. The conclusions for each subtopic question are graded (strong, moderate, limited, expert opinion only, and grade not assignable) based on the quality and amount of supporting research evidence. Site users can also explore the NEL A-Z index of diet, nutrition, and food safety issues to obtain systematic review summaries for approximately 100 different topics. More information about the NEL systematic review process, evaluation criteria, and other methodological issues are posted in the Frequently Asked Questions for the NEL site.
NEW IN REVIEW
Privacy, professionalism, and Facebook: A dilemma for young doctors. MacDonald J, Sohn S, Ellis P. Med Educ. 2010; 44:805-813.
IN THIS ISSUE New in Review Editor: Judith Beto, PhD, RD, FADA Sites in Review Editor: Eileen Vincent, MS, RD
COMMUNITY NUTRITION Challenge! Health promotion/obesity preventon mentorship model among urban, black adolescents. Black MM, Hager ER, Le K, Anliker J, Arteaga SS, DiClemente C, Gittelsohn J, Lagder L, Papas M, Snitker S, Treuth MS, Wang Y. Pediatrics. 2010;126:280-288.
CONSULTATION AND PRIVATE PRACTICE
IN THIS ISSUE
Internet-delivered behavioral obesity treatment. Harvey-Berino J, West D, Krukowski R, Prewitt E, VanBierviet A, Ashikaga T, Skelly J. Prev Med. 2010;51:123-128.
PERIODICALS .........................................................................................page 1765 PRACTITIONER’S BOOKSHELF ..............................................................page 1769 SITES IN REVIEW ..................................................................................page 1769
PERIODICALS BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY Proteomics for the food industry: Opportunities and challenges. Pedreschi R, Hertog M, Lilley KS, Nicholi B. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:680692. Consumer perceptions of best practice in food risk communication and management: Implication for risk analysis policy. Cope S, Frewer LJ, Houghton J, Rowe G, Fischer AR, de Jonge J. Food Policy. 2010;35: 349-357. Content analysis of food advertising in Turkish television. Guran T, Turan S, Akcay T, Degirmenci F, Avci O, Asan A, Erdil E, Majid A, Bereket A. J Paed Child Health. 2010;46:427-430.
CLINICAL NUTRITION Vitamin A as a regulator of antigen presenting cells. Duriancik DM, Lackey DE, Hoag KA. (Review). J Nutr. 2010;140:1395-1399.
Oral sea buckthorn oil attenuates tear film osmolarity and symptoms in individuals with dry eye. Larmo PS, Jarvinen RL, Setala NL, Yang B, Viitanen MH, Engblom JRK, Tahvonen RL, Kallio HP. J Nutr. 2010;140:1462-1468. Nutrition treatment of deficiency and malnutrition in chronic pancreatitis: A review. Duggan S, O’Sullivan M, Feehan S, Ridgway P, Conlon K. Nutr Clin Prac. 2010;25:362-370.
COMMUNICATION/PUBLICATION Making sense sensibly in crisis communications: How publics’ crisis appraisals influence their negative emotions, coping strategy preferences, and crisis response acceptance. Yin J. Comm Res. 2010;37:522-552. Matching communication modalities: The effects of modality congruence and processing style on brand evaluation and brand choice. Fransen ML, Fennis BM, Pruyn AT. Comm Res. 2010;37:576-598.
© 2010 by the American Dietetic Association
The high-intensity entrepreneur. Habiby AS, Coyle DM. Harv Bus Rev. 2010; 74-78.
CULINARY Hygiene and cleanability: A focus on surfaces. Detry JG, Sindic M, Deroanne C. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:583-604. Development of associations and kinetic models for microbiological data to be used in comprehensive food safety prediction software. Halder A, Glack DG, Davidson PM, Datta A. (Review). J Food Sci. 2010;75:R107-R120. What’s cooking? A culinary nutrition research program with dietetic interns. Condrasky MD, Frost S, Lee A, Simmons S, Hrabski T. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010;25:280-288.
DIABETES CARE Recent trends in cystic fibrosis–related diabetes.
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NEW IN REVIEW Nathan BM, Laguna T, Moran A. (Commentary). Curr Opin Endo Diab Obes. 2010;17:335341. Introducing telemonitoring for diabetic patients: Development of a telemonitoring “Health Effect and Readiness” questionnaire. Buysse HE, Coorevis P, Van Maele G, Hutse A, Kaufman J, Ruige J, DeMoor GJ. Int J Med Informatics. 2010;79:576-584.
EDUCATION Point-of-purchase price and educational intervention to reduce consumption of sugary soft drinks. Black JP, Chandra A, McManus KD, Willett WC. Am J Public H. 2010;100:1427-1433. An intervention study targeting energy and nutrient intake in worksite cafeterias. Lowe MR, Tappe KA, Butryn ML, Annunziato RA, Colectta MC, Ochner CN, Rolls BJ. Eating Beh. 2010;11:144-151. What do we mean by Web-based learning? A systematic review of the variability of interventions. Cook DA, Garside S, Levinson AJ, Dupras DM, Montori VM. (Review). Med Educ. 2010;44: 765-774. “You’re judged all the time!” Students’ views on professionalism: A multicentre study. Finn G, Garner J, Sawdon M. Med Educ. 2010; 44:814-825.
GERONTOLOGY Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and fish and risk of age-related hearing loss. Gopinath B, Flood VM, Tochtchina E, McMahon CM, Mitchell P. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:416-421. Comparison of two malnutrition risk screening methods (MNA and NRS 2002) and their association with markers of protein malnutrition in geriatric hospitalized patients. Drescher T, Singler K, Ulrich A, Koller M, Keller U, Christ-Crain M, Kressig RW. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64:877-893.
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The “obesity paradox”: A parsimonious explanation for relations among obesity, mortality rate, and aging? Childers DK, Allison DB. (Commentary). Int J Obesity. 2010;34:1231-1238.
LONG-TERM CARE Long-term care and the electronic medical record. Lawhorne LW. (Editorial). J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010;11:459-461. Cost, staffing, and quality impact of bedside electronic medical records in nursing homes. Rantz MJ, Hicks L, Petroski GF, Madsen RW, Alexander G, Galambos C, Conn V, Scott-Cawiezell J, Zwygart-Stauffacher M, Greenwald L. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010;11:485-493.
MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION Why men still get more promotions than women. Ibarra H, Carter NM, Silva C. Harv Bus Rev. 2010;88:80-85. Abstract: A recent study (2008 Catalyst survey) showed women with master in business administration (MBA) degrees from top programs continued to be paid $4,600 less than male counterparts in their first post-MBA positions. The authors propose that mentoring alone will not change this gap, but rather a new strategy (sponsorship) is necessary to compete. The formal process of sponsorship extends the mentor relationship to actual campaigning and influencing by the mentor to move the individual into upper management positions. Examples of existing sponsorship programs are provided. Further discussion centers on the need for strong authority behaviors, yet such traits may be deemed “less attractive” in women candidates. Two of the authors are employed by Catalyst, a New York nonprofit organization that focuses on business opportunities for women. Kaiser Permanente’s innovation on the front lines. McCreary. Harv Bus Rev. 2010;88:92-97. Abstract: This article describes Kaiser Permanente’s Innovation Consultancy internal team that strives to develop
better ways to do business in the health care environment of the 8.6 million members they serve in nine states and the District of Columbia. Once an effective process is identified, a “change package” is created for specific levels of management (business leaders, project managers, frontline staff members) to document why the change is of value to them and the evaluation outcome measures that will be used. The author was a contributing editor, not an employee of Kaiser Permanente. Reconstructing the hospital food environment to address the obesity epidemic. Reed DB, Chenault HJ. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010; 25:236-243.
NUTRITION SUPPORT Mass transfer and nutrient absorption in a simulated model of small intestine. Tharakan A, Norton IT, Fryer PJ, Bakalis S. J Food Sci. 2010;75:R339-E346. Validation of cross-sectional time series and multivariate adaptive regression splines models for the prediction of energy expenditure in children and adolescents using doubly labeled water. Butte NF, Wong WW, Adolph AL, Ruyau MR, Vohra FA, Zakeri IF. J Nutr. 2010;140:15161523. Metabolic signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in humans: Computational model and its implications for diagnostics. Fedosov SN. Metabolism. 2010;59:1124-1138. Poor prediction of resting energy expenditure in obese women by established equations. Wilms B, Schmid SM, Ernst B, Thurnheer M, Mueller MJ, Schultes B. Metabolism. 2010;59: 1181-1189. Standards for nutrition support: Adult hospitalized patients. Ukleja A, Freeman KL, Gilbert K, Kochevar M, Kraft MD, Russell MK, Shuster MH, Task Force on Standards for Nutritino Support Adult Hospitalized Patients and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Board of Directors. Nutr Clin Prac. 2010;25:403-414.
NEW IN REVIEW ONCOLOGY The impact of obesity on gynecologic cancer screening: An integrative literature review. Aldrich T, Hackley B. (Review). J Midwifery Women Health. 2010;55:344-356. Content validation of nutrition diagnoses by members of the oncology nutrition dietetic practice group. Enrione EV, Guzman K. Topics Clin Nutr. 2010; 25:213-235.
PEDIATRIC Energy expenditure and physical activity of ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and of typically developing cildren. Bell LK, Savies PS. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92: 313-319. Potential mechanisms for the hypothesized link between sunshine, vitamin D, and food allergy in children. Vassallo MF, Carnargo CA. (Review). J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:217-222. A population-based questionnaire survey on the prevalence of peanut, tree nut, and shellfish allergy in 2 Asian populations. Shek LP, Cabrera-Morales EA, Soh SE, Gerez I, Ng PZ, Yi FC, Ma S, Lee BW. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:324-331. Abstract: The incidence and intensity of food-based allergies may be dependent on genetic predisposition factors. This cross-sectional study examined the response of more than 25,000 parents of school-aged children in Singapore and the Philippines to a written structured questionnaire previously used in the United States for self-reported allergies of peanut, tree nut (almond, Brazil, cashew, hazelnut, macadamia, pecan, pine, pistachio, walnut), crustacean shellfish (prawns, crab, lobster, crayfish), and mollusk (squid, scallops, clams, oysters, mussels, snails). The questionnaire was primarily administered in English, but also translated into Malay and Chinese. Responses were analyzed using SUDAAN software to adjust for weighted prevalence rates in both countries. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by population groups using country of origin. The pattern of aller-
gic responses showed low allergy to peanut and tree nut (⬍1.0%) in Asian children. Children born in Western countries were (OR 3.47 to 10.47) more likely to report allergies. Shellfish allergy, however, was found to vary between 1.19% and 5.12% in the Asian population. Funding was provided by the national University of Singapore Academic Research Fund. Factors associated with breastfeeding duration among Connecticut Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Haughton J, Gregorio D, Perez-Escamilia R. J Hum Lact. 2010;26:266-273. Cow’s-milk-free diet as a therapeutic option in childhood chronic constipation. Irastorza I, Ibanez B, Delgado-Sanzonetti L, Maruri N, Vitoria JC. JPGN. 2010;51:171-176 Neck circumference as a screening measure for identifying children with high body mass index. Nafiu OO, Burke C, Lee J, Voepel-Lewis T, Malviya S, Tremper KK. Pediatrics. 2010;126: e306-e310. Feeding symptoms, dietary patterns, and growth in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Emond A, Emmett P, Steer C, Golding J. Pediatrics. 2010;126:e337-e342. Office-based intervention to reduce bottle use among toddlers: TARGet kids! pragmatic, randomized trial. Maguire JL, Birken CS, Jacobson S, Peer M, Taylor C, Khambalia A, Mekky M, Thorpe KE, Parkin P. Pediatrics. 2010;126:e343-e350. Challenges and pitfalls in the management of phenylketonuria. Feillet F, van Spronsen FJ,MacDonald A, Trefz FK, Demirkol M, Giovannini M, Belanger-Quintana A, Blau N. (Review). Pediatrics. 2010;126: 333-341.
Chung M, Balk EM, Ip S, Lee J, Terasawa T, Raman G, Trikalinois T, Lichtenstein AH, Lau J. (Review). Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:273-276. Dietary guidelines in the 21st century—A time for food. Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DC. (Commentary). JAMA. 2010;304:681-682.
PUBLIC HEALTH Effect of a simulated active commute to school on cardiovascular stress reactivity. Lambaise MJ, Barry HM, Roemmich JN. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42:1609-1616. Abstract: Active commuting to school as a public health initiative would promote increases in physical activity among school-aged children. This randomized controlled trial recruited a cohort of white children (n⫽40, 50% boys, ages 10 to 14 years) to evaluate whether sedentary vs active commuting to school scenarios would result in differences in heart rate and blood pressure measures. The non-intervention sedentary group read quietly for 10 minutes and then watched a 10-minute slide show simulating the ride to school in a vehicle. The intervention group completed a 1.6-km selfselected paced walk on a treadmill with a book bag equal to 10% of the child’s weight while viewing a slide show depicting the walking route to school. Both groups participated in a 20minute recovery period. Data were collected for height, weight, blood pressure, and heart rate by cuff monitor from baseline through recovery, selfcompleted stress perception on a 10point Likert scale, and baseline selfcompleted 7-day physical activity recall. Results were compared by twoway analysis of variance followed by regression for continuous measures. The walking group covered the distance in an average of 21.5 minutes and showed lower physical and cognitive changes. Active commuting may have multiple health benefits. Funding was by the National Institutes of Health.
RENAL NUTRITION POLICY & ADVOCACY Systematic review to support the development of nutrient reference intake values: Challenges and solutions.
Evaluation of the malnutrition-inflammation score in kidney transplant patients. Molnar MZ, Keszei A, Czira ME, Rudas A, Ujszaszi A, Haromszeki B, Kosa JP, Lakatos P,
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NEW IN REVIEW Sarvary E, Beko G, Fornadi K, Kiss I, Remport A, Novak M, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP, Mucsi I. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56:102-111.
Masotti A, Da Sacco L, Bottazzo GF, Alisi A. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50:693698.
Obesity in kidney transplant recipients and candidates. Potluri K, Hou S. (Case study/discussion). Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56:143-156.
A novel way to study biscuits and breadsticks using x-ray computed tomography. Frisullo P, Conte A, Del Nobile MA. J Food Sci. 2010;75:E353-E358.
The impact of income and education on dietary habits in stone formers. Saint-Elie DT, Patel PV, Healy KA, Solomon T, Pattaras JG. Qian J, Master VA, Ogan K. Urology. 2010;76:307-313. Abstract: The incidence of kidney stones is higher in affluent populations. This cross-sectional study examined the dietary habits and income level of a convenience cohort of 99 adults (62% male, mean age 53.9 years, mean body mass index 30.5) living in the Atlanta, GA, area for the relationship with recurrent kidney stones. The validated National Cancer Institute (NCI) Diet History Questionnaire was used to assess food intake habits in conjunction with self-reported demographics. Dietary frequencies were calculated using NCI Diet x Calc software. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare groups defined by income ($15,000/yr poverty level) and education (12th grade). Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used to examine relationships. Results showed 34% were below poverty level and were more likely to ingest higher levels of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, magnesium, and potassium. Higher incidence of stone formation was correlated to higher intakes of carbohydrate, phosphorus, protein, and sodium. Identification of income level may aid in selected dietary counseling. No funding support was identified.
An expanded role for dietitians in maximizing retention in nutrition and lifestyle intervention trials: Implications for clinical practice. Delahanty LM. (Commentary). J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010;140:336-343.
RESEARCH Metabolic profiling strategy for discovery of nutritional biomarkers: Proline betaine as a marker of citrus consumption. Heinzmann SS, Brown IJ, Chan Q, Bictash M, Dumas ME, Kochhar S, Stamler J, Holmes E, Elliot P, Nicholson JK. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010; 92:436-443. Microarray technology: A promising tool in nutrigenomics.
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Development of new demi-span equations from a nationally representative sample of adults to estimate maximal adult height. Hirani V, Tabassum F, Aresu M, Mindell J. J Nutr. 2010;140:1475-1480.
ied widely. It would be beneficial to develop overall standards for afterschool physical activity programs to define evaluation and efficacy measures. No funding support was identified but two authors were from the University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health. Psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting for university students. Molina-Garcia J, Castillo I, Sallis JR. Prev Med. 2010;51:136-138. Separate and unequal: The influence of neighborhood and school characteristics on spatial proximity between fast food and schools. Kwate NO, Loh JM. Prev Med. 2010;51:153156.
SPORTS NUTRITION SCHOOL NUTRITION Defining standards and policies for promoting physical activity in afterschool programs. Beets MW, Wallner M, Beighle A. J Sch Health. 2010;80:411-417. Abstract: Afterschool programs have the potential to provide a wide array of health-promoting activities. This systematic review examined statelevel afterschool program organizations for current programming and policies documentation using a threestep standardized content analysis protocol. First, a search of available programs was completed. Second, a review of each organization’s Web site was used to collect relevant information. Third, an additional Keyword search within these documents was used to focus on terms (physical activity, obesity, exercise, fitness, health) as used within each program. Data were coded and merged into tables for descriptive analysis. Result showed four states had the most comprehensive programming: California, Kansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. Mandated program content varied considerably between states from time (30 to 60 minutes in California) to content (20% physical activities in North Carolina). The diversity of programming offered, purposes, resources, frequency, and content var-
Adolescents’ sports and exercise environments in a US time use survey. Dunton GF, Berrigan D, Ballard-Barbash R, Perna FM, Graubard BI, Atienza AA. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39:122-129. Abstract: The promotion of physical activity among adolescents should include analysis of the social context environment. This observational analysis used data (2003-2006) from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) which was collected by the US Census Bureau and sponsored by the Bureau of Labor and Statistics. The ATUS used a stratified random sample with data collected by telephone interview using a set of standardized questions. The goal was to examine patterns among adolescents 15 to 18 years of age for sex, social, and physical environments that might promote activity. Data were analyzed using SUDAAN software to control for the complex sampling design and provide accurate weighting of response categories. A total of 3,479 adolescents were contacted, with data available for analysis from 3,051 (50% male, 66.8% nonHispanic white), with 867 reporting at least one activity event (65.9% male, 64% non-Hispanic white). Trends showed the majority of physical activities were with friends (50%) compared to alone (19%) or with family (18%). Males were more likely to be outdoors and less likely to be at
NEW IN REVIEW school. Older adolescents (aged 18) were more likely to begin exercising alone compared to younger teens (aged 15). No funding support was stated for the analysis. Effect of locus control on disordered eating in athletes: The meditational role of selfregulation of eating attitudes. Scoffier S, Paquet Y, d-Arripe-Longuevile F. Eating Beh. 2010;11:164-169.
WELLNESS/PREVENTION Family history and personal genomics as tools for improving health in an era of evidence-based medicine. Khoury MJ, Feero WG, Valdez R. Am J Prev Med. 2010;39:184-188. Bioactive compounds in cranberries and their biological properties. Cote J, Caillet S, Doyon G, Sylvain JF, Lacroix M. (Review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010;50: 666-679.
WEIGHT MANAGEMENT Weight and metabolic outcomes after 2 years on a low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diet. A randomized trial. Foster GD, Wyatt HR, Hill JO, Makris AP, Rosenbaum DL, Brill C, Stein RI, Mohammed S, Miller B, Rader DJ, Zemel B, Wadden TA, Tenhave T, Newcomb CW, Klein S. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:147-157. Abstract: Multiple studies have shown weight loss can be achieved by various methods. This randomized controlled trial enrolled 307 obese (body mass index 30 to 40) healthy adults (68% female, 72% white, mean age 45 years) at three metropolitan centers (Denver, CO; St Louis, MO; Philadelphia, PA) to compare the effect of group behavior intervention combined with either a low-carbohydrate (20 g/d baseline) or low-fat (30% fat on 1,200 to 1,500 kcal/d) diet on total weight loss over 24 months. Outcome measures included blood pressure, bone mineral density, body composition and weight, urine ketones, and serum lipids. A random-effects linear model with subsequent alternate modeling approaches was used to analyze data differences between groups. A drop-out rate of 32% to 42% was similar between groups. Both groups lost approximately 11% body weight during the first year of the trial, with a mean total weight loss of 7% at the end of the 2 years. No statistically significant difference in weight loss was seen between groups other than a higher level of HDL-cholesterol and urine ketones in the low-carbohydrate group. An appendix documented the behavior intervention program. Funding support was from the National Institutes of Health.
Waist circumference thresholds for the prediction of cardiovascular risk: Is measurement site important? Mason D, Katzmarzyk PT. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64:862-867.
WOMEN’S HEALTH Personal identities and disordered eating behaviors in Mexican-American women. Stein KF, Corte C, Ronis DL. Eating Behav. 2010:11:197-200. The use of complementary and alternative medicines among a sample of Canadian menopausal-aged women. Lunny CA, Fraser SN. J Midwifery Women Health. 2010;55:335-343.
PRACTITIONER’S BOOKSHELF Diabetes Meal Planning Made Easy, 4th Edition By: Hope Warshaw, MMSc, RD; Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association: 2010; $16.95; paperback; 362 pp; ISBN: 978-158-040319-1. This new edition of the best-selling guide to eating healthfully with diabetes includes the latest recommendations from the American Diabetes Association and the US Department of Agriculture’s Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Diabetes Meal Planning Made easy provides readers with the basics of what to eat, shopping skills, planning nutritious meals, and dining out healthfully. It also includes easy-to-understand explanations of how food and nutrition affect blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid levels, and offers practical advice on making sensible food choices.
The book is divided into three sections—“Diabetes, Nutrition, and Healthy Eating Basics,” “Foods by Group,” and “Putting Healthy Eating into Action”— each of which is divided into several chapters and filled with easy-to-understand information, charts, and tips. Section One provides basic background information about what diabetes is and how it affects the body; important nutrients; healthy eating guidelines and weight control plans; dietary supplements; and blood pressure control. Section Two includes specific information on every food group, how foods from each group can fit into a healthy eating plan, and tips on buying and preparing those foods. Section Three provides tips for implementing a healthy eating plan and sticking with it, including planning for healthy eating, tracking progress, controlling portions, reading food labels, ordering healthier choices at restaurants, and finding the support needed to succeed. Overall, Diabetes Meal Planning Made Easy provides both information and strategies to teach diabetics how to make the behavior changes necessary to live and eat healthy.
SITES IN REVIEW This site review presents the web resources associated with the US Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010 Report referenced in the Commentary by Van Horn on page 1638. Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010 http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/DGAs2010-DGAC Report.htm In 1980, the US Congress mandated that the Dietary Guidelines be developed and updated every 5 years by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). These guidelines are evidence-based diet and nutrition recommendations for the general public and serve as the basis of federal nutrition programs. The USDA and DHHS appointed a Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee (DGAC) comprised of 13 health and nutrition experts in late 2008. Since then, the DGAC has conducted a comprehensive scientific review of the literature and provided general as well as population-specific dietary recommendations in its report re-
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NEW IN REVIEW leased in mid 2010. The USDA and DHHS, in turn, will translate the recommendations outlined in the DGAC report when these federal agencies update the US Dietary Guidelines later this year. On the dietaryguidelines.gov site, the entire Report of the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 is available to the public. Dietetics practitioners can earn continuing professional education units (CPEU) by viewing the webinar from each of the six DGAC meetings archived on the site. Dietetics practitioners are required to form a study group (consisting of three or more professionals including at least one registered dietitian) to earn one CPEU for each hour of viewing or discussing any of the DGAC webinars/transcripts. Dietetics practitioners and other site users can also take an independent study approach by downloading the DGAC report to view its content. Each of the five parts of the DGAC report—Executive Summary, Setting the Stage and Integrating the Evidence, Methodology, Science Base and Appendices—are available as PDFs. Using the DGAC Report Table of Contents as a guide, site users can readily find the scientific evidence and corresponding DGAC recommendations for a given nutrient/dietary issue. Key findings of the DGAC Report are also found in the appendices entitled Major Conclusions. United States Department of Agriculture/ Department of Health and Human Services Nutrition Evidence Library http://www.nutritionevidencelibrary.com/ default.cfm?library⫽DGAC The USDA Nutrition Evidence Library (NEL) provides evidencedbased systematic reviews prior to establishing federal nutrition policies and programs. This open-access online library “evaluates, synthesizes, and grades the strength of the evidence to support conclusions” for food and nutrition–related scientific questions such as those developed by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee 2010. Users of the NEL site can view the DGAC 2010 systematic reviews for eight major nutrition categories: 1) alcohol, 2) carbohydrates, 3) energy bal-
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ance/weight management, 4) fatty acids and cholesterol, 5) food safety and technology, 6) nutrient adequacy, 7) protein, and 8) sodium, potassium, and water. The subheadings for each of the aforementioned primary topics include the DGAC review questions, literature search criteria, evidence summaries, and supporting references. The conclusions for each subtopic question are graded (strong, moderate, limited, expert opinion only, and grade not assignable) based on the quality and amount of supporting research evidence. Site users can also explore the NEL A-Z index of diet, nutrition, and food safety issues to obtain systematic review summaries for approximately 100 different topics. More information about the NEL systematic review process, evaluation criteria, and other methodological issues are posted in the Frequently Asked Questions for the NEL site.