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Nylon-PEBA copolymer catheter
Abstracts of patents UK and US patents are prepared by Drs F.R. Jones and Ft. J. Hand of the University of Sheffield, UK
UK PATENTS Composite material (British Aerospace plc, UK) GB 2 235 156 A (27 February 1991) A laminate composite comprises glass cloth outerlayers with an aramid fibre inner lamina. Either of the outer laminae may include carbon fibres. The material is strong and of light weight with good fire resistance. Ceramics (F.C. Payne of UK) GB 2 235 189 A (27 February 1991) A mat of glass fibres is coated with a ceramic slip, dried, either moulded or laminated, and fired. In the resultant procelain, the fibres melt and disappear but a memory of the fibreglass pattern remains. Fibrous composite for absorbing electromagnetic waves (Dornier GmbH, Germany) GB 2 235 586 A (6 March 1991) A load-bearing fibre composite material for the absorption of electromagnetic waves comprises at least three layers which differ in their electromagnetic constants. Each layer may consist of a plurality of fibres. These layers have alternately a high and low electrical conductivity, so that reflection damping is maximized at a given frequency range. The outer layer on which the radiation impinges comprises carbon fibres, metallized fibres or silicon carbide fibres with a high erosion preventative PEEK or PEI coating or polyurethane paint. The middle layer is from aramid, glass or silicon carbide fibres. The innermost layer comprises carbon fibres. Composite friction material for brakes (Akebone Brake Industry Co Ltd, Japan) GB 2 238 754A (12 June 1991) A composite material is based on a thermosetting resin containing a main friction material and high friction component at the surface. A composite material (Short Bros plc, UK) G B 2 238 977A (19June 199/) Two prepreg stacks of high modulus, high strength fibres with overlapping adhesive applied surfaces are crimp fastened mechanically by a series of fasteners. Further layers of resin-impregnated fabric are placed over the fasteners. The whole is placed in a mould tool and vacuum bag autoclave curing used to form the stepped component. The fasteners may be made from metallic alloys or layers of woven and unidirectional fibrous material and may be Z-shaped. A sandwich structure and a method of manufacturing a sandwich structure (Rolls Royce plc, UK) GB 2 239 214 A (26 June 1991) A laminate is described which consists of alternating laminae; a plurality of thin metallic films (e.g., Ni, Ti) or a ceramic; and
476
COMPOSITES.
NOVEMBER
a plurality of thin films of a unidirectional fibre-reinforced glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic matrix (e.g., anorthite or cordierite) composite. The reinforcement can be carbon, boron, silicon carbide, silicon nitride or alumina fibres.
US PATENTS COMPONENTS Nylon-PEBA copolymer catheter Jang, Y.-T., Liebmann, V.L., Villman, G.S. and Amin, S.A. (Mallinckrodt, Inc, St Louis, MO, USA) US Pat 4 898 591 (6 February 19907 An intravascular catheter consists of a tube with a soft, flexible, polymer tubular tip bonded to its end. The tube comprises inner and outer polymer layers with a reinforcing braid between them. The polymers in the tube and the tip include a blend of nylon and a copolymer of ester-linked polyethylene and polyamide. Integral seamless composite bicycle frame (Derujinsky, G., of Durango, CO, USA) US Pat 4 900 048 (13 February 1990) The frame tubing consists of resinimpregnated carbon fibres. The tubes are secured together at the head tube by a plurality of integrally bonded strips of unidirectional carbon fibres. Each strip overlays at least a portion of the top or down tubes and a portion of the head tube and strips are bonded by a high-strength resin to form a high-strength structure. Fibre reinforced pipe flange Bordner, D.W. (Ameron, Inc, Monterey Park, CA, USA) US Pat 4 900 072 (13 February 1990) The flange comprises a nominally flat, circular plate with a circle of bolt holes through it with fibre reinforcement. At least some of the fibres follow a U-shaped path with the ends orientated radially across the circle of bolt holes, whilst the central section extends between the faces of the plate. Pressure formed paperboard tray with orientated polyester film interior Quick, J.R. and Mitchell, J.W. (International Paper Company, Purchase, NY, USA) US Pat 4 900594 (13 February 1990) An ovenable food tray comprises a food contacting inner layer of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate and an outer layer of paperboard. The two layers are held together by a layer of cross-linking adhesive including a cross-linking agent. The whole has an improved resistance to cracking and delamination when exposed to oven temperatures of about 205°C.
1991
Filament reinforced article Doble, G.S. (Airfolk Textron lnc, Lima. OH, USA) US Pat 4 900 599 (13 February 1990) A helical tape consisting of a plurality of reinforcing filaments is bonded in an axially consolidated metallic matrix. The filaments have a relatively high strength and low ductility compared with the matrix. They are continuous along the length of the tape and are substantially free of plastic deformation, as evidenced by cracking or buckling along their length. Composite implant prosthesis Devanathan, T.N.C. (Zimmer, Inc, Warsaw, IN, USA) US Pat 4 902 297 (20 February 1990) The prosthesis has a core comprising a plurality of substantially unidirectional fibres which extend the complete length of the core. A braided material encloses the core over its entire length to form a substantially uniform width, rigid member. The whole is encased in an outer shaped casing. Reinforcing member Cholat-Serpoud, G. and Scherubl, F. (Atomic Ski-fabrik A. Rohrmoser, Wagrain, Austria) US Pat 4 902 548 (20 February 1990) A laminated ski structure includes a resin layer reinforced with non-elastomeric and elastomeric filaments interwoven such that the non-elastomeric filaments are in contact with the resin layer. Prestressed plastic foam structural member Richards, J. and Richards, M. (Wesley Staples, Palatka, FL, USA) US Pat 4 903 446 (27 February 1990) A polymer foam element has at least one tendon that extends from one surface to the other within the element. Means are provided to retain the tendon in tension whilst it is substantially immobile within the foam as it is held by a plurality of anchors that protrude from the tendon. Pre-stresses are thereby generated in the foam element. Concrete footer block and foundation system formed therefrom Adams, F.H. (Adams Products Company, Morrisville, NC, USA) US Pat 4 903 450 (27 February 1990) A concrete wall and foundation system for a building is described which comprises footer blocks each with a cavity that extends tranversely to the longitudinal axis of the block and downward at least into the medial portion of the block. The cavity is open at the top and the sides of the block, and the bottom surface is parallel with the base of the block. A support means for at least one reinforcing element extends across the bottom of the cavity. There is a shoulder on the top of the block which runs parallel to the cavity opening to aid alignment of the wall blocks that are supported on the abutting footer blocks.
UK PATENTS Composite material (British Aerospace plc, UK) GB 2 235 156 A (27 February 1991) A laminate composite comprises glass cloth outerlayers with an aramid fibre inner lamina. Either of the outer laminae may include carbon fibres. The material is strong and of light weight with good fire resistance. Ceramics (F.C. Payne of UK) GB 2 235 189 A (27 February 1991) A mat of glass fibres is coated with a ceramic slip, dried, either moulded or laminated, and fired. In the resultant procelain, the fibres melt and disappear but a memory of the fibreglass pattern remains. Fibrous composite for absorbing electromagnetic waves (Dornier GmbH, Germany) GB 2 235 586 A (6 March 1991) A load-bearing fibre composite material for the absorption of electromagnetic waves comprises at least three layers which differ in their electromagnetic constants. Each layer may consist of a plurality of fibres. These layers have alternately a high and low electrical conductivity, so that reflection damping is maximized at a given frequency range. The outer layer on which the radiation impinges comprises carbon fibres, metallized fibres or silicon carbide fibres with a high erosion preventative PEEK or PEI coating or polyurethane paint. The middle layer is from aramid, glass or silicon carbide fibres. The innermost layer comprises carbon fibres. Composite friction material for brakes (Akebone Brake Industry Co Ltd, Japan) GB 2 238 754A (12 June 1991) A composite material is based on a thermosetting resin containing a main friction material and high friction component at the surface. A composite material (Short Bros plc, UK) G B 2 238 977A (19June 199/) Two prepreg stacks of high modulus, high strength fibres with overlapping adhesive applied surfaces are crimp fastened mechanically by a series of fasteners. Further layers of resin-impregnated fabric are placed over the fasteners. The whole is placed in a mould tool and vacuum bag autoclave curing used to form the stepped component. The fasteners may be made from metallic alloys or layers of woven and unidirectional fibrous material and may be Z-shaped. A sandwich structure and a method of manufacturing a sandwich structure (Rolls Royce plc, UK) GB 2 239 214 A (26 June 1991) A laminate is described which consists of alternating laminae; a plurality of thin metallic films (e.g., Ni, Ti) or a ceramic; and
476
COMPOSITES.
NOVEMBER
a plurality of thin films of a unidirectional fibre-reinforced glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic matrix (e.g., anorthite or cordierite) composite. The reinforcement can be carbon, boron, silicon carbide, silicon nitride or alumina fibres.
US PATENTS COMPONENTS Nylon-PEBA copolymer catheter Jang, Y.-T., Liebmann, V.L., Villman, G.S. and Amin, S.A. (Mallinckrodt, Inc, St Louis, MO, USA) US Pat 4 898 591 (6 February 19907 An intravascular catheter consists of a tube with a soft, flexible, polymer tubular tip bonded to its end. The tube comprises inner and outer polymer layers with a reinforcing braid between them. The polymers in the tube and the tip include a blend of nylon and a copolymer of ester-linked polyethylene and polyamide. Integral seamless composite bicycle frame (Derujinsky, G., of Durango, CO, USA) US Pat 4 900 048 (13 February 1990) The frame tubing consists of resinimpregnated carbon fibres. The tubes are secured together at the head tube by a plurality of integrally bonded strips of unidirectional carbon fibres. Each strip overlays at least a portion of the top or down tubes and a portion of the head tube and strips are bonded by a high-strength resin to form a high-strength structure. Fibre reinforced pipe flange Bordner, D.W. (Ameron, Inc, Monterey Park, CA, USA) US Pat 4 900 072 (13 February 1990) The flange comprises a nominally flat, circular plate with a circle of bolt holes through it with fibre reinforcement. At least some of the fibres follow a U-shaped path with the ends orientated radially across the circle of bolt holes, whilst the central section extends between the faces of the plate. Pressure formed paperboard tray with orientated polyester film interior Quick, J.R. and Mitchell, J.W. (International Paper Company, Purchase, NY, USA) US Pat 4 900594 (13 February 1990) An ovenable food tray comprises a food contacting inner layer of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate and an outer layer of paperboard. The two layers are held together by a layer of cross-linking adhesive including a cross-linking agent. The whole has an improved resistance to cracking and delamination when exposed to oven temperatures of about 205°C.
1991
Filament reinforced article Doble, G.S. (Airfolk Textron lnc, Lima. OH, USA) US Pat 4 900 599 (13 February 1990) A helical tape consisting of a plurality of reinforcing filaments is bonded in an axially consolidated metallic matrix. The filaments have a relatively high strength and low ductility compared with the matrix. They are continuous along the length of the tape and are substantially free of plastic deformation, as evidenced by cracking or buckling along their length. Composite implant prosthesis Devanathan, T.N.C. (Zimmer, Inc, Warsaw, IN, USA) US Pat 4 902 297 (20 February 1990) The prosthesis has a core comprising a plurality of substantially unidirectional fibres which extend the complete length of the core. A braided material encloses the core over its entire length to form a substantially uniform width, rigid member. The whole is encased in an outer shaped casing. Reinforcing member Cholat-Serpoud, G. and Scherubl, F. (Atomic Ski-fabrik A. Rohrmoser, Wagrain, Austria) US Pat 4 902 548 (20 February 1990) A laminated ski structure includes a resin layer reinforced with non-elastomeric and elastomeric filaments interwoven such that the non-elastomeric filaments are in contact with the resin layer. Prestressed plastic foam structural member Richards, J. and Richards, M. (Wesley Staples, Palatka, FL, USA) US Pat 4 903 446 (27 February 1990) A polymer foam element has at least one tendon that extends from one surface to the other within the element. Means are provided to retain the tendon in tension whilst it is substantially immobile within the foam as it is held by a plurality of anchors that protrude from the tendon. Pre-stresses are thereby generated in the foam element. Concrete footer block and foundation system formed therefrom Adams, F.H. (Adams Products Company, Morrisville, NC, USA) US Pat 4 903 450 (27 February 1990) A concrete wall and foundation system for a building is described which comprises footer blocks each with a cavity that extends tranversely to the longitudinal axis of the block and downward at least into the medial portion of the block. The cavity is open at the top and the sides of the block, and the bottom surface is parallel with the base of the block. A support means for at least one reinforcing element extends across the bottom of the cavity. There is a shoulder on the top of the block which runs parallel to the cavity opening to aid alignment of the wall blocks that are supported on the abutting footer blocks.