- Email: [email protected]
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Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior ● Volume 39, Number 4, July/August 2007 Supplement
O21 (continued) intake and meal patterns across categories of having no regular family meals, regular family meals at baseline, regular family meals at follow-up, and regular family meals at both time points. Trends across categories of regular family meals indicated the continuity of regular family meals was positively associated with Time 2 frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner for males (p⬍0.05) and breakfast and dinner for females (p⬍0.05). Among males, the continuity of regular family meals was inversely associated with Time 2 fast food restaurant use (p⬍0.01). The continuity of regular family meals was also positively associated with Time 2 daily intakes of vegetables, calcium-rich foods, fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, folate, vitamins A and B-6 among both genders (p⬍0.05). This study suggests that regular family meals during the transition from early to middle adolescence contribute to the formation of healthy eating habits. Funding was provided by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau and the Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills.
O22 Use of Motivational Interviewing by WIC Nutrition Professionals: Impact on Their Interactions and Perceptions of Clients Janice Goodwin, PhD, RD, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected]; Julie Zikmund, MPH, RD, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive, Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected]; Diana Nastasia, MA, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive, Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected] Motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to be effective in changing behavior in a range of clients/patients but little research has been conducted on its impact on the professionals using MI. The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions WIC nutritionists and dietitians trained in MI with those without such training. Ten WIC nutrition professionals received over 20 hours of training in MI and then used MI with their WIC clients for the next 18 months. A group of 10 WIC nutritionists, serving as controls, continued counseling per their usual approach. Two key interview groups were conducted, one for each group. Qualitative data was coded into general themes. Comparisons, contrasts and commonalities of themes were identified. Both groups felt they provided important services to those in need as well as support and encouragement to their clients. Control staff primarily utilized a one-way process of communication from staff to client; MI staff conceptualized a two-way communication process. Control staff portrayed clients in more negative terms; MI staff described clients in terms of diversity of persons and artic-
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ulated positive aspects of client-counselor relationships. Control staff saw their primary role as providers of resources and referrals to their clients while MI staff considered their role as supportive of their clients connecting nutrition issues to other parts of the client’s life. MI staff appeared more client oriented while control staff focused more on the WIC topics. Results suggest that MI results in staff who are more client-centered. Funded by USDA WIC grant W159-03-033.
O23 Formative Research for the Development of Food Friends Get Movin’ with Movin’ with Mighty Moves Obesity Prevention Program Lisa Caldwell, MS Candidate, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, [email protected]; Laura Bellows, MPH, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected]; Susan M. Gould, PhD, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected]; Jennifer Anderson, PhD, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected] Good nutrition and physical activity are important to the growth and development well-being of young children and to their establishment of healthful lifestyles that prevent childhood overweight. Food Friends is a social marketing campaign aimed at increasing children’s willingness to try new foods. The addition of a comprehensive physical activity component to Food Friends, Mighty Moves, will enhance the program’s overall efforts to establish healthy habits early in life. Formative research with the target audience: children, teachers and parents - has provided critical insight into their wants, needs, and barriers to participating in physical activity. Formative research for Mighty Moves was conducted through: key informant interviews via telephone with teachers (n⫽30) who have implemented the Food Friends program; seven focus groups with parents (n⫽45) at four participating sites (2 urban and 2 rural) in both English and Spanish; and interviews (n⫽114) with Head Start children. Both teachers and parents provided valuable insight into existing practices and barriers. Obstacles for parents focused on time and their need and encouragement to be better role models. Data from the formative evaluation guided the development of Mighty Moves materials. Concepts and graphics were pretested with the audiences. All three audiences liked the superhero concept and graphics. Teachers (n⫽11) provided further input about specific program concepts and design of materials through group discussions. Multiple taglines were pretested with additional parents (n⫽165). The resulting Continued on page S100
O21 (continued) intake and meal patterns across categories of having no regular family meals, regular family meals at baseline, regular family meals at follow-up, and regular family meals at both time points. Trends across categories of regular family meals indicated the continuity of regular family meals was positively associated with Time 2 frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner for males (p⬍0.05) and breakfast and dinner for females (p⬍0.05). Among males, the continuity of regular family meals was inversely associated with Time 2 fast food restaurant use (p⬍0.01). The continuity of regular family meals was also positively associated with Time 2 daily intakes of vegetables, calcium-rich foods, fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc, folate, vitamins A and B-6 among both genders (p⬍0.05). This study suggests that regular family meals during the transition from early to middle adolescence contribute to the formation of healthy eating habits. Funding was provided by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau and the Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills.
O22 Use of Motivational Interviewing by WIC Nutrition Professionals: Impact on Their Interactions and Perceptions of Clients Janice Goodwin, PhD, RD, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected]; Julie Zikmund, MPH, RD, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive, Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected]; Diana Nastasia, MA, Department Nutrition & Dietetics, 221 Centennial Drive, Stop 8237, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, [email protected] Motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to be effective in changing behavior in a range of clients/patients but little research has been conducted on its impact on the professionals using MI. The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions WIC nutritionists and dietitians trained in MI with those without such training. Ten WIC nutrition professionals received over 20 hours of training in MI and then used MI with their WIC clients for the next 18 months. A group of 10 WIC nutritionists, serving as controls, continued counseling per their usual approach. Two key interview groups were conducted, one for each group. Qualitative data was coded into general themes. Comparisons, contrasts and commonalities of themes were identified. Both groups felt they provided important services to those in need as well as support and encouragement to their clients. Control staff primarily utilized a one-way process of communication from staff to client; MI staff conceptualized a two-way communication process. Control staff portrayed clients in more negative terms; MI staff described clients in terms of diversity of persons and artic-
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ulated positive aspects of client-counselor relationships. Control staff saw their primary role as providers of resources and referrals to their clients while MI staff considered their role as supportive of their clients connecting nutrition issues to other parts of the client’s life. MI staff appeared more client oriented while control staff focused more on the WIC topics. Results suggest that MI results in staff who are more client-centered. Funded by USDA WIC grant W159-03-033.
O23 Formative Research for the Development of Food Friends Get Movin’ with Movin’ with Mighty Moves Obesity Prevention Program Lisa Caldwell, MS Candidate, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, [email protected]; Laura Bellows, MPH, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected]; Susan M. Gould, PhD, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected]; Jennifer Anderson, PhD, RD, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, [email protected] Good nutrition and physical activity are important to the growth and development well-being of young children and to their establishment of healthful lifestyles that prevent childhood overweight. Food Friends is a social marketing campaign aimed at increasing children’s willingness to try new foods. The addition of a comprehensive physical activity component to Food Friends, Mighty Moves, will enhance the program’s overall efforts to establish healthy habits early in life. Formative research with the target audience: children, teachers and parents - has provided critical insight into their wants, needs, and barriers to participating in physical activity. Formative research for Mighty Moves was conducted through: key informant interviews via telephone with teachers (n⫽30) who have implemented the Food Friends program; seven focus groups with parents (n⫽45) at four participating sites (2 urban and 2 rural) in both English and Spanish; and interviews (n⫽114) with Head Start children. Both teachers and parents provided valuable insight into existing practices and barriers. Obstacles for parents focused on time and their need and encouragement to be better role models. Data from the formative evaluation guided the development of Mighty Moves materials. Concepts and graphics were pretested with the audiences. All three audiences liked the superhero concept and graphics. Teachers (n⫽11) provided further input about specific program concepts and design of materials through group discussions. Multiple taglines were pretested with additional parents (n⫽165). The resulting Continued on page S100