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O36. Estimation of time since death by single cell gel electrophoresis
198
Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine
correlated with time since death. We are now investigating possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomenon. Design." Using single cell gel electrophoresis we will investigate if either single-stranded or doublestranded breaks in the DNA of the cell nucleus are associated with time since death. Materials and Methods: Tissues from several different organs of 85 kg pigs will be harvested. Single cell suspensions will be prepared from the tissue and placed into agar gel. After applying an electrical current for a short period of time, broken DNA will migrate out of the cell nucleus. After staining with a DNA-specific dye, the relative amount of migrated DNA and the distance migrated can be measured. This will be analysed for a correlation with the true time since death. Results: Previous investigators have shown that double-stranded DNA breaks do not appear for the first 5 days, and our initial results are consistent with their work. Conclusions: Results to date show that single cell electrophoresis does not demonstrate double-stranded DNA breaks for at least the first 48 hours post mortem. We will present new results to 72 hours post mortem for single and double-stranded DNA breakage.
037. Recent advances in radiographic technology and their applications to fracture recognition in homicide investigation M. I. Okoye, D. Kiple, K. J. Reinhard, E. Kimmerle
Pathology Medical Services, BryanLGH Medical Center and University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Results and Conclusion." Our experiences indicate that the advance and refinements of radiographic technology result in more practical, accurate analysis and visualization of fractures in homicide investigations.
038. Value of skull involution and eraniometric characteristics in human age determination S. M. Musayev, V. G. Mammadov, E. Y. Mahmudov
Forensic-Medical Unit of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan In the aims of human age determination by skull investigation we have learned skull involution processes and its sizes characteristics. The basic purpose of our study was the determination of a formula showing correlation between age and other craniometric figures that could be very useful both in forensic-medical identification and anthropology or archeology researches. Azerbaijanians skulls of known sex (68 male and 44 female) and ages (17-64 years old) were studied. Craniometric studies were carried out in accordance with the Moscow Forensic-Medical Institute programme, including 128 features. We did not use passport information about age and sex during assessment of the degree of skull involution. This research is an attempt to improve the results of human age determination on the base of skull. Elaborated methods are used in forensic medical identification during the investigation of putrefied, parted, skeleted bodies and paleontology researches as well. These methods may be used not only for Azerbaijanians' age determination, but also for individuals of South-European race.
Introduction and objective: Over the past 5 years, we have encountered problems in fracture recognition with simple and routine radiographic techniques relative to examination of defleshed bone. The advances in radiographic rechnology, especially with the development of three-dimensional (3-D) computer-aided tomography, are reducing the discrepancy between bone fracture analysis and radiographic analysis. Design and Materials and Methods: We present three case reports that exemplify the use of these recent advances. The first case demonstrates simple X-ray findings with fractures revealed by defleshing a skull. In this analysis, radiographs failed to visualize a large hinge-type fracture of the base of the skull. A second case compares CT-scans with direct examination of the bones. In this case, the CT-scans visualized major fractures but failed to identify hair-line fracture in the nasal region. Finally, a case is presented of 3-D imaging which successfully imaged all types of fractures.
039. Ratio between suicides committed by war refugees and domestic inhabitants A. Bosnar, R. DoN-BaNd, B. Bosnar-Valkovid
Rijeka University School of Medicine, Croatia In this paper examination of the sample of suicides in the town of Rijeka as well in the immediate and distant vicinity in the period from 1991 to 1995 was carried out. The population census of 1991 gives the number of 323 253 inhabitants; 51% of them lives in the town of Rijeka and less than half live in 6 other towns and 28 municipalities. The area mentioned covers 3594 km 2 in the Northwest of the Republic of Croatia. From the total amount of 2111 deaths recorded by the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the examined period, suicides were the cause of death in 340 cases (16%). The average age of suicides was 48.8 years. Male suicides were recorded in 238 cases
Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine
correlated with time since death. We are now investigating possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomenon. Design." Using single cell gel electrophoresis we will investigate if either single-stranded or doublestranded breaks in the DNA of the cell nucleus are associated with time since death. Materials and Methods: Tissues from several different organs of 85 kg pigs will be harvested. Single cell suspensions will be prepared from the tissue and placed into agar gel. After applying an electrical current for a short period of time, broken DNA will migrate out of the cell nucleus. After staining with a DNA-specific dye, the relative amount of migrated DNA and the distance migrated can be measured. This will be analysed for a correlation with the true time since death. Results: Previous investigators have shown that double-stranded DNA breaks do not appear for the first 5 days, and our initial results are consistent with their work. Conclusions: Results to date show that single cell electrophoresis does not demonstrate double-stranded DNA breaks for at least the first 48 hours post mortem. We will present new results to 72 hours post mortem for single and double-stranded DNA breakage.
037. Recent advances in radiographic technology and their applications to fracture recognition in homicide investigation M. I. Okoye, D. Kiple, K. J. Reinhard, E. Kimmerle
Pathology Medical Services, BryanLGH Medical Center and University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
Results and Conclusion." Our experiences indicate that the advance and refinements of radiographic technology result in more practical, accurate analysis and visualization of fractures in homicide investigations.
038. Value of skull involution and eraniometric characteristics in human age determination S. M. Musayev, V. G. Mammadov, E. Y. Mahmudov
Forensic-Medical Unit of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan In the aims of human age determination by skull investigation we have learned skull involution processes and its sizes characteristics. The basic purpose of our study was the determination of a formula showing correlation between age and other craniometric figures that could be very useful both in forensic-medical identification and anthropology or archeology researches. Azerbaijanians skulls of known sex (68 male and 44 female) and ages (17-64 years old) were studied. Craniometric studies were carried out in accordance with the Moscow Forensic-Medical Institute programme, including 128 features. We did not use passport information about age and sex during assessment of the degree of skull involution. This research is an attempt to improve the results of human age determination on the base of skull. Elaborated methods are used in forensic medical identification during the investigation of putrefied, parted, skeleted bodies and paleontology researches as well. These methods may be used not only for Azerbaijanians' age determination, but also for individuals of South-European race.
Introduction and objective: Over the past 5 years, we have encountered problems in fracture recognition with simple and routine radiographic techniques relative to examination of defleshed bone. The advances in radiographic rechnology, especially with the development of three-dimensional (3-D) computer-aided tomography, are reducing the discrepancy between bone fracture analysis and radiographic analysis. Design and Materials and Methods: We present three case reports that exemplify the use of these recent advances. The first case demonstrates simple X-ray findings with fractures revealed by defleshing a skull. In this analysis, radiographs failed to visualize a large hinge-type fracture of the base of the skull. A second case compares CT-scans with direct examination of the bones. In this case, the CT-scans visualized major fractures but failed to identify hair-line fracture in the nasal region. Finally, a case is presented of 3-D imaging which successfully imaged all types of fractures.
039. Ratio between suicides committed by war refugees and domestic inhabitants A. Bosnar, R. DoN-BaNd, B. Bosnar-Valkovid
Rijeka University School of Medicine, Croatia In this paper examination of the sample of suicides in the town of Rijeka as well in the immediate and distant vicinity in the period from 1991 to 1995 was carried out. The population census of 1991 gives the number of 323 253 inhabitants; 51% of them lives in the town of Rijeka and less than half live in 6 other towns and 28 municipalities. The area mentioned covers 3594 km 2 in the Northwest of the Republic of Croatia. From the total amount of 2111 deaths recorded by the Institute of Forensic Medicine in the examined period, suicides were the cause of death in 340 cases (16%). The average age of suicides was 48.8 years. Male suicides were recorded in 238 cases