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Obsessive-compulsive disorder following neurological insult: Two case examples
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Abstracts of 15th Annual Meeting
LD and AD/HD groups on Complex Auditory Verbal Free Recall. Exploratory comparisons on Visual Recognition and Visual Free Recall showed no significant differences. Memory processing was discussed in terms of its differential impact on brain structures involved in the encoding, storage, and retrieval of verbal and nonverbal information. Implications for future research were suggested. Todd, M. E., Levy, J. K., Kevorkian, C. G., & Gouvier, W. D.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Following Neurological Insult: Two Case Examples. Cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) subsequent to traumatic brain injury are relatively rare and have been reported only infrequently (Silver, Hales, & Yudofsky, 1992). This study presents the details of two cases in which the patient experienced symptoms consistent with OCD following differing neurological traumas. Case 1 was an individual who suffered a severe closed head injury in a motor vehicle accident with primarily frontal lobe injury. Case 2 involved an individual who experienced a ruptured aneurysm in the right medial 9xea. Both individuals engaged in compulsive cleaning following their accident, namely excessive hand washing and compulsive house cleaning type activities, respectively. Both individuals were administered full neuropsychological batteries and the data are presented. The relationship between the injured regions and previous research regarding OCD following brain trauma is discussed, with implications regarding a focal site of OCD.
Triister, A. I., Fields, J. A., Paolo, A. M., & Koller, W. C. Verbal Memory in Parkinson's Disease With and Without Depression: Comparisons and Contrasts With Alzheimer's Disease. Depression is a risk factor for dementia in Parkinson's disease, but how depression influences verbal memory in Parkinson's disease has not been empirically investigated. If Parkinson's disease and depression both involve subcortical pathophysiology, one might expect depression to exacerbate the verbal memory impairment in PD, but the pattern of impairment to remain distinguishable from that observed in Alzheimer's disease. This study compared the performances on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) of 46 Parkinson's disease without depression (PD), 46 Parkinson's disease with depression (PDD), and 46 normal control (NC) participants matched for demographic and disease variables, as appropriate. The PDD group's impairment on 11 of 27 CVLT variables was more pronounced than that of the PD group, but the PDD group demonstrated a unique impairment on only four variables. The CVLT profiles of both groups indicated their verbal memory difficulties to be attributable to a retrieval deficit. When PD and PDD groups were also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment, depression was seen to primarily affect rate of learning and immediate recall. Comparison of the CVLT profiles of PDD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) groups matched for demographics and overall severity of dementia revealed the two groups' profiles to be distinguishable. The AD group demonstrated more rapid forgetting, made more intrusion errors, and benefitted less than the PDD group from the provision of a recognition relative to a free recall format. Overall, results indicate that depression exacerbates the verbal memory impairment of PD by influencing primarily rate of learning and immediate recall. The verbal learning and memory profiles of PD and AD correspond to those previously identified as characteristic of basal ganglia and cortical dementias, respectively.
Truebiood, W., & Binder, L. M. Psychologists' Accuracy in Identifying Malingered Neuropsychological Test Protocols. Psychologists' accuracy in identifying malingerered neuropsychological test protocols was studied. Four hundred forty psychologists randomly selected from national directories (e.g.,
Abstracts of 15th Annual Meeting
LD and AD/HD groups on Complex Auditory Verbal Free Recall. Exploratory comparisons on Visual Recognition and Visual Free Recall showed no significant differences. Memory processing was discussed in terms of its differential impact on brain structures involved in the encoding, storage, and retrieval of verbal and nonverbal information. Implications for future research were suggested. Todd, M. E., Levy, J. K., Kevorkian, C. G., & Gouvier, W. D.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Following Neurological Insult: Two Case Examples. Cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) subsequent to traumatic brain injury are relatively rare and have been reported only infrequently (Silver, Hales, & Yudofsky, 1992). This study presents the details of two cases in which the patient experienced symptoms consistent with OCD following differing neurological traumas. Case 1 was an individual who suffered a severe closed head injury in a motor vehicle accident with primarily frontal lobe injury. Case 2 involved an individual who experienced a ruptured aneurysm in the right medial 9xea. Both individuals engaged in compulsive cleaning following their accident, namely excessive hand washing and compulsive house cleaning type activities, respectively. Both individuals were administered full neuropsychological batteries and the data are presented. The relationship between the injured regions and previous research regarding OCD following brain trauma is discussed, with implications regarding a focal site of OCD.
Triister, A. I., Fields, J. A., Paolo, A. M., & Koller, W. C. Verbal Memory in Parkinson's Disease With and Without Depression: Comparisons and Contrasts With Alzheimer's Disease. Depression is a risk factor for dementia in Parkinson's disease, but how depression influences verbal memory in Parkinson's disease has not been empirically investigated. If Parkinson's disease and depression both involve subcortical pathophysiology, one might expect depression to exacerbate the verbal memory impairment in PD, but the pattern of impairment to remain distinguishable from that observed in Alzheimer's disease. This study compared the performances on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) of 46 Parkinson's disease without depression (PD), 46 Parkinson's disease with depression (PDD), and 46 normal control (NC) participants matched for demographic and disease variables, as appropriate. The PDD group's impairment on 11 of 27 CVLT variables was more pronounced than that of the PD group, but the PDD group demonstrated a unique impairment on only four variables. The CVLT profiles of both groups indicated their verbal memory difficulties to be attributable to a retrieval deficit. When PD and PDD groups were also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment, depression was seen to primarily affect rate of learning and immediate recall. Comparison of the CVLT profiles of PDD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) groups matched for demographics and overall severity of dementia revealed the two groups' profiles to be distinguishable. The AD group demonstrated more rapid forgetting, made more intrusion errors, and benefitted less than the PDD group from the provision of a recognition relative to a free recall format. Overall, results indicate that depression exacerbates the verbal memory impairment of PD by influencing primarily rate of learning and immediate recall. The verbal learning and memory profiles of PD and AD correspond to those previously identified as characteristic of basal ganglia and cortical dementias, respectively.
Truebiood, W., & Binder, L. M. Psychologists' Accuracy in Identifying Malingered Neuropsychological Test Protocols. Psychologists' accuracy in identifying malingerered neuropsychological test protocols was studied. Four hundred forty psychologists randomly selected from national directories (e.g.,