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On slip surface and slope stability analysis
6~A
c a l a~d h c ~ i z o n t a l s t r a i n s i n t h e zone o f f a i l u r e a r e measured, u s i ~ s o i l a ~ a i n g a g e s , a r ~ t h e che~ge o f stresses in that zone durimg f a i l ~ is estimated ~ a special s t r m i n - f l ~ test, p e r f c ~ in a triaxial c~ll. Auth.
6~9 H~,PJ UNIV .MELBOURRE, AUS Behavio~r of steel piles udder lateral load amd ,~,-ent. 6F, IT, TR. 21~D AUS-N. Z. CONF. GEGMECH, ~ I SBA~, I~75, INS~ •ENGRS, AUS. NAT. CONF. IW/BL.NO.75/~, Flg0-19~. This paper contains the results of tests o n two f u l l y embedded hollow steel piles that had been I n s ~ n t e d with electric resistam~e M n m l n g a ~ s . Both ~md mmsent amd lateral loads were applied to these piles, heed displacement, hea~ rotation a~d the d~trlbutlon of he,dAng s~raina a l o ~ the pile belmg measured. T~e loa~ deflection b e h a v i ~ was non-linear with s~4~mificant time depeadent deflections. This creep behaviour immreased with inereasl~ load. The pile m o i l behavic~r has been a n a l ysed in terms of an equivalent Wlmkler medium amd the nonlinear b e h a v i o ~ accounted for by a reduction in the stlffneas modulus. R e a s e m b l e agreement was o b t a i n e d h e t ween the m e a m E o d b e = L i ~ m~nents surl deflected shape a~d that predicted by an itarative non-linese anelysis. Auth.
650 PA/~C~N,AK DONALD, IB Imveati~atlons for rock socketted piles in Melbourne mxlstone. 6F, 23R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CONF .GEOM~CH,~RXSRAI~ 1975~ INS~ .EI~;RS~
ADS.NAT .CO~ .FO~L.~. 7~/~,m-9~-200. The proposod J ~ , ~ o n Street Bridge has called for some of the ~eepest rock-sccket-~e~ foundations yet used in Melbourne; Properties of the ~ s t o n c , as revealed in laboratory tests, a r e discussed, together with some current c o n c e d e o f s o c k e t d e s i g n . Auth.
651 TEX~0C~ Pile fou~latiena. In Russian. Refs. MOSCOW.NAUCH.I S ~ n . I N ~ . 0SlaV. PC~EM. ~ N ,
of s e t t l e m e n t are evaluated. It is concl~ed that Skempton-B~mmm~ method a~d the Davis-Poulos method see best fer practical use. Auth.
Slopes See a l s o abstract: 645. 654 C~,WF SNITHHAN, N On slip surface stud slope stability amalysis. SOILS F O ~ , V 1 5 , NS, 1975, P~I-~9. The p a p e r p r e s e n t s a s l o p e s t a b i l i t y a n s l y s i s u s i ~ t h e method o f v s e l a t i o m l c a l c u l u s t o d s t e r m i n s a i ~ l t a n e o u s l y t h e shape and normal s t r e s s d i s t r i ~ n x t i o n of t h e most c r i t i c a l s l i p s ~ r f a c e . F o r a h e r i z o n t a l s l o p e o f u~ifcm~m s o i l t h e most c r i t i c a l s l i p s u r f a c e was fou~l t o be a logarithmic s p i r a l w i t h an a ~ l e e q u a l t o t h e friction amgle of the soil. 655 H A ~ , JG RII~OLS, B~ BA~G~, PR SOft rock e~ineseimg in the central Nc~-th Islamd of N ~ Zealamd. 4F,15R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CONF. GEOMECH, BRISEad~, 1975, INS~.ENGRS, AUS. ~A~. CO~.PU~L. NO.~/4, P201- 2~. Approximately one-thlrd of the area of the North Island of New Z e a l a n d i s farmed f r ~ n s o f t s e d i m e n t a r y r o c k s of T e r t i a r y age. The g e o l o g i c a l s e t ~ i ~ of t h e s e s o f t r o c k s is outlinsd, together with some aspects of their emgineerimg geology. A ~rief description is given c~ an active landslide which continues to affect the North Islar~ Main Trunk Railway. A more detailed description is given of a 25 m deep c u t ~ i ~ and a 50 m h i g h r a i l w a y e m b ~ n t c u r r e n t l y u~der c o n s t r u c t i o n . Q u e s t i o n s r a i s e d i n c l u d e a n apparent discre1~ncy between the (low) strengths measured in the laboratory on sieved r e c c m l ~ e d saDdstone~siltstones, and the satisfactory performance of existir~ embankments. Auth.
Ta~Y, v6~, 1~75, z~SP. HAWS,ET FURLEY,AE S~ne c a s e h i s t o r i e s o f coml~xter a p p l i c a ~ i o u s t o f~ttons. 3F, 10R.
656 MCMAHON,~ Probability of faille and expected v o l ~ of failure i n h i g h r o c k s l o p e s . 6F,1T,4R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CO]F .GEOMECH,~ISBANE, I~75, INS~.ENGRS,
A~S. ~.~.~m~.No.7~/~,
~o8-3~3.
653
Long ~ rock slopes such as those obtained in large open pit mimes ere excavated in a series of lifts. Slope failures can occur by slidl~ a l O e . fractures, c~ combications of fra~ures, at ar~ stage in the slopes' history. Procedures for calculatimg the probability of "operational failures", defined as failures above a certain size, add %he expecte~ vol~m=es of such failures are presented. Procedures are also given for calculating the percentage of %he area of a major slope affected by operatioml regulation. In projects where significant risk of failure can be accel~ed~ the optimum s l o p e is t h e one where t h e p r e s e n t v a l u e of t h e initial e x c a v a t i o n p l u s t h e e x p e c t e d c o s t s r e s u l t i n g from failures are a miriam. Auth.
PILE, KC Correlation between actual and predicted settlements for a large test footi~. ~F,~T,~R. 21~D AUS- N.Z. CONF. G E C ~ , ~ R X S ~ , i~75, INST.EI~RS, AUS. NAT. CONF. ~ . N0.75/~, F297-302 • A field l o a d i ~ test on a 3'9" square test footing founded at a depth of 9'10" on a s a t u r s t e d silty clay strata i s d e s c r i b e d . S e t t l e m e n t s o f each corner o f the footir~ are reported dtwim~ icadir~ unloedimg stud re-loadi~. The r e s u l t s o f ~ o r y s o i l t e s t s a r e u s e d t o compute s e t , smelts by four different methods. Field penetromet e r d a t a i s also presented a ~ l used t o e s t i m s t e footl~g behavic~r. A c t ~ l anl pre~icte~ settlements are ccm;ered, and the merits of the different methods fc~ estimation
~MAA~L, RH Special instability problems in t h e Illawsera anl warrir~ah ~ e areas of New South Wales. IOF,3T, gR. 2ND AUS-N. Z.CONF . ( ~ , ~RIS~ I ~ 5 ~INST .EI~S, AUS, NAT. CONF. Pt~L. NO.75/~, P319-325. The stability of several areas of the Illswarra and Warrir~ah Shire in New So~th Wales ere e~aminsd with a view to d e m o n s t r a t t ~ t h e similarity ~etween the very large r a ~ of earth movements which have occured in these regions. The similarity in the type and mechanism of fail~res in these two h e s v l l y pop u l a t e d areas is believed to stem free a special gee-
AUS. NAT.COnF. P~L. NO. 75/k, F2~3-257. T h i s p a p e r d e s c r i b e s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f ecmlm/timg techniques t o t h e ane.lyais o f a deep a n c h o r e d r e t a i n i ~ w a l l , fountations fer a very ~ m-lti-ster~ t o w e r fowxled on piles, a series of large ~mder~roumd excavations amd fouDdatlons for a mass c o ~ ~ravi%y dam. Three of the four examples involve %he use of finite element techniques a~d the basis of this method is outlined with recent advemces in modelli~ some complex geometries ar~ loa~i~ com~itions. Auth.
657
c a l a~d h c ~ i z o n t a l s t r a i n s i n t h e zone o f f a i l u r e a r e measured, u s i ~ s o i l a ~ a i n g a g e s , a r ~ t h e che~ge o f stresses in that zone durimg f a i l ~ is estimated ~ a special s t r m i n - f l ~ test, p e r f c ~ in a triaxial c~ll. Auth.
6~9 H~,PJ UNIV .MELBOURRE, AUS Behavio~r of steel piles udder lateral load amd ,~,-ent. 6F, IT, TR. 21~D AUS-N. Z. CONF. GEGMECH, ~ I SBA~, I~75, INS~ •ENGRS, AUS. NAT. CONF. IW/BL.NO.75/~, Flg0-19~. This paper contains the results of tests o n two f u l l y embedded hollow steel piles that had been I n s ~ n t e d with electric resistam~e M n m l n g a ~ s . Both ~md mmsent amd lateral loads were applied to these piles, heed displacement, hea~ rotation a~d the d~trlbutlon of he,dAng s~raina a l o ~ the pile belmg measured. T~e loa~ deflection b e h a v i ~ was non-linear with s~4~mificant time depeadent deflections. This creep behaviour immreased with inereasl~ load. The pile m o i l behavic~r has been a n a l ysed in terms of an equivalent Wlmkler medium amd the nonlinear b e h a v i o ~ accounted for by a reduction in the stlffneas modulus. R e a s e m b l e agreement was o b t a i n e d h e t ween the m e a m E o d b e = L i ~ m~nents surl deflected shape a~d that predicted by an itarative non-linese anelysis. Auth.
650 PA/~C~N,AK DONALD, IB Imveati~atlons for rock socketted piles in Melbourne mxlstone. 6F, 23R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CONF .GEOM~CH,~RXSRAI~ 1975~ INS~ .EI~;RS~
ADS.NAT .CO~ .FO~L.~. 7~/~,m-9~-200. The proposod J ~ , ~ o n Street Bridge has called for some of the ~eepest rock-sccket-~e~ foundations yet used in Melbourne; Properties of the ~ s t o n c , as revealed in laboratory tests, a r e discussed, together with some current c o n c e d e o f s o c k e t d e s i g n . Auth.
651 TEX~0C~ Pile fou~latiena. In Russian. Refs. MOSCOW.NAUCH.I S ~ n . I N ~ . 0SlaV. PC~EM. ~ N ,
of s e t t l e m e n t are evaluated. It is concl~ed that Skempton-B~mmm~ method a~d the Davis-Poulos method see best fer practical use. Auth.
Slopes See a l s o abstract: 645. 654 C~,WF SNITHHAN, N On slip surface stud slope stability amalysis. SOILS F O ~ , V 1 5 , NS, 1975, P~I-~9. The p a p e r p r e s e n t s a s l o p e s t a b i l i t y a n s l y s i s u s i ~ t h e method o f v s e l a t i o m l c a l c u l u s t o d s t e r m i n s a i ~ l t a n e o u s l y t h e shape and normal s t r e s s d i s t r i ~ n x t i o n of t h e most c r i t i c a l s l i p s ~ r f a c e . F o r a h e r i z o n t a l s l o p e o f u~ifcm~m s o i l t h e most c r i t i c a l s l i p s u r f a c e was fou~l t o be a logarithmic s p i r a l w i t h an a ~ l e e q u a l t o t h e friction amgle of the soil. 655 H A ~ , JG RII~OLS, B~ BA~G~, PR SOft rock e~ineseimg in the central Nc~-th Islamd of N ~ Zealamd. 4F,15R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CONF. GEOMECH, BRISEad~, 1975, INS~.ENGRS, AUS. ~A~. CO~.PU~L. NO.~/4, P201- 2~. Approximately one-thlrd of the area of the North Island of New Z e a l a n d i s farmed f r ~ n s o f t s e d i m e n t a r y r o c k s of T e r t i a r y age. The g e o l o g i c a l s e t ~ i ~ of t h e s e s o f t r o c k s is outlinsd, together with some aspects of their emgineerimg geology. A ~rief description is given c~ an active landslide which continues to affect the North Islar~ Main Trunk Railway. A more detailed description is given of a 25 m deep c u t ~ i ~ and a 50 m h i g h r a i l w a y e m b ~ n t c u r r e n t l y u~der c o n s t r u c t i o n . Q u e s t i o n s r a i s e d i n c l u d e a n apparent discre1~ncy between the (low) strengths measured in the laboratory on sieved r e c c m l ~ e d saDdstone~siltstones, and the satisfactory performance of existir~ embankments. Auth.
Ta~Y, v6~, 1~75, z~SP. HAWS,ET FURLEY,AE S~ne c a s e h i s t o r i e s o f coml~xter a p p l i c a ~ i o u s t o f~ttons. 3F, 10R.
656 MCMAHON,~ Probability of faille and expected v o l ~ of failure i n h i g h r o c k s l o p e s . 6F,1T,4R. 2ND AUS-N. Z. CO]F .GEOMECH,~ISBANE, I~75, INS~.ENGRS,
A~S. ~.~.~m~.No.7~/~,
~o8-3~3.
653
Long ~ rock slopes such as those obtained in large open pit mimes ere excavated in a series of lifts. Slope failures can occur by slidl~ a l O e . fractures, c~ combications of fra~ures, at ar~ stage in the slopes' history. Procedures for calculatimg the probability of "operational failures", defined as failures above a certain size, add %he expecte~ vol~m=es of such failures are presented. Procedures are also given for calculating the percentage of %he area of a major slope affected by operatioml regulation. In projects where significant risk of failure can be accel~ed~ the optimum s l o p e is t h e one where t h e p r e s e n t v a l u e of t h e initial e x c a v a t i o n p l u s t h e e x p e c t e d c o s t s r e s u l t i n g from failures are a miriam. Auth.
PILE, KC Correlation between actual and predicted settlements for a large test footi~. ~F,~T,~R. 21~D AUS- N.Z. CONF. G E C ~ , ~ R X S ~ , i~75, INST.EI~RS, AUS. NAT. CONF. ~ . N0.75/~, F297-302 • A field l o a d i ~ test on a 3'9" square test footing founded at a depth of 9'10" on a s a t u r s t e d silty clay strata i s d e s c r i b e d . S e t t l e m e n t s o f each corner o f the footir~ are reported dtwim~ icadir~ unloedimg stud re-loadi~. The r e s u l t s o f ~ o r y s o i l t e s t s a r e u s e d t o compute s e t , smelts by four different methods. Field penetromet e r d a t a i s also presented a ~ l used t o e s t i m s t e footl~g behavic~r. A c t ~ l anl pre~icte~ settlements are ccm;ered, and the merits of the different methods fc~ estimation
~MAA~L, RH Special instability problems in t h e Illawsera anl warrir~ah ~ e areas of New South Wales. IOF,3T, gR. 2ND AUS-N. Z.CONF . ( ~ , ~RIS~ I ~ 5 ~INST .EI~S, AUS, NAT. CONF. Pt~L. NO.75/~, P319-325. The stability of several areas of the Illswarra and Warrir~ah Shire in New So~th Wales ere e~aminsd with a view to d e m o n s t r a t t ~ t h e similarity ~etween the very large r a ~ of earth movements which have occured in these regions. The similarity in the type and mechanism of fail~res in these two h e s v l l y pop u l a t e d areas is believed to stem free a special gee-
AUS. NAT.COnF. P~L. NO. 75/k, F2~3-257. T h i s p a p e r d e s c r i b e s t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f ecmlm/timg techniques t o t h e ane.lyais o f a deep a n c h o r e d r e t a i n i ~ w a l l , fountations fer a very ~ m-lti-ster~ t o w e r fowxled on piles, a series of large ~mder~roumd excavations amd fouDdatlons for a mass c o ~ ~ravi%y dam. Three of the four examples involve %he use of finite element techniques a~d the basis of this method is outlined with recent advemces in modelli~ some complex geometries ar~ loa~i~ com~itions. Auth.
657