On 2S'ugaraf~'om the Seeleel Pear~
18"/
~ontain the water to be heated, and are connected together: at both ends by horizontal tubes or pipes. The supply of water is forced into the vertical chambers by a force pump lhr0ugh the horizontal ~ubes at the bottom~ and from the upper horizontal tubes, the steam is passed by a pipe off to the engine. The inner {ubes, or flues, form a complete passage for the heated air, from the furnace crosswise through horiT.ontal tubes, and throughout the larger cylindrical chambers from end to end; the whole ap]paratus is surrounded by a casing of metal, by which the heated air ~s also made to pass up through the spaces between the outsides of tiae lar~er eylindrical chamber; whereby the water contained in them is exposed (o a very much extended surface of heated metal, on both the insides and outsides of the cylindrical chambers. The patentees state, that they do not limif their claim of invention to any precise form, as the tubes, or vessels, may be elliptical, or of any other convenient form whicb would answer the purpose ; but they claim as their invention the placing of an inner flue, or tube, for the escape of the l~,eated air, or gas, arising from the fire inside a large," tube or vessel, in a perpendicular position~ the said in~er flues running through the inside of the larger tube, or vessel, and out at ttae top, tile larger vessel being also placed in aperpendieular position. [ Lond. Jour.
On Sugar from the Seckel Pear. ~The following.communication from Mr. Brasier to the College of Pharmacy, was deemed of such importance as to be referred to a committee, whose able and detailed report we also have the pleasure of laying before our readers. Should experiments on a large scale rove equally satisfactory as those of Mr. Brasier, the,'e can be but ,tie doubt of the great value (ff this fruit in the manufacture of sugar. Tile greatest drawback to its extended propagation for this purpose is the time required for the tree to come to maturity, thouglb when an orchard has once ,-cached the bearing age, the expense of procuring the sugar from the fruit will be incomparably less than that incurred either in the cultivation of the cane or of beet roots. W e trust in the course of tile ensuing year to present the results of further experiments on this subject, and we would suggest to such of ou," readers as have the opportunity, the value of comparative examinations of the juice of various other varieties of the same fruit.]
Philadelphia, October ~Oth, 1831. The remarkable sweetness of the Seckel pears, which are cultivated at the country residence of my fatller, induced me to attempt to obtain sugar fi-om them. In 18~26~ I commenced experimenting on them, with a view of separating the saccharine matter they contained: after treating the juice with lime, I concentrated it until its boiling point stood at ~230° Fahrenheit, (the degree required for crys-