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On the electrical resistance of liquid helium
Physica III, no 8
Augustus 1936
ON THE ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF LIQUID HELIUM by 1\1. WOLFE:E and W. H. KEESOM Communication no. 242/ from the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory at Lciden
Summary The specific electrical resistance of liquid helium was found from 1.28°l( to 4.22°l( to be at least 10" n em.
The electrical resistance of liquid helium had not been investigated accurately before. When one of us (W.) and K arne r lin g h On n e s 1) made the first measurements of the dielectric constant of liquid helium, they made a rapid measurement of the electrical conductivity in behalf of a control to the condenser. It seemed as if liquid helium was feebly conducting, a value of about 101o.Q em being found for the specific electric resistance. Also a feeble tendency to smaller values of the dielectric polarization of He II, calculated by one of us (\V.) 2) from our later measurements of the dielectric constant of liquid helium 3), seemed to point to a small electrical conductivity of He II. We therefore concluded to consider this question more closely. The electrical circuit included the liquid helium within a condenser suspended in a cryostat, a battery of 247 V and a galvanometer. When all errors of isolation were eliminated it appeared that in the whole temperature range from 4.22° to 1.28°K, including the lambda-point 2.19°K, the galvanometer did not show a measurable deflection. As a deflection of 0.1 mm would have been noted, we can, by considering the dimensions of the condenser, calculate an inferior limit for the specific electrical resistance of the liquid helium. We found a value of the order or magnitude 1015 .Q cm. Received July 15, 1936.
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823-
824
ON THE ELECTRICAL RESISTAKCE OF LIQUID HELIU)I
REFEREXCES I) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e and H. K a in e r 1 i n g h 0 nne s. Commun. Kamerlingh Ormes Lab., Leiden no. 171c; Versl, kon, Akad. Amsterdam :la, 696, 1924. 2) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e. Ann. Acad, Sci. techno Varsovie 1936. 3) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e and \Y. H. K e e s 0 m. Cornmun. Kamerlingh Ormes Lab., Leiden no. 192a; Proc. roy. Acad. Amsterdam a t , 800, 1923.
Augustus 1936
ON THE ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF LIQUID HELIUM by 1\1. WOLFE:E and W. H. KEESOM Communication no. 242/ from the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory at Lciden
Summary The specific electrical resistance of liquid helium was found from 1.28°l( to 4.22°l( to be at least 10" n em.
The electrical resistance of liquid helium had not been investigated accurately before. When one of us (W.) and K arne r lin g h On n e s 1) made the first measurements of the dielectric constant of liquid helium, they made a rapid measurement of the electrical conductivity in behalf of a control to the condenser. It seemed as if liquid helium was feebly conducting, a value of about 101o.Q em being found for the specific electric resistance. Also a feeble tendency to smaller values of the dielectric polarization of He II, calculated by one of us (\V.) 2) from our later measurements of the dielectric constant of liquid helium 3), seemed to point to a small electrical conductivity of He II. We therefore concluded to consider this question more closely. The electrical circuit included the liquid helium within a condenser suspended in a cryostat, a battery of 247 V and a galvanometer. When all errors of isolation were eliminated it appeared that in the whole temperature range from 4.22° to 1.28°K, including the lambda-point 2.19°K, the galvanometer did not show a measurable deflection. As a deflection of 0.1 mm would have been noted, we can, by considering the dimensions of the condenser, calculate an inferior limit for the specific electrical resistance of the liquid helium. We found a value of the order or magnitude 1015 .Q cm. Received July 15, 1936.
-
823-
824
ON THE ELECTRICAL RESISTAKCE OF LIQUID HELIU)I
REFEREXCES I) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e and H. K a in e r 1 i n g h 0 nne s. Commun. Kamerlingh Ormes Lab., Leiden no. 171c; Versl, kon, Akad. Amsterdam :la, 696, 1924. 2) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e. Ann. Acad, Sci. techno Varsovie 1936. 3) )1. \Y 0 1 f k e and \Y. H. K e e s 0 m. Cornmun. Kamerlingh Ormes Lab., Leiden no. 192a; Proc. roy. Acad. Amsterdam a t , 800, 1923.