Operation of PEM fuel cell

The metallic

foil interconnects

in this SOFC need

stack

for glass seals and

the

matching

expansion

thermal

used

eliminate

between

The invention

satisfies the need for

efficient

support

and

access

multiple

fuel cells by providing

common

structure

and

allowing

the stacks to

access of multiple cells in stacks.

be subjected

to rapid

temperature

Patent number: US 6110612

without

cracking.

recovery

bed

This

patent

Here the use of an open cell lattice

direct

as the basis of the fuel gas catalyst

methanol)

fuel cell system,

bed

improves

the rate of alcohol

a

lightweight catalyst

very

and

compact,

bed with excellent

through

water

high-surface-area gas flow-

recovery

condensing

without

and

for

a

(e.g. which

a

US 6110613

Patent number: WO 00149671

Applicant: Reveo Inc, USA A highly

stack to its operating

conductive,

polymer-based is described,

Alloy container

This

iron

aluminide

containment

alloy

improved

corrosion temperatures

resistance in

oxidising

and

environ-

reducing

FuelCell Energy)

and

reformers

and

internally

reform

fuel inlet

and

to

output,

fuel, the fuel cells’

heating

the stack.

cells

adapted

arranged

on

one

enclosed

by

a sealing

with

the

system

stack

reformer

arranged

the manifold

outlet face

fuel entirely

and

Electrochemical autothermal reformer

(EATR)

fuel,

and

Here series-connected

eliminate

cells cannot while

cause

a failure

fuel cells are in parallel

short-circuiting

so

by the fuel

autothermal eliminates

impurities

the input to

such as

hydrocarbon

almost

of any defective cells.

Patent number: WO 00149673

gas.

Applicant: Dais-Analytic,

of PEM fuel cell

comprise

a

Applicant: Siemens, Germany

sulfonated

statistical

This process for driving

styrene

cell

system

mode

offers

an

for a compressor

improved

dynamics

rapid load changes,

a PEM fuel operating

for brief

and for

vehicle propulsion. Patentnumber:US

6110611

USA membranes which

hydrogenated

electro-

catalytically

Applicant: Plug Power, USA

hydrocarbon

containing

calcined with

and

a metal-

(Cu, Ni) salt solution.

Patent number: WO 00152780

and

be

DMFC

reduced

by

from

the

catalyst

active layer.

Patent number: WO 00152775

of

Flexible gas distribution Applicant: FZ Jiilich, Germany The patent

catalyst

describes

a two-part

describes

a structure

for

gas over the electrodes,

where the structure

thermal

and

PEM

the

USA (Argonne)

ation

of can

for changes

portions

layer,

and

copolymer

Partial oxidation

- comprising

YSZ

impregnated

are

to form a

of

into multi-layer

cost

Applicant: University of Chicago, patent

fibres

cells.

distributing

This

then

a

with

removing

Patent number: US 6110616

Common access and stack support

@I

with

compositions

electrodes

and butadiene.

catalyst

zircon

Fuel cell electrode

to achieve

in particular

dry

Applicant: FZ Jiilich, Germany

membrane

Low-cost ion-conducting

of

for use with

Patent number: WO 00152085

Patent number: US 6110615

Ion-conducting

for preparation

impurities

for fuel cells are described,

Operation

ionomers

The

automatic

porous

be

is for melt-forming

conductive

chemical

completely

CO and other

from the product

This process the

a short-circuit,

allows

membranes

materials

reformer

anode

conductivity.

USA

Applicant: FZ Jiilich, Germany

generated

into

can

Ion-conductive

cells

to diodes

processed

that

Applicant: DuPont,

from

current

polymers

fuel

of SOFC anode

hydrocarbons,

relates to sulfonated,

aromatic

including

USA

Applicant: Axiva GmbH, Germany The invention

fuel

handheld

Patent number: WO 00/5 1716

USA

electrochemical

devices, and delivery.

mixed with YSZ powder

Power Corporation, This

electric storage

Preparation

Sulfonated aromatic polymer membranes

Applicant: Niagara Mohawk

sulfur

connected

over-

use with

In this method

delivery

and this face.

for

USA a portable

Applicant: Gas Research Institute,

for a longer service life.

h’rg h proton

need to remove

that

the electrical

without

unit

describes

at both

between

Patent number: WO 00149672

Series-connected

are

are

manifold,

temperature.

power supply

an SOFC

Patent number: US 6110614

the fuel reformers’

fuel inlet and reformate

of the

Patent number: WO 00152779

carbonate

passages

to increase

current

SOFC

elevated

or solid oxide fuel cells, the anode

structured

effect-

start-up

Patent number: WO 00152778

cell

vessel has significantly

Applicant: ERC, USA (now fuel

temperature to ensure

during

The patent

USA

Patent number: US 6114058

containing

regions,

Portable

Applicant: Siemens Westinghouse

ments,

assembly

with

for SOFCs

Electric power generation

In this

melting

ive sealing

Applicant: BG Plc, UK

gas

lower

Solid gel membrane

Internal reforming with simplified fuel feed

cathode

a multi-comptape with higher

carbonate

Power Corporation,

and

using

In this design for molten

has

electrolyte

Applicant: Motorola,

heat exchanger.

Patent number:

characteristics.

system alcohol

recovery,

MCFC

osition

an alcohol

and

aqueous

This

Patent number: WO 00/5 1198

describes

Applicant: IFC, USA

water

yield.

much higher ionic conductivity

Applicant: IFC, USA

gives

a high hydrogen

Patent number: US 6110861

solid gel membrane

Alcohol/water

Patent number: US 6106967

Compact catalyst

to produce

a

for support

components,

variations

to

can compensate

in length

caused

by

factors.

Patent number: WO 00152777

dehydrogen-

oxide-ion - for partially

conducting oxidising

fuels such as gasoline

Sealing of MCFC matrix Applicant: Institute of Gas Technology,

USA

Fuel Cells Bulletin No. 31