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Ophthalmic Examinations
364
EDITORIALS
methods of attack, very much the same ized hypodermically for optic atrophy damage has been done to the combat- following concussions without „rnateants. rial injuries. Much was said of the Again, as Dr. Spalding points out, early or late operations for traumatic the value of the eye, even a single eye, cataract, and first aid bandages, covered to the warrior, has been recognized in with aseptic ointments, for protecting legend and history, in tapestry, and orbital, eyelid, or other injuries, were painting. The eyes of the fabled Argus utilized in military surgery at this arc a prohpecy of the modern army time." with its observation service. It is exDr. Spalding goes still more extentremely interesting to trace, as Dr. sively into the lessons that have been Wood has done (p. 220 of this volume) learned since 1914, and especially the and as Dr. Spalding does in his ad- limitations of the value of our usual dress, the history of the eye in previous tests for visual acuity, color vision, and wars. the equilibrium of aviators. He also Dr. Spalding cites Baron Larrey takes up the reeducation and provision with regard to the Napoleonic wars. for the war-blinded. His own study of eye injuries during His interesting address fully estabthe American Revolution and the War lishes the claim thus expressed, "Withof 1812 reveals nothing more serious out detailing a hundredth part of all than burns of the eyelids and eye from that might be said concerning the eyes flashings of powder from old-fashioned in war, let me here reiterate the main flintlock muskets or from bits of flint idea of this paper that from time imitself." In the American Civil War, memorial the eyes have been injured in the number of cases of sympathetic quarrels of all sorts, and that as such ophthalmia was notable. Many eyes injuries occurred, methods of defense were injured by buckshot, and shell ex- were invented. In spite, however, of plosions began to figure as an import- all that we can do, injuries will occur; ant cause. so that the study of their cure will forIn the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 ever be worth the efforts of the keenophthalmology was recognized as a est minds in medicine." special branch of surgery. "Soldiers K. J. with eye injuries were for the first time carried to the rear and put in charge of OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATIONS. ophthalmic surgeons. The left eye was hit more often than the right, due, as The American Board for Ophthalmic was surmized, to the better protection Examinations will hold its next examfurnished to the right eye by the butt ination at the Wills Eye Hospital, Philof the rifle. It was now observed that adelphia, 3 P. M., Friday, June 6, 1919. if an eye suppurated after an injury, it This examination will be the fifth to was much less likely to induce sympa- be conducted by the Board. The Board thetic ophthalmia than if insidiously in- is composed of representatives of the flamed. Sutures were also now first American Ophthalmological Society, utilized for sewing over extensive in- the Section on Ophthalmology of the juries of the sclera, and with unlooked- American Medical Association, and the for good results, many an enucleation Academy of Ophthalmology and Otobeing thus avoided. A man of whom Iaryngology. By arrangement with the I lately heard, lost the sight of an eye American College of Surgeons, the totally, the bullet lodging in the orbit Board has become the Ophthalmic Creand only being removed at death, thirty dentials Committee of the College, and years later. In another instance, a sol- conducts the examinations of the ophdier was hit in the right eye, without thalmic candidates for Fellowship in apparent injury, but could afterward the College. 'see but half of objects with this eye.' For a certificate of this Board, the Dynamite and gun cotton explosive in- examination in ophthalmology consists juries were studied, and strychnia util- of first, case records; second, written
EDITORIALS
examinations; and third, clinical laboratory and oral examinations, or so much thereof as may be adjudged necessary: (a.) Candidates in ophthalmology are required to submit twenty-five complete case records of which not more than ten should be descriptive of operations. These records should be of cases of ocular diseases and defects of varied character, including errors of refraction or muscle balance; external ocular diseases or diseases of the uveal tract or retina, or of the optic nerve, or glaucoma. The reports should show especially the reasons for the diagnosis, and for the operative treatment and the technic of operations in operative cases. (b.) The written examination will test the candidate's knowledge of the underlying principles of the science of ophthalmology,, including anatomy, embryology, physiology, physiologic optics, pathology, relations of' the eye to the other organs and diseases of the body. (c.) The oral examination will ineluclc: The external examination of the e ye. Ophthalmoscopy (candidates are requested to bring their own ophthalmoscopes). Measurement of errors of refraction. Testing of the ocular movements and fields of vision. Relations of ocular conditions to diseases of other parts of the body and their treatment. Laboratory examination in his™loKy, pathology, and bacteriology of tlie eye. Further information may be had upon request from the Secretary, Dr. William H. Wilder, 122 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. SOCIETY MEETINGS. The annual meeting of the Ophthal'"ological Society of the United Kingdom, Great Britain and Ireland was held this year, May 1-3. 7 fie Societe Franchise d'Ophtalmologie resumed its series of annual meet>ngs at Paris, May 5th. Dr. F. Terrien made the report on the special subject jor discussion on X-Ray and Radium >n Ophthalmology.
365
The following meetings will be held : Section on Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, Atlantic City, New Jersey, June 9-13. American Ophthalmological Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, June 13-17. Oxford Ophthalmological Congress, Oxford, England, July 10-12. Pacific Coast Oto-Ophtlialmic Society, San Francisco, California, August 4-6. The Colorado Congress to be held August 4th and 5th will this year include both ophthalmic and oto-laryngologic papers and discussions. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, Cleveland, Ohio, September 1-3. BOOK NOTICES Atlas of Military Ophthalmology (Atlas der Kriegsaugenheilkunde samt begleitendem T e x t ) , by Prof. A. von Szily, Freiburg, i. Br.; large Svo.; pp. 195-354, 2d part; plates XVI to XLV1I. F. Enke, Stuttgart, 1917; also numerous black and while illustrations in the text; 20 marks. This is the second of the proposed three sec.tions of von Szily's Atlas, the first one having been published early in 1917, reaching this country some six months ago. The final one advertised for issue also during 1917 has not yet appeared. The text of the first part of this excellently planned monograph is divided into four chapters; the present part carries the work to the eleventh chapter. The fifth chapter is concerned with gross lesions of the eye associated, of necessity, with other extensive wounds. Two of the accompaniments of these large traumatisms are enophthalmus and exophthalmus, a subject begun in the first part of the Atlas and ended in the second. Shrapnel wounds of the face, of the walls of the neighboring cavities and of the skull (with ocular injuries), are the commonest examples. These are well illustrated in the text and the treatment—especially in the surgical conduct of the cases—
EDITORIALS
methods of attack, very much the same ized hypodermically for optic atrophy damage has been done to the combat- following concussions without „rnateants. rial injuries. Much was said of the Again, as Dr. Spalding points out, early or late operations for traumatic the value of the eye, even a single eye, cataract, and first aid bandages, covered to the warrior, has been recognized in with aseptic ointments, for protecting legend and history, in tapestry, and orbital, eyelid, or other injuries, were painting. The eyes of the fabled Argus utilized in military surgery at this arc a prohpecy of the modern army time." with its observation service. It is exDr. Spalding goes still more extentremely interesting to trace, as Dr. sively into the lessons that have been Wood has done (p. 220 of this volume) learned since 1914, and especially the and as Dr. Spalding does in his ad- limitations of the value of our usual dress, the history of the eye in previous tests for visual acuity, color vision, and wars. the equilibrium of aviators. He also Dr. Spalding cites Baron Larrey takes up the reeducation and provision with regard to the Napoleonic wars. for the war-blinded. His own study of eye injuries during His interesting address fully estabthe American Revolution and the War lishes the claim thus expressed, "Withof 1812 reveals nothing more serious out detailing a hundredth part of all than burns of the eyelids and eye from that might be said concerning the eyes flashings of powder from old-fashioned in war, let me here reiterate the main flintlock muskets or from bits of flint idea of this paper that from time imitself." In the American Civil War, memorial the eyes have been injured in the number of cases of sympathetic quarrels of all sorts, and that as such ophthalmia was notable. Many eyes injuries occurred, methods of defense were injured by buckshot, and shell ex- were invented. In spite, however, of plosions began to figure as an import- all that we can do, injuries will occur; ant cause. so that the study of their cure will forIn the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 ever be worth the efforts of the keenophthalmology was recognized as a est minds in medicine." special branch of surgery. "Soldiers K. J. with eye injuries were for the first time carried to the rear and put in charge of OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATIONS. ophthalmic surgeons. The left eye was hit more often than the right, due, as The American Board for Ophthalmic was surmized, to the better protection Examinations will hold its next examfurnished to the right eye by the butt ination at the Wills Eye Hospital, Philof the rifle. It was now observed that adelphia, 3 P. M., Friday, June 6, 1919. if an eye suppurated after an injury, it This examination will be the fifth to was much less likely to induce sympa- be conducted by the Board. The Board thetic ophthalmia than if insidiously in- is composed of representatives of the flamed. Sutures were also now first American Ophthalmological Society, utilized for sewing over extensive in- the Section on Ophthalmology of the juries of the sclera, and with unlooked- American Medical Association, and the for good results, many an enucleation Academy of Ophthalmology and Otobeing thus avoided. A man of whom Iaryngology. By arrangement with the I lately heard, lost the sight of an eye American College of Surgeons, the totally, the bullet lodging in the orbit Board has become the Ophthalmic Creand only being removed at death, thirty dentials Committee of the College, and years later. In another instance, a sol- conducts the examinations of the ophdier was hit in the right eye, without thalmic candidates for Fellowship in apparent injury, but could afterward the College. 'see but half of objects with this eye.' For a certificate of this Board, the Dynamite and gun cotton explosive in- examination in ophthalmology consists juries were studied, and strychnia util- of first, case records; second, written
EDITORIALS
examinations; and third, clinical laboratory and oral examinations, or so much thereof as may be adjudged necessary: (a.) Candidates in ophthalmology are required to submit twenty-five complete case records of which not more than ten should be descriptive of operations. These records should be of cases of ocular diseases and defects of varied character, including errors of refraction or muscle balance; external ocular diseases or diseases of the uveal tract or retina, or of the optic nerve, or glaucoma. The reports should show especially the reasons for the diagnosis, and for the operative treatment and the technic of operations in operative cases. (b.) The written examination will test the candidate's knowledge of the underlying principles of the science of ophthalmology,, including anatomy, embryology, physiology, physiologic optics, pathology, relations of' the eye to the other organs and diseases of the body. (c.) The oral examination will ineluclc: The external examination of the e ye. Ophthalmoscopy (candidates are requested to bring their own ophthalmoscopes). Measurement of errors of refraction. Testing of the ocular movements and fields of vision. Relations of ocular conditions to diseases of other parts of the body and their treatment. Laboratory examination in his™loKy, pathology, and bacteriology of tlie eye. Further information may be had upon request from the Secretary, Dr. William H. Wilder, 122 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. SOCIETY MEETINGS. The annual meeting of the Ophthal'"ological Society of the United Kingdom, Great Britain and Ireland was held this year, May 1-3. 7 fie Societe Franchise d'Ophtalmologie resumed its series of annual meet>ngs at Paris, May 5th. Dr. F. Terrien made the report on the special subject jor discussion on X-Ray and Radium >n Ophthalmology.
365
The following meetings will be held : Section on Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, Atlantic City, New Jersey, June 9-13. American Ophthalmological Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, June 13-17. Oxford Ophthalmological Congress, Oxford, England, July 10-12. Pacific Coast Oto-Ophtlialmic Society, San Francisco, California, August 4-6. The Colorado Congress to be held August 4th and 5th will this year include both ophthalmic and oto-laryngologic papers and discussions. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, Cleveland, Ohio, September 1-3. BOOK NOTICES Atlas of Military Ophthalmology (Atlas der Kriegsaugenheilkunde samt begleitendem T e x t ) , by Prof. A. von Szily, Freiburg, i. Br.; large Svo.; pp. 195-354, 2d part; plates XVI to XLV1I. F. Enke, Stuttgart, 1917; also numerous black and while illustrations in the text; 20 marks. This is the second of the proposed three sec.tions of von Szily's Atlas, the first one having been published early in 1917, reaching this country some six months ago. The final one advertised for issue also during 1917 has not yet appeared. The text of the first part of this excellently planned monograph is divided into four chapters; the present part carries the work to the eleventh chapter. The fifth chapter is concerned with gross lesions of the eye associated, of necessity, with other extensive wounds. Two of the accompaniments of these large traumatisms are enophthalmus and exophthalmus, a subject begun in the first part of the Atlas and ended in the second. Shrapnel wounds of the face, of the walls of the neighboring cavities and of the skull (with ocular injuries), are the commonest examples. These are well illustrated in the text and the treatment—especially in the surgical conduct of the cases—