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OPL020 Hughlings Jackson plans a research project
$50
Oral Platform Abstracts
Monday, November 7, 2005
F r o m the first descriptions of myasthenia gravis (MG) in the late 19th century, speculation about the cause of M G h a s centered on the possibility of some curare-like factor circulating in the blood. The transfer of transient myasthenic symptoms from a myasthenic mother to her newborn reinforced tiffs speculation. However, it was not until 1960, when William N a s t u k and co-workers noted that serum complement correlated with the clinical course in Mg, and A r t h u r Strauss and colleagues described anti-skeletal muscle antibodies in the sera of some M G patients, that a paradigm shift occurred from prior exclusive focus on the neuromuscular junction to a broader consideration of the relevance of immunological mechanisms in myasthenia. These findings coincided with an even greater scientific revolution pioneered by Macfarlane Burner towards cell-mediated and away from chemical immunology. The dominant immunological question of the decade 1955-1965, however, was whether h u m a n autoinmmne diseases actually existed. During the next decade, 1965-1975, various diseases were accepted as being autoinmmne in character, and although comparatively rare, M G became prominent a m o n g them because of a known antigen--the acetylcholine receptor--and an excellent experimental model.
of modernism is the viewing this subject as an unity with unique feature calling all patient as " M S " m e a n s all have similar outcome and medicine tells tiffs by self confidence as if knowing all the truth. Actually differences between patients is more than similarities. In stroke modernism is in soplffsticated technological progresses without statistically proved results. "Natural death" died m a n y years ago in Neurology textbooks but unfortunately people continue this undigested and undefined activity - death! In modern medicine m a n should not die unless by medical fault! In dementia one unquestioned philosoplffcal problem is: treating a person who does not feel disease!!? In neuromuscular disease yet we have some diseases we do not know how m a n y truth is in them - TOS, Tarsal tunnel syn, Pronator teres syn . . . . . . . . . . Modernism is time o f certainty and in certainty we need not philosophy but the era after that - postmodern - is the time of bright uncertainty and because of tiffs medicine needs plfflosophy!
OPL020 Hugldings Jackson plans a reSeardl project
Background: Gesture, language and speech are important neurological functions. South India is full of beautiful temples- small as well as large. Each temple is generally dedicated to one G o d or Goddess, to invoke Bakthi (Devotion) in the devotees. Methods and Results: The walls of a temple as well as the G o p u r a (Tower) are inlaid or carved with figures depicting a story; the h a n d s of the figures depict the language by a gesture. Temples that exist today are about 1000 to 2500 years old; most of the older ones have been lost due to ravages of time. The gesture by the hand or h a n d s found in the temples has been perpetuated in India by a dance form called Bharathanatya (dance of the land of Bharatha). Each gesture is called a " M u d r a " , series of Mudras, facial expressions, rhythins made by the tapping of feet and accompanying music, vocal and instrumental, m a k e the dance express the language and also emotions. Several temples were studied in relation to the above subject. The study yielded deep insight of the Mudras. Conclusion: Thought, language and speech are important cognitive functions of the brain. In Ancient India (Vedic period), language and speech were tfighly developed and thus valuable thoughts and concepts were developed. The M u d r a is one aspect o f the language and wisdom of ancient India.
Swash, M 1, Evans, j1. :Royal London Hospital, London, UK In 1893 Jackson, in the first four of a series of papers in the Lancet, under the general title Neurological Fragments, described his observations on the eyelids and pupils in two cases of progressive external ophthalmoplegia. He confirmed Mendel's hypothesis that the levator component of the orbicalaris ocali is innervated by fibres from the third nerve, rather than the facial nerve, and addressed the innervation of the constrictor and dilator muscles of the pupils. His instructions to his house physician, Dr Wood, written on July 10 1893 regarding tiffs investigation have survived. Front these notes, we identified Case 2 of the Lancet report (JC) through the diagnostic index for 1893 at The London Hospital. Jackson transferred JC to Queen Square, where the relevant in-patient records have survived. The results of this clinical investigation were discussed by Jackson with his colleagues, Waren Tay, Marcus G u n n , William Gowers, James Ferrier, Henry Head and others. Jackson and Hawkes tested the effect of cocaine on JC's pupils at the London Hospital. Dr W o o d repeated tiffs experiment at Queen Square and tested the effect of Faradic stimulation on the peri-ocular muscles. This evidence illustrates Jackson's methods, his detailed knowledge of contemporary literature and his utilisation of new techniques. Modern neurologists will be glad to learn that JC was discharged, cured, after a hospitalization of more than 6 months.
OPL02I Neurology in transition through modernis~n (a philosophical overview) Zamani, B. lran University Of Medical Sciences At the beginning of 21 st. century it seems that medicine and specially neurology is passing from metanarratives of m o d e r n time and entering in a situation that in philosophy is called "post m o d e r n " but in medicine this term m e a n s less certainty and more reality. After being free from old believes of medieval period "doctor wisdom" growed more and more and with modern spirits they thought that medial science will solve all problems and doctor as an artist can solve every problem and reach diagnosis. In more m o d e r n period post modern we found many of these ideas h a d been subjective. N o w at the beginning of 21 century it seems some lights of objectivity are growing over medicine, science is growing n o t only in its length but also in its depth question is n o t " h o w m a n y things we know" but " h o w far we can be sure that this tiring is truth?" It seems medicine and especially neurology will be written and classified reverse from enzsane and genetics to sign and ssanptom !! In multiple sclerosis the main feature
OPL022 Gesture Language in South Indian Temples Pranesh, M, Prakash, B. PSG Institute Of Medical Sciences And
Research
OPL023 Neurological Caricatures by Honor6 Datunier (1808-1879)
Lorusso, L. M. Mellini Hospital, Chiari, Italy" In France the artist Honor~ Daumier followed the great tradition of English caricature of the 19tt~ century represented by William Hogarth, T h o m a s Rowlandson, James Gillray and Cruikshank Family. Daumier gives us a p a n o r a m a of France under Louis-Philippe, the Second Empire, and he was clffefly struck by those aspects of politicians, magistrates, business m e n and doctors. The beginning of the 19ta century was the golden period of the Medical caricature. Honor~ Daurnier purged quackery with h u m o u r . He attacked faker, frauds and faddist while upholding the good physicians. He described medical practice and was influenced by Neuro-psyclffatric that found in France the beginning of the m o d e r n neurology a n d the development of psychotherapy. Daunffer was involved in Neuro-psyclffatry for the collaboration of the nephew, Dr Pinel, who was in charge of a clinic for nervous mental diseases at Chaillot and he was author of works on mental diseases. Dr Pniel given suggestions for neurological caricatures for example 'Headache" that was published on satirical newspaper 'Le Charivari' in 1833. Also by a coloured lithograph Daumier interpreted the controversial medical application of memerism followed the publication and popularization of the theories of the
Oral Platform Abstracts
Monday, November 7, 2005
F r o m the first descriptions of myasthenia gravis (MG) in the late 19th century, speculation about the cause of M G h a s centered on the possibility of some curare-like factor circulating in the blood. The transfer of transient myasthenic symptoms from a myasthenic mother to her newborn reinforced tiffs speculation. However, it was not until 1960, when William N a s t u k and co-workers noted that serum complement correlated with the clinical course in Mg, and A r t h u r Strauss and colleagues described anti-skeletal muscle antibodies in the sera of some M G patients, that a paradigm shift occurred from prior exclusive focus on the neuromuscular junction to a broader consideration of the relevance of immunological mechanisms in myasthenia. These findings coincided with an even greater scientific revolution pioneered by Macfarlane Burner towards cell-mediated and away from chemical immunology. The dominant immunological question of the decade 1955-1965, however, was whether h u m a n autoinmmne diseases actually existed. During the next decade, 1965-1975, various diseases were accepted as being autoinmmne in character, and although comparatively rare, M G became prominent a m o n g them because of a known antigen--the acetylcholine receptor--and an excellent experimental model.
of modernism is the viewing this subject as an unity with unique feature calling all patient as " M S " m e a n s all have similar outcome and medicine tells tiffs by self confidence as if knowing all the truth. Actually differences between patients is more than similarities. In stroke modernism is in soplffsticated technological progresses without statistically proved results. "Natural death" died m a n y years ago in Neurology textbooks but unfortunately people continue this undigested and undefined activity - death! In modern medicine m a n should not die unless by medical fault! In dementia one unquestioned philosoplffcal problem is: treating a person who does not feel disease!!? In neuromuscular disease yet we have some diseases we do not know how m a n y truth is in them - TOS, Tarsal tunnel syn, Pronator teres syn . . . . . . . . . . Modernism is time o f certainty and in certainty we need not philosophy but the era after that - postmodern - is the time of bright uncertainty and because of tiffs medicine needs plfflosophy!
OPL020 Hugldings Jackson plans a reSeardl project
Background: Gesture, language and speech are important neurological functions. South India is full of beautiful temples- small as well as large. Each temple is generally dedicated to one G o d or Goddess, to invoke Bakthi (Devotion) in the devotees. Methods and Results: The walls of a temple as well as the G o p u r a (Tower) are inlaid or carved with figures depicting a story; the h a n d s of the figures depict the language by a gesture. Temples that exist today are about 1000 to 2500 years old; most of the older ones have been lost due to ravages of time. The gesture by the hand or h a n d s found in the temples has been perpetuated in India by a dance form called Bharathanatya (dance of the land of Bharatha). Each gesture is called a " M u d r a " , series of Mudras, facial expressions, rhythins made by the tapping of feet and accompanying music, vocal and instrumental, m a k e the dance express the language and also emotions. Several temples were studied in relation to the above subject. The study yielded deep insight of the Mudras. Conclusion: Thought, language and speech are important cognitive functions of the brain. In Ancient India (Vedic period), language and speech were tfighly developed and thus valuable thoughts and concepts were developed. The M u d r a is one aspect o f the language and wisdom of ancient India.
Swash, M 1, Evans, j1. :Royal London Hospital, London, UK In 1893 Jackson, in the first four of a series of papers in the Lancet, under the general title Neurological Fragments, described his observations on the eyelids and pupils in two cases of progressive external ophthalmoplegia. He confirmed Mendel's hypothesis that the levator component of the orbicalaris ocali is innervated by fibres from the third nerve, rather than the facial nerve, and addressed the innervation of the constrictor and dilator muscles of the pupils. His instructions to his house physician, Dr Wood, written on July 10 1893 regarding tiffs investigation have survived. Front these notes, we identified Case 2 of the Lancet report (JC) through the diagnostic index for 1893 at The London Hospital. Jackson transferred JC to Queen Square, where the relevant in-patient records have survived. The results of this clinical investigation were discussed by Jackson with his colleagues, Waren Tay, Marcus G u n n , William Gowers, James Ferrier, Henry Head and others. Jackson and Hawkes tested the effect of cocaine on JC's pupils at the London Hospital. Dr W o o d repeated tiffs experiment at Queen Square and tested the effect of Faradic stimulation on the peri-ocular muscles. This evidence illustrates Jackson's methods, his detailed knowledge of contemporary literature and his utilisation of new techniques. Modern neurologists will be glad to learn that JC was discharged, cured, after a hospitalization of more than 6 months.
OPL02I Neurology in transition through modernis~n (a philosophical overview) Zamani, B. lran University Of Medical Sciences At the beginning of 21 st. century it seems that medicine and specially neurology is passing from metanarratives of m o d e r n time and entering in a situation that in philosophy is called "post m o d e r n " but in medicine this term m e a n s less certainty and more reality. After being free from old believes of medieval period "doctor wisdom" growed more and more and with modern spirits they thought that medial science will solve all problems and doctor as an artist can solve every problem and reach diagnosis. In more m o d e r n period post modern we found many of these ideas h a d been subjective. N o w at the beginning of 21 century it seems some lights of objectivity are growing over medicine, science is growing n o t only in its length but also in its depth question is n o t " h o w m a n y things we know" but " h o w far we can be sure that this tiring is truth?" It seems medicine and especially neurology will be written and classified reverse from enzsane and genetics to sign and ssanptom !! In multiple sclerosis the main feature
OPL022 Gesture Language in South Indian Temples Pranesh, M, Prakash, B. PSG Institute Of Medical Sciences And
Research
OPL023 Neurological Caricatures by Honor6 Datunier (1808-1879)
Lorusso, L. M. Mellini Hospital, Chiari, Italy" In France the artist Honor~ Daumier followed the great tradition of English caricature of the 19tt~ century represented by William Hogarth, T h o m a s Rowlandson, James Gillray and Cruikshank Family. Daumier gives us a p a n o r a m a of France under Louis-Philippe, the Second Empire, and he was clffefly struck by those aspects of politicians, magistrates, business m e n and doctors. The beginning of the 19ta century was the golden period of the Medical caricature. Honor~ Daurnier purged quackery with h u m o u r . He attacked faker, frauds and faddist while upholding the good physicians. He described medical practice and was influenced by Neuro-psyclffatric that found in France the beginning of the m o d e r n neurology a n d the development of psychotherapy. Daunffer was involved in Neuro-psyclffatry for the collaboration of the nephew, Dr Pinel, who was in charge of a clinic for nervous mental diseases at Chaillot and he was author of works on mental diseases. Dr Pniel given suggestions for neurological caricatures for example 'Headache" that was published on satirical newspaper 'Le Charivari' in 1833. Also by a coloured lithograph Daumier interpreted the controversial medical application of memerism followed the publication and popularization of the theories of the