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Opposite role of fractalkine and inflammatory mediators on the behavioral and biochemical changes in brain: link to depression
IOP 2016
117
integrity of prefrontal regions. Also, associations between behavioral performance and data from voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) revealed a critical role of prefrontal regions in value integration and strategic decisions for SOIS. Furthermore, as shown by measures of brain dynamics and related sources during the task, SOIS was predicted by anticipatory activity (alpha/beta oscillations with sources in fronto-temporal regions) associated with expectations about others’ decisions. This pattern was reduced in all clinical groups, with greater impairments for bvFTD and FL than AD. Finally, fMRI connectivity analysis highlighted a fronto-temporo-parietal network involved in successful SOIS, with selective compromise of long-distance connections in frontal disorders (bvFTD and FL). In sum, this work provides unprecedented evidence of convergent behavioral and neurocognitive signatures of strategic social bargaining in different lesion models. Our findings offer new insights into the critical roles of frontal hubs and associated temporo-parietal networks for strategic social negotiation. [Work partially supported by CONICET, CONICYT/FONDECYT Regular (1130920), COLCIENCIAS (1115-54531374 and 1115-569-33858), FONCyT-PICT 2012-0412, FONCyT-PICT 2012-1309, FONDAP 15150012, and INECO Foundation].
a more distributed component between cerebral hemispheres with a left lateralization. Our results suggest there was an additional recruitment of neural resources in the happy faces, condition that facilitated the behavioral performance in both groups. Furthermore, the different lateralization of the P300 between groups could reflect changes in brain connectivity possibly related to the T1DM onset during the development, as a different utilization of neural resources between both groups to achieve an efficient behavioral performance.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.347
Current data reveal that early adverse life experiences may affect the developmental processes of the brain and can be involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders including depression. Special interest in the last decades has received the influence of stress during pregnancy. Stressful experience during prenatal period can cause permanent behavioral and biochemical changes in offspring. It has been highlighted that prenatal stress activates the immune response in the central nervous system. On the other hand, recent results show important role of chemokine namely fractalkine (CX3CL1) in the neuron-microglia interactions and consequently in the modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors release in the brain. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the impact of fractalkine (CX3CL1) on the evoked by prenatal stress procedure behavioral and biochemical changes in adult offspring. Adult 3-months old rats offspring (control and prenatally stressed), after behavioral verification (forced swim west; FST), received intracerebroventricularly (icv) injections with exogenous fractalkine. After the treatment, we evaluated time-dependent effects of fractalkine administration on the behavioral parameters in FST, elevated plus-maze test and novel object recognition test (NOR). Moreover, we measured the changes in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the two brain areas: hippocampus and frontal cortex that play an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders after both prenatal stress and fractalkine treatment. Our data show that prenatal stress causes depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring. Interestingly, 7-9 days after fractalkine treatment the behavioral disturbances evoked by prenatal stress procedure were normalized, as evidenced not only by FST but also elevated plus maze test. Contrary, there was no effect of prenatal stress or exogenous fractalkine administration in NOR test. Furthermore prenatal stress procedure leads to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Interestingly, treatment with fractalkine attenuated the evoked by stress over-production of inflammatory factors mainly in the frontal cortex. Summing up, our study shows that the changes in the brain fractalkine signaling may play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression. Importantly, the biological function of the chemokine at least partially is related with its modulatory effect on the production of inflammatory factors in the brain. This research was supported by grant no. 2013/09/B/ NZ7/04096, NCN, Poland.
154 Facial emotional recognition differences in patients with type-1 diabetes while performing a visuospatial working memory task An ERP study Patricia Duarte-Rosasa, Geisa B. Gallardo-Morenoa, Maribel PeróCebollerob, Joan Guardia-Olmosb, Andrés A. González-Garridoa a Instituto de Neurociencias de la Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico b Departamento de Metodología de les Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic early-onset disease that affects brain function and therefore, alters cognitive processes that are not fully developed before the age of the disease onset. The inefficient energy supply to neurons could cause a different adaptive organization that may be necessary to allow T1DM patients to develop functional information processing abilities. The goal of the present study was to assess the effect of implicit recognition of neutral and happy faces while performing a spatial working memory task with simultaneous EEG recording. The sample consisted of 15 right-handed participants with early-onset T1DM, without medical complications related to the illness, with normal IQ and 15 healthy young participants strictly matched by gender, age and years of education. Semi-randomized sequences consisting of neutral or happy faces stimuli were presented in 8 possible different spatial locations on the screen. After a short delay, a second sequence consisting of the same facial stimuli was presented and subjects had to press a key with the index finger if the stimuli were presented in inverse order with respect to the spatial location. They were instructed to press another key with the middle finger, if the second sequence was arranged otherwise. The behavioral data did not show significant differences on the performance between groups, although the T1DM group showed a tendency to respond with higher reaction times than control subjects did. The ERP results show that both groups exhibited higher P300 amplitude on the happy faces condition than in the neutral faces condition. However, disregarding the facial affect, the T1DM participants showed a higher latency in the P3 component, and a right hemisphere lateralization; whereas, the healthy subjects exhibited
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.348
200 Opposite role of fractalkine and inflammatory mediators on the behavioral and biochemical changes in brain: link to depression Agnieszka Basta-Kaim, Joanna Slusarczyk, Bogusława Budziszewska, Monika Leśkiewicz, Marta Kubera, Ewa Trojan, Katarzyna Chamera, Katarzyna Głombi Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.349
117
integrity of prefrontal regions. Also, associations between behavioral performance and data from voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) revealed a critical role of prefrontal regions in value integration and strategic decisions for SOIS. Furthermore, as shown by measures of brain dynamics and related sources during the task, SOIS was predicted by anticipatory activity (alpha/beta oscillations with sources in fronto-temporal regions) associated with expectations about others’ decisions. This pattern was reduced in all clinical groups, with greater impairments for bvFTD and FL than AD. Finally, fMRI connectivity analysis highlighted a fronto-temporo-parietal network involved in successful SOIS, with selective compromise of long-distance connections in frontal disorders (bvFTD and FL). In sum, this work provides unprecedented evidence of convergent behavioral and neurocognitive signatures of strategic social bargaining in different lesion models. Our findings offer new insights into the critical roles of frontal hubs and associated temporo-parietal networks for strategic social negotiation. [Work partially supported by CONICET, CONICYT/FONDECYT Regular (1130920), COLCIENCIAS (1115-54531374 and 1115-569-33858), FONCyT-PICT 2012-0412, FONCyT-PICT 2012-1309, FONDAP 15150012, and INECO Foundation].
a more distributed component between cerebral hemispheres with a left lateralization. Our results suggest there was an additional recruitment of neural resources in the happy faces, condition that facilitated the behavioral performance in both groups. Furthermore, the different lateralization of the P300 between groups could reflect changes in brain connectivity possibly related to the T1DM onset during the development, as a different utilization of neural resources between both groups to achieve an efficient behavioral performance.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.347
Current data reveal that early adverse life experiences may affect the developmental processes of the brain and can be involved in the pathogenesis of many psychiatric disorders including depression. Special interest in the last decades has received the influence of stress during pregnancy. Stressful experience during prenatal period can cause permanent behavioral and biochemical changes in offspring. It has been highlighted that prenatal stress activates the immune response in the central nervous system. On the other hand, recent results show important role of chemokine namely fractalkine (CX3CL1) in the neuron-microglia interactions and consequently in the modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors release in the brain. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the impact of fractalkine (CX3CL1) on the evoked by prenatal stress procedure behavioral and biochemical changes in adult offspring. Adult 3-months old rats offspring (control and prenatally stressed), after behavioral verification (forced swim west; FST), received intracerebroventricularly (icv) injections with exogenous fractalkine. After the treatment, we evaluated time-dependent effects of fractalkine administration on the behavioral parameters in FST, elevated plus-maze test and novel object recognition test (NOR). Moreover, we measured the changes in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the two brain areas: hippocampus and frontal cortex that play an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders after both prenatal stress and fractalkine treatment. Our data show that prenatal stress causes depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring. Interestingly, 7-9 days after fractalkine treatment the behavioral disturbances evoked by prenatal stress procedure were normalized, as evidenced not only by FST but also elevated plus maze test. Contrary, there was no effect of prenatal stress or exogenous fractalkine administration in NOR test. Furthermore prenatal stress procedure leads to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Interestingly, treatment with fractalkine attenuated the evoked by stress over-production of inflammatory factors mainly in the frontal cortex. Summing up, our study shows that the changes in the brain fractalkine signaling may play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression. Importantly, the biological function of the chemokine at least partially is related with its modulatory effect on the production of inflammatory factors in the brain. This research was supported by grant no. 2013/09/B/ NZ7/04096, NCN, Poland.
154 Facial emotional recognition differences in patients with type-1 diabetes while performing a visuospatial working memory task An ERP study Patricia Duarte-Rosasa, Geisa B. Gallardo-Morenoa, Maribel PeróCebollerob, Joan Guardia-Olmosb, Andrés A. González-Garridoa a Instituto de Neurociencias de la Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico b Departamento de Metodología de les Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic early-onset disease that affects brain function and therefore, alters cognitive processes that are not fully developed before the age of the disease onset. The inefficient energy supply to neurons could cause a different adaptive organization that may be necessary to allow T1DM patients to develop functional information processing abilities. The goal of the present study was to assess the effect of implicit recognition of neutral and happy faces while performing a spatial working memory task with simultaneous EEG recording. The sample consisted of 15 right-handed participants with early-onset T1DM, without medical complications related to the illness, with normal IQ and 15 healthy young participants strictly matched by gender, age and years of education. Semi-randomized sequences consisting of neutral or happy faces stimuli were presented in 8 possible different spatial locations on the screen. After a short delay, a second sequence consisting of the same facial stimuli was presented and subjects had to press a key with the index finger if the stimuli were presented in inverse order with respect to the spatial location. They were instructed to press another key with the middle finger, if the second sequence was arranged otherwise. The behavioral data did not show significant differences on the performance between groups, although the T1DM group showed a tendency to respond with higher reaction times than control subjects did. The ERP results show that both groups exhibited higher P300 amplitude on the happy faces condition than in the neutral faces condition. However, disregarding the facial affect, the T1DM participants showed a higher latency in the P3 component, and a right hemisphere lateralization; whereas, the healthy subjects exhibited
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.348
200 Opposite role of fractalkine and inflammatory mediators on the behavioral and biochemical changes in brain: link to depression Agnieszka Basta-Kaim, Joanna Slusarczyk, Bogusława Budziszewska, Monika Leśkiewicz, Marta Kubera, Ewa Trojan, Katarzyna Chamera, Katarzyna Głombi Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.349