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Optimal work-rest schedules under prolonged vibration
534
HUMAN RESPONSE TO VIBRATION
100 cps at a constant amplitude. Each S was exposed to each vibration frequency and also to a no-vibration control condition. Results showed a significant decrease in steadiness following exposure to vibration but no differential decrement as a function of frequency. Topics: PerformanceEffects (Psychomotor); Limb Vibration. R. A. Dudek, M. M. Ayoub and M. A: EI-Nawawi 1973 Ergonomics 16, 469-479. Optimal work-rest schedules under prolonged vibration. (11 pages, 10 figures, 36 references) Authors" Abstract. This research was conducted for the purpose of studying the performance and recovery characteristics of men when subjected to low-level, whole-body vertical sinusoidal vibration for durations of one to two hours. Several male subjects performed a vertical compensaior~,'iracking task using a CRT display according to three work-rest schedules under both normal and vibratory environments. The yib/-atory environment was that of vertical slnuso!dal vibration with a frequency of 5 cps and an amplitude of 0.08 inches resulting in an acceleration intensity of approximatelY 0.20 g. The working period was divided into equal intervals during ~v.hich performance was Continuously monitored. Decrement of performance was measured'u:sing absolute error score. Results and conclusions are presented regarding performance decrement and recovery under varying work-rest schedules. Optimum work-rest schedules and'implications of control tasks under a vibratory environment are discussed. Topics: PerformanceEffects (Psychomotor); Exposure Time. C. F. Gell and G. Moeller 1972 Ergonomics 15, 655-670. The biodynamic aspects of low altitude, high speed flight. (16 p~iges, 51 references) Authors' Abstract. The physical forces encountered by an aircraft in low altitude, high speed flight can be particularly stressful to the aviator. The gross physical elements which make up this envelope are the dynamic profile of the aircraft, the flight pattern and the dynamic profile of the atmospheric environment. The specific dynamic factors, whose application results in a physiological response in the pilot, are vibration, buffeting, angular acceleration, and gross acceleration of operator origin. The physiological systems of the aviator that are primarily responsive to the overall dynamic stresses are the cardiovascular, respiratory, neurohormonal, labyrinthine, visual and skeletal systems. The physiological variations observed in pilots in actual low altitude, high speed flight both in-flight and post-flight suggests the application of the general adaptation syndrome. Comparative results from in-flight observations and simulator studies demonstrate differences in physiological recordings which suggest the absence of apprehension as being a major defect in simulation as an indicator of pilot performance in low altitude, high speed flight. Protective systems for the pilot in a low altitude, high speed flight profile are those of good restraints, antibuffeting helmets, possible use of positioning and the use of an aeroplane which is "least demanding" of the pilot. The need for more experimentation both in flight and in suitable simulators is apparent. Topics: Review (General); Ride (Fixed Wing Aircraft). G. D. Goff, B. S. Rosner, T. Detre and D. Kennard 1965 Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 28, 503-509. Vibration perception in normal man and medical patients. (7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, 19 references) Authors' Summary. The vibrogram technique based on the Bgkgsy audiometer yields reliable measures of vibratory sensitivity. It has many advantages over older techniques. Results from 417 normal subjects tested on the left index finger showed that men have lower vibratory thresholds than women. There was an elevation of the vibrograms with age. Men older than 45 years of age suffer a general rise in the threshold curve at all frequencies. In women the
HUMAN RESPONSE TO VIBRATION
100 cps at a constant amplitude. Each S was exposed to each vibration frequency and also to a no-vibration control condition. Results showed a significant decrease in steadiness following exposure to vibration but no differential decrement as a function of frequency. Topics: PerformanceEffects (Psychomotor); Limb Vibration. R. A. Dudek, M. M. Ayoub and M. A: EI-Nawawi 1973 Ergonomics 16, 469-479. Optimal work-rest schedules under prolonged vibration. (11 pages, 10 figures, 36 references) Authors" Abstract. This research was conducted for the purpose of studying the performance and recovery characteristics of men when subjected to low-level, whole-body vertical sinusoidal vibration for durations of one to two hours. Several male subjects performed a vertical compensaior~,'iracking task using a CRT display according to three work-rest schedules under both normal and vibratory environments. The yib/-atory environment was that of vertical slnuso!dal vibration with a frequency of 5 cps and an amplitude of 0.08 inches resulting in an acceleration intensity of approximatelY 0.20 g. The working period was divided into equal intervals during ~v.hich performance was Continuously monitored. Decrement of performance was measured'u:sing absolute error score. Results and conclusions are presented regarding performance decrement and recovery under varying work-rest schedules. Optimum work-rest schedules and'implications of control tasks under a vibratory environment are discussed. Topics: PerformanceEffects (Psychomotor); Exposure Time. C. F. Gell and G. Moeller 1972 Ergonomics 15, 655-670. The biodynamic aspects of low altitude, high speed flight. (16 p~iges, 51 references) Authors' Abstract. The physical forces encountered by an aircraft in low altitude, high speed flight can be particularly stressful to the aviator. The gross physical elements which make up this envelope are the dynamic profile of the aircraft, the flight pattern and the dynamic profile of the atmospheric environment. The specific dynamic factors, whose application results in a physiological response in the pilot, are vibration, buffeting, angular acceleration, and gross acceleration of operator origin. The physiological systems of the aviator that are primarily responsive to the overall dynamic stresses are the cardiovascular, respiratory, neurohormonal, labyrinthine, visual and skeletal systems. The physiological variations observed in pilots in actual low altitude, high speed flight both in-flight and post-flight suggests the application of the general adaptation syndrome. Comparative results from in-flight observations and simulator studies demonstrate differences in physiological recordings which suggest the absence of apprehension as being a major defect in simulation as an indicator of pilot performance in low altitude, high speed flight. Protective systems for the pilot in a low altitude, high speed flight profile are those of good restraints, antibuffeting helmets, possible use of positioning and the use of an aeroplane which is "least demanding" of the pilot. The need for more experimentation both in flight and in suitable simulators is apparent. Topics: Review (General); Ride (Fixed Wing Aircraft). G. D. Goff, B. S. Rosner, T. Detre and D. Kennard 1965 Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 28, 503-509. Vibration perception in normal man and medical patients. (7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, 19 references) Authors' Summary. The vibrogram technique based on the Bgkgsy audiometer yields reliable measures of vibratory sensitivity. It has many advantages over older techniques. Results from 417 normal subjects tested on the left index finger showed that men have lower vibratory thresholds than women. There was an elevation of the vibrograms with age. Men older than 45 years of age suffer a general rise in the threshold curve at all frequencies. In women the