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Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita
264
ABSTRACTS
which he successfully untwisted a torsion of the testicle. The author follows R. E. Smith’s practice of manipulative reduction of the testicle in cases of torsion of the testicle; followed by surgical exploration within 6 hr and bilateral orchidopexy for fixation. The technique is as follows: If pain is intolerable IV. morphia or pethidine is given. The testis is gently manipulated until the patient feels relief. The correct direction of manipulation is found by experiment. Thirteen cases of successful manipulative reduction confirmed at operation are presented. --N. V. Freeman
MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
Osteogenesis imperfecta Congenita. K. L. Tan and E. P. C. Tack. Aust. Paediat. J. 7:49-53 (March), 1971. Three children with osteogenesis imperfecta congenita are described who were encountered among 184,000 births occurring in Singapore over a 5-yr period. The incidence, genetic basis, pathology, diagnosis, and management of the condition are discussed. -7ohn R. Solomon Bony Aneurysmal Cyst in Childhood (Report of Eight Cases). M. Daudet, J. Marion, R. Faysse, J. L. Vauzelle, J. Baulieu, J. Rebouillat, and C. Lapras. Ann. Chir. Inf. 12:7-34, 1971. The eight cases of the particular lesion described in this paper were found in five girls and three boys of 2% to 13 yr of age. The lesion is defined as a cystic cavity excentrically distending the bone and being separated from the soft tissues by a thin, bony leaf. The study contains pathogenetic considerations, the description of the clinical picture, the radiological aspects, the topographical distribution, the histology, the differential diagnosis, the behavior, the treatment, and the prognosis of these tumorous lesions. There are various hypotheses as to the pathogenesis, such as a traumatic one, one based on venous hyperpression due to thrombosis or arteriovenous anastomosis, and a neoplastic one. The two
major symptoms are pain and tumefaction. The radiological aspects are characterized by an osteolytic lesion, expanding the bone and often showing multiple compartments. In 85% of cases the lesion is localized in the long bones or the spine. It must be stressed that it is never found in the epiphyses. The differential diagnosis comprises ossious. angioma, essential bone cyst, and giant-cell tumors. The eight cases are discussed with regard to the typical characteristics given. The bony aneurysmal cyst is considered a benign lesion that shows different types of evolution. Spontaneous stabilization of the process is known. Usually the cyst leads to functional disturbances, especially pathological fractures. The treatment is determined by the localization and expansion of the process. Three therapeutic methods are discussed: surgical (resection or curettage), purely radiological, and mixed (in cases of incomplete curettage). The prognosis of the treated cases is regarded as excellent. -A. Zimmermann Synovectomy in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis. E. J. Eyring, A. Longert, and J. C. Bass. J. Bone Joint Surg. 53A:663-651, 1971. Sixty-eight children with proved rheumatoid arthritis, aged 13 mo to 15 yr, were studied retrospectively and prospectively. The conclusions are that synovectomy is indicated for the following: (1) persistent synovitis for more than 18 mo without X-ray changes or loss of motion; (2) active disease with X-ray changes of any duration; (3) active synovitis with loss of motion in the face of good conservative nonsurgical treatment. Forty-eight synovectomies in 14 patients with follow-up ranging from 18 to 32 mo (average 24 mo) showed persistent loss of pain. There were varying improvements in function and X-rays. There were no significant complications. Synovectomy has a definite role in the treatment of the juvenile rheumatoid. -Anthony H. Alter Fracture-Separation of the Lower Humeral Epiphysis With Medial Displacement: Review of the Literature and Report of a Case. S. S. Kaplan and F. W. Reckling. J. Bone Joint Surg. 53A:1105-1108, 1971.
ABSTRACTS
which he successfully untwisted a torsion of the testicle. The author follows R. E. Smith’s practice of manipulative reduction of the testicle in cases of torsion of the testicle; followed by surgical exploration within 6 hr and bilateral orchidopexy for fixation. The technique is as follows: If pain is intolerable IV. morphia or pethidine is given. The testis is gently manipulated until the patient feels relief. The correct direction of manipulation is found by experiment. Thirteen cases of successful manipulative reduction confirmed at operation are presented. --N. V. Freeman
MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
Osteogenesis imperfecta Congenita. K. L. Tan and E. P. C. Tack. Aust. Paediat. J. 7:49-53 (March), 1971. Three children with osteogenesis imperfecta congenita are described who were encountered among 184,000 births occurring in Singapore over a 5-yr period. The incidence, genetic basis, pathology, diagnosis, and management of the condition are discussed. -7ohn R. Solomon Bony Aneurysmal Cyst in Childhood (Report of Eight Cases). M. Daudet, J. Marion, R. Faysse, J. L. Vauzelle, J. Baulieu, J. Rebouillat, and C. Lapras. Ann. Chir. Inf. 12:7-34, 1971. The eight cases of the particular lesion described in this paper were found in five girls and three boys of 2% to 13 yr of age. The lesion is defined as a cystic cavity excentrically distending the bone and being separated from the soft tissues by a thin, bony leaf. The study contains pathogenetic considerations, the description of the clinical picture, the radiological aspects, the topographical distribution, the histology, the differential diagnosis, the behavior, the treatment, and the prognosis of these tumorous lesions. There are various hypotheses as to the pathogenesis, such as a traumatic one, one based on venous hyperpression due to thrombosis or arteriovenous anastomosis, and a neoplastic one. The two
major symptoms are pain and tumefaction. The radiological aspects are characterized by an osteolytic lesion, expanding the bone and often showing multiple compartments. In 85% of cases the lesion is localized in the long bones or the spine. It must be stressed that it is never found in the epiphyses. The differential diagnosis comprises ossious. angioma, essential bone cyst, and giant-cell tumors. The eight cases are discussed with regard to the typical characteristics given. The bony aneurysmal cyst is considered a benign lesion that shows different types of evolution. Spontaneous stabilization of the process is known. Usually the cyst leads to functional disturbances, especially pathological fractures. The treatment is determined by the localization and expansion of the process. Three therapeutic methods are discussed: surgical (resection or curettage), purely radiological, and mixed (in cases of incomplete curettage). The prognosis of the treated cases is regarded as excellent. -A. Zimmermann Synovectomy in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis. E. J. Eyring, A. Longert, and J. C. Bass. J. Bone Joint Surg. 53A:663-651, 1971. Sixty-eight children with proved rheumatoid arthritis, aged 13 mo to 15 yr, were studied retrospectively and prospectively. The conclusions are that synovectomy is indicated for the following: (1) persistent synovitis for more than 18 mo without X-ray changes or loss of motion; (2) active disease with X-ray changes of any duration; (3) active synovitis with loss of motion in the face of good conservative nonsurgical treatment. Forty-eight synovectomies in 14 patients with follow-up ranging from 18 to 32 mo (average 24 mo) showed persistent loss of pain. There were varying improvements in function and X-rays. There were no significant complications. Synovectomy has a definite role in the treatment of the juvenile rheumatoid. -Anthony H. Alter Fracture-Separation of the Lower Humeral Epiphysis With Medial Displacement: Review of the Literature and Report of a Case. S. S. Kaplan and F. W. Reckling. J. Bone Joint Surg. 53A:1105-1108, 1971.