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Our troubled coasts
OLR t 1987) 34 (9)
F. General
Is pollution on the rise in Narragansett Bay, thereby threatening its health, or are conditions improving there? The baseline data necessary for answering this question (at least with respect to heavy metals) are provided by salt marsh sediments. While these data show that concentrations of lead and copper increased in the past so as to exceed natural levels, they also show a decline in recent years. Sediment dating yielded data showing that the increases in lead and copper input began around 1900, a date coinciding with the opening of the Fields Point sewage treatment plant on the Providence River. Grad. School of Oceanogr., Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA. (wbg)
F260. Resources, management, economics 87:5275 Barbier, E. and P.K. Takahashi (eds.), 1986. Geothermal energy in Hawaii. A report on the Invitational Workshop on Geothermal Technology for the Pacific Basin, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 23 August 1985. Geothermics, 15(4):389-544. 14 papers. The aim of this workshop was to bring together regional specialists in geothermal technology to discuss possible applications in the Pacific Basin and to organize cooperative research programs using the Puna Research Center in Hawaii or other regional facilities. The three major topic areas were process chemistry, reservoir testing, and agri-aquaculture applications. The Puna Research Center, designation of geothermal subzones, community development, resources assessment, financing of a demonstration project, and some specific aspects of cable programs were also discussed. (gsb) 87:5276 Fujii, Takeji and Seikichi Mishima, 1987. The salmon fishery Iof Japanl. Oceanus, 30(1):16-18. In 1752 Japanese fishermen were harvesting salmon in rivers of the Sakhalin Peninsula and by 1900 they were fishing near the Siberian coast, but Russian expansion forced a retreat and by 1927 the Japanese were using a combination of mothership and longliner boats for offshore salmon fishing. This offshore industry expanded until the impacts of the U.S.S.R. 200-mile zone and the 1979 U.S. Fisheries Management Law brought a severe decline in salmon population. Artificial salmon hatching and release technology have since brought the population to ~ 3 0 million fish, a return rate more than twice that of earlier years. Dept. of Fish. Sci., Faculty of Fish., Hokkaido Univ., Hakodate, Japan. (lit)
791
87:5277 Kawamura, Akito, 1987. Whaling and research [in Japan]. Oceanus, 30(1):23-26. More than a decade after the IWC moratorium, commercial whaling is in its final season. The author argues that this is regrettable not only for the Japanese, who have been commercial whalers for ~ 4 0 0 yr and whose high utilization of whale meat has made it a profitable business, but also for scientific reasons, as whaling offers an immense research field for the study of these still poorly understood animals. Dept. of Biol. and Aquaculture, Hokkaido Univ., Hodate, Hokkaido, Japan. (llt)
87:5278 Ringle, Ken and Richard Frank (photographer), 1987. The gospel according to Pilkey. A geologist aims to bring shoreline policies into line with scientific knowledge. Oceans, 20(2):18-22. To Orrin Pilkey, 'federal flood insurance for those who build beside the ocean makes as much sense as federal life insurance for those who sleep on railroad tracks.' Pilkey refers to the building of massive coastal structures to keep the sea out as 'New Jerseyization.' There, he shows how little now remains of the state's once wide beaches. Such structures, in addition to hastening beach erosion, are expensive and ultimately futile, he says. Pilkey, a Duke University geologist, has become public educator and public spokesman for saner policies. Ringle is a writer and editor at the Washington Post. (fcs) 87:5279 Robbins, M.W. (ed.), 1987. Our troubled coasts. Are we fighting the wrong war? Oceans, 20(2):72pp; 8 papers. 'Nothing we've erected on barrier beaches, from Ocean City to Texas City, can be considered permanent.' There's trouble on the coast, but 'it may come down to a matter of attitude.' These articles discuss the behavior and transience of coastlines, the perils to structures on them, beach nourishment and related issues. (fcs)
87:5280 Sato, Osamu, 1987. The Japanese fisheries system. Oceanus, 30(1):9-16. Japan is the world's top fishery producer and largest consumer of a great variety of fish, shellfish, and sea plants. Fishery regulation has evolved from the granting of fishing sites by feudal lords to a National Fisheries Law which divides fishery production into fishing by fishery right (exclusive rights for a specific area under prefectural permit), licensed fishery (local
F. General
Is pollution on the rise in Narragansett Bay, thereby threatening its health, or are conditions improving there? The baseline data necessary for answering this question (at least with respect to heavy metals) are provided by salt marsh sediments. While these data show that concentrations of lead and copper increased in the past so as to exceed natural levels, they also show a decline in recent years. Sediment dating yielded data showing that the increases in lead and copper input began around 1900, a date coinciding with the opening of the Fields Point sewage treatment plant on the Providence River. Grad. School of Oceanogr., Univ. of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA. (wbg)
F260. Resources, management, economics 87:5275 Barbier, E. and P.K. Takahashi (eds.), 1986. Geothermal energy in Hawaii. A report on the Invitational Workshop on Geothermal Technology for the Pacific Basin, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 23 August 1985. Geothermics, 15(4):389-544. 14 papers. The aim of this workshop was to bring together regional specialists in geothermal technology to discuss possible applications in the Pacific Basin and to organize cooperative research programs using the Puna Research Center in Hawaii or other regional facilities. The three major topic areas were process chemistry, reservoir testing, and agri-aquaculture applications. The Puna Research Center, designation of geothermal subzones, community development, resources assessment, financing of a demonstration project, and some specific aspects of cable programs were also discussed. (gsb) 87:5276 Fujii, Takeji and Seikichi Mishima, 1987. The salmon fishery Iof Japanl. Oceanus, 30(1):16-18. In 1752 Japanese fishermen were harvesting salmon in rivers of the Sakhalin Peninsula and by 1900 they were fishing near the Siberian coast, but Russian expansion forced a retreat and by 1927 the Japanese were using a combination of mothership and longliner boats for offshore salmon fishing. This offshore industry expanded until the impacts of the U.S.S.R. 200-mile zone and the 1979 U.S. Fisheries Management Law brought a severe decline in salmon population. Artificial salmon hatching and release technology have since brought the population to ~ 3 0 million fish, a return rate more than twice that of earlier years. Dept. of Fish. Sci., Faculty of Fish., Hokkaido Univ., Hakodate, Japan. (lit)
791
87:5277 Kawamura, Akito, 1987. Whaling and research [in Japan]. Oceanus, 30(1):23-26. More than a decade after the IWC moratorium, commercial whaling is in its final season. The author argues that this is regrettable not only for the Japanese, who have been commercial whalers for ~ 4 0 0 yr and whose high utilization of whale meat has made it a profitable business, but also for scientific reasons, as whaling offers an immense research field for the study of these still poorly understood animals. Dept. of Biol. and Aquaculture, Hokkaido Univ., Hodate, Hokkaido, Japan. (llt)
87:5278 Ringle, Ken and Richard Frank (photographer), 1987. The gospel according to Pilkey. A geologist aims to bring shoreline policies into line with scientific knowledge. Oceans, 20(2):18-22. To Orrin Pilkey, 'federal flood insurance for those who build beside the ocean makes as much sense as federal life insurance for those who sleep on railroad tracks.' Pilkey refers to the building of massive coastal structures to keep the sea out as 'New Jerseyization.' There, he shows how little now remains of the state's once wide beaches. Such structures, in addition to hastening beach erosion, are expensive and ultimately futile, he says. Pilkey, a Duke University geologist, has become public educator and public spokesman for saner policies. Ringle is a writer and editor at the Washington Post. (fcs) 87:5279 Robbins, M.W. (ed.), 1987. Our troubled coasts. Are we fighting the wrong war? Oceans, 20(2):72pp; 8 papers. 'Nothing we've erected on barrier beaches, from Ocean City to Texas City, can be considered permanent.' There's trouble on the coast, but 'it may come down to a matter of attitude.' These articles discuss the behavior and transience of coastlines, the perils to structures on them, beach nourishment and related issues. (fcs)
87:5280 Sato, Osamu, 1987. The Japanese fisheries system. Oceanus, 30(1):9-16. Japan is the world's top fishery producer and largest consumer of a great variety of fish, shellfish, and sea plants. Fishery regulation has evolved from the granting of fishing sites by feudal lords to a National Fisheries Law which divides fishery production into fishing by fishery right (exclusive rights for a specific area under prefectural permit), licensed fishery (local