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Oxidative stress cause liver damage in adult β-thalassemia major at Dubai thalassemia center
S24
Abstract / Free Radical Biology and Medicine 65 (2013) S23–S56
PP03
Oxidative stress cause liver damage in adult β-thalassemia major at Dubai thalassemia center A.L. Altaie a, F.A.A Lkhaja b a
Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Dubai Thalassemia Center, Dubai, UAE E-mail address: [email protected] (A.L. Altaie)
b
β thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects the synthesis of normal hemoglobin (Hb) rendering the patient blood transfusion dependent for lifelong. This Regular blood transfusion generates Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently tissue damage. We studied the oxidative status, antioxidant and serum hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) an antioxidant protein in 17 β thalassemia patients with liver damage following in Dubai Thalassemia Center and 18 normal controls. Our results showed significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decrease in the catalase (CAT) activity in patients compared to controls. Elevated serum ferritin showed positive correlation with SOD activity. Similarly serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) showed positive correlation with serum ferritin and SOD activity and negative correlation with CAT. The serum HO-1 showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion we clearly demonstrated that iron overload due to regular blood transfusions, leads to high levels of oxidative stress and decrease the antioxidant activity in β thalassemia patients. This generated oxidative stress is the cause of liver damage in those chronically transfused patients. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.012
PP04
Characterization of new alkanal-phosphatidylethanolamine adducts Andrea Annibal a,b,c,d, Ralf Hoffmann a,b,d, Jürgen Schiller b,c,d, Maria Fedorova a,b a
Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig,Leipzig, Germany b Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany c Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universität Leipzig, Germany d LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Universität Leipzig, Germany Aldehydes generated as a result of lipid peroxidation represent promising biomarkers of oxidative stress that plays a major role in many human diseases and inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidize fatty acyl residues of phospholipids yielding a heterogeneous class of lipids peroxidation products (LPPs) including the cleavage of free unsaturated and saturated aldehydes. Carbonyl groups present in LPPs are highly reactive to nucleophilic groups in other biomolecules, such as the side chains of lysine, cysteine and histidine residues in proteins or amino groups in phosphatidylethanolamines (PE). Whereas the reactivity of unsaturated aldehydes has been well investigated, only few data are available for saturated aldehydes. Here we report new alkanal-PE adducts identified by mass spectrometry (MS) using consecutive fragmentations (MSn) as well as their formation quantified by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) obtained by incubating dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE, 0.1 mmol/L) with hexanal (0.4 mol/L) in aqueous
solutions (1 h, 371C). Lipids were extracted and analyzed by ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS (shotgun lipidomics). Surprisingly, eight different products were identified including two previously reported (Schiff-base and amide) and six new compounds. The new PE-hexanal adducts contained dimeric and trimeric hexanal conjugates formed by consecutive β-aldol condensation. In order to study the biological relevance of hexanal-adducts, trimeric hexanal-PE was purified and added to multilamellar vesicles of dipalmitoleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DiPoPE, 5.5 g/L). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) enabled to monitor the membrane curvature change induced by the incorporation of trimeric hexanal-PE into lipid vesicles. It was shown that trimeric hexanal modification appears to be sufficient to increase the negative curvature of multilamellar vesicles in vitro. This indicates that formation of the hexanal-PE adduct could influence the structure and the status of biological membranes leading to a change in macroscopic structure, stability and function. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.013
PP05
Specific kidney cortico-medullary distribution of NADPH oxidase-gp91phox contributes to age-related hypertension and salt-sensitivity in Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats M. Asghar, I. Pokkunuri, G. Chugh, M. Lokhandwala Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Heart and Kidney Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Asghar) We recently reported that oxidative stress is causal to hypertension and impaired kidney angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) and dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) functions in aging FBNs. These renal receptors by counter-regulating each other’s functions maintain sodium homeostasis and normal blood pressure (BP). Here, we tested whether or not these rats develop salt-sensitivity and examined cortico-medullary distribution of these receptors and oxidant producing enzyme NADPH oxidase-gp91phox in response to 4-week normal-salt (NS, 0.4% NaCl) and high-salt (HS, 8% NaCl) feeding in adult (3-month) and old (21month) FBNs. BP in conscious animals was measured by radiotelemetry. Distribution of D1R, AT1R and gp91phox were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. We found that NS-fed old rats had higher BP than NS-fed adult rats, which further increased with HS feeding in old rats. BP did not change with HS feeding in adult rats. The levels of D1R mRNA in cortex or in medulla were not different between NS-fed adult and old rats, but decreased in both cortex and medulla only in HS-fed old rats. Contrary to this, AT1R mRNA levels were higher only in cortex of old rats fed either NS or HS. Moreover, despite similar gp91phox mRNA levels in cortex and medulla between adult and old rats fed either NS or HS, gp91phox protein levels were higher in the cortex of old rats irrespective of salt treatment and increased only in the medulla of old rats with HS in these rats. Our results suggest that age-related hypertension and salt-sensitivity is associated with specific cortico-medullary distribution of gp91phox, which, by a redox mechanism, may cause transcriptional and functional dysregulation of AT1R and D1R contributing to hypertension in the old animals. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.014
Abstract / Free Radical Biology and Medicine 65 (2013) S23–S56
PP03
Oxidative stress cause liver damage in adult β-thalassemia major at Dubai thalassemia center A.L. Altaie a, F.A.A Lkhaja b a
Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE Dubai Thalassemia Center, Dubai, UAE E-mail address: [email protected] (A.L. Altaie)
b
β thalassemia is a genetic disorder that affects the synthesis of normal hemoglobin (Hb) rendering the patient blood transfusion dependent for lifelong. This Regular blood transfusion generates Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently tissue damage. We studied the oxidative status, antioxidant and serum hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) an antioxidant protein in 17 β thalassemia patients with liver damage following in Dubai Thalassemia Center and 18 normal controls. Our results showed significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decrease in the catalase (CAT) activity in patients compared to controls. Elevated serum ferritin showed positive correlation with SOD activity. Similarly serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) showed positive correlation with serum ferritin and SOD activity and negative correlation with CAT. The serum HO-1 showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion we clearly demonstrated that iron overload due to regular blood transfusions, leads to high levels of oxidative stress and decrease the antioxidant activity in β thalassemia patients. This generated oxidative stress is the cause of liver damage in those chronically transfused patients. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.012
PP04
Characterization of new alkanal-phosphatidylethanolamine adducts Andrea Annibal a,b,c,d, Ralf Hoffmann a,b,d, Jürgen Schiller b,c,d, Maria Fedorova a,b a
Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig,Leipzig, Germany b Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany c Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Universität Leipzig, Germany d LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Universität Leipzig, Germany Aldehydes generated as a result of lipid peroxidation represent promising biomarkers of oxidative stress that plays a major role in many human diseases and inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidize fatty acyl residues of phospholipids yielding a heterogeneous class of lipids peroxidation products (LPPs) including the cleavage of free unsaturated and saturated aldehydes. Carbonyl groups present in LPPs are highly reactive to nucleophilic groups in other biomolecules, such as the side chains of lysine, cysteine and histidine residues in proteins or amino groups in phosphatidylethanolamines (PE). Whereas the reactivity of unsaturated aldehydes has been well investigated, only few data are available for saturated aldehydes. Here we report new alkanal-PE adducts identified by mass spectrometry (MS) using consecutive fragmentations (MSn) as well as their formation quantified by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) obtained by incubating dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE, 0.1 mmol/L) with hexanal (0.4 mol/L) in aqueous
solutions (1 h, 371C). Lipids were extracted and analyzed by ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS (shotgun lipidomics). Surprisingly, eight different products were identified including two previously reported (Schiff-base and amide) and six new compounds. The new PE-hexanal adducts contained dimeric and trimeric hexanal conjugates formed by consecutive β-aldol condensation. In order to study the biological relevance of hexanal-adducts, trimeric hexanal-PE was purified and added to multilamellar vesicles of dipalmitoleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DiPoPE, 5.5 g/L). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) enabled to monitor the membrane curvature change induced by the incorporation of trimeric hexanal-PE into lipid vesicles. It was shown that trimeric hexanal modification appears to be sufficient to increase the negative curvature of multilamellar vesicles in vitro. This indicates that formation of the hexanal-PE adduct could influence the structure and the status of biological membranes leading to a change in macroscopic structure, stability and function. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.013
PP05
Specific kidney cortico-medullary distribution of NADPH oxidase-gp91phox contributes to age-related hypertension and salt-sensitivity in Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats M. Asghar, I. Pokkunuri, G. Chugh, M. Lokhandwala Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Heart and Kidney Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Asghar) We recently reported that oxidative stress is causal to hypertension and impaired kidney angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) and dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) functions in aging FBNs. These renal receptors by counter-regulating each other’s functions maintain sodium homeostasis and normal blood pressure (BP). Here, we tested whether or not these rats develop salt-sensitivity and examined cortico-medullary distribution of these receptors and oxidant producing enzyme NADPH oxidase-gp91phox in response to 4-week normal-salt (NS, 0.4% NaCl) and high-salt (HS, 8% NaCl) feeding in adult (3-month) and old (21month) FBNs. BP in conscious animals was measured by radiotelemetry. Distribution of D1R, AT1R and gp91phox were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting. We found that NS-fed old rats had higher BP than NS-fed adult rats, which further increased with HS feeding in old rats. BP did not change with HS feeding in adult rats. The levels of D1R mRNA in cortex or in medulla were not different between NS-fed adult and old rats, but decreased in both cortex and medulla only in HS-fed old rats. Contrary to this, AT1R mRNA levels were higher only in cortex of old rats fed either NS or HS. Moreover, despite similar gp91phox mRNA levels in cortex and medulla between adult and old rats fed either NS or HS, gp91phox protein levels were higher in the cortex of old rats irrespective of salt treatment and increased only in the medulla of old rats with HS in these rats. Our results suggest that age-related hypertension and salt-sensitivity is associated with specific cortico-medullary distribution of gp91phox, which, by a redox mechanism, may cause transcriptional and functional dysregulation of AT1R and D1R contributing to hypertension in the old animals. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.014