- Email: [email protected]
P-EDU-145 Implementation of an Innovative Resident-As-Teacher Program at the University of Ottawa
SOGC MEETING ABSTRACTS
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the first trimester of pregnancy to predict preeclampsia (PE). Study Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women with a singleton living fetus at 11-13 weeks. MAP was calculated from blood pressure measured using an automated device validated for pregnant women. We computed the multiples of the median (MoM) of the log10MAP while adjusting for gestational age at measurement. ROC curves analyses were performed and the screening performance [area under the curve (AUC)] of MAP in PE prediction was calculated. Results: We included 4733 adult nulliparous women, aged 28.9 ± 4.1 years old, with BMI of 25 ± 5 kg/m2. There were 292 cases of PE (10 early onset PE, 33 preterm PE and 241 term PE). The MAP was significantly associated with the risk of PE (AUC: 0.742; 95% CI: 0.711e0.773). The first-trimester MAP could predict 58% of term PE, 70% of preterm PE (P < 0.001) and 70% of EO-PE (P ¼ 0.002), with a 25% false- positive rate. Moreover, MAP could predict 36% of term PE, 49% of preterm PE (P < 0.001) and 60% of EO-PE (P ¼ 0.002), with a 10% false-positive rate. Conclusion: Mean arterial blood pressure measured during the first trimester of pregnancy is useful to identify women at high-risk of preeclampsia, mostly in its severe forms. However, the detection rate of PE by MAP should be combined with other markers to attain higher discriminative level and be integrated into clinical practice.
- W-GYN-MD-093 ........................................................................ FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF A MOBILE TECHNOLOGY INTERVENTION TO SUPPORT [FACTS] WOMEN’S POST-ABORTION CARE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: PROTOCOL FOR THE FACTS STUDY R. Gill BC Women’s Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada R. Renner, B. Fitzsimmons, W. Norman, G. Ogilvie Objectives: (1) To understand how women at three surgical abortion clinics in an urban centre of BC utilize their mobile phones; (2) To understand women’s preferences of content and design for a mobile intervention to provide decision support for postoperative care, postabortion contraception and mental health; (3) To develop a mobile intervention based on findings from objectives 1 & 2; (4) To conduct a pilot study to demonstrate acceptability and feasibility of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to support post-abortion care after a surgical abortion compared to routine follow-up care. Study Methods: A prospective cohort study with three phases based on “Development-evaluation-implementation” process from the MRC Framework for Complex Medical Interventions. Phase I is a mixed methods formative study. Phase II is development and usability testing of the intervention. Phase III is a feasibility and acceptability pilot study of the mobile intervention. Data analysis will include descriptive statistical analyses and qualitative analysis. Primary and secondary outcomes will be compared between groups using T-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, or Chi Square tests where appropriate. Sample size calculations for Phase I, II & III: 185, 28 - 30 and 60 participants respectively. Results: This study will take two years to complete. Results are forthcoming. Ethics approval pending from BC Women’s and Children’s Research Ethics Board. Conclusion: This study has potential to improve follow-up care after an induced surgical abortion by supplementing patient care with a mHealth intervention. Ultimately, the intervention may be useful for women in rural and remote areas, providing an innovative approach to follow-up care.
390
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MAY JOGC MAI 2017
- O-OBS-JM-056 ........................................................................... ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE AND INCIDENCE OF NON-CHROMOSOMAL CONGENITAL ANOMALIES - A POPULATION-BASED STUDY M. Grossi University of Alberta, Lois Hole Hospital for Women, Royal Alexandra Hospital, 10240 Kingsway Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T5H 3V9, Canada S. Crawford, S. Chandra Objectives: Advanced maternal age (AMA), is associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and infertility. Our study’s objective is to assess whether AMA increases the risk of non-chromosomal congenital anomalies. Study Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a linked dataset from Alberta Perinatal Health Program and the Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System databases. All singleton births and pregnancy terminations greater than 20 weeks gestational age from 2005 to 2013 were included. Pregnancies with aneuploidy were excluded. Maternal age was categorized as less than 35 years and 35 years and greater. Descriptive statistics of maternal demographic characteristics were generated. Multinomial logistic regression models controlled for parity, use of assisted reproductive technology, smoking, and socioeconomic status. Results: There is a significant association between AMA and congenital anomalies in the kidney (P ¼ 0.004), and the reproductive tract (P ¼ 0.021). The rate of anomalies in the kidney was 2.6 per 1,000 births for women under 20 and rose to 3.0 per 1,000 births for women 35 and older. The rate of anomalies in the reproductive tract was 3.5 per 1,000 births in women under 20, and rose to 4.6 per 1,000 births in women 35 and up.Analysis of the type of anomaly revealed a significant association between AMA and congenital obstructive defects of the renal pelvis (P ¼ 0.025), other malformations of the kidney (P < 0.001), undescended testicle (P ¼ 0.032), congenital deformities of the hip (P < 0.001) and congenital deformities of the feet (P ¼ 0.001). Conclusion: Advanced maternal age appears to be associated with an increased incidence of specific non-chromosomal congenital anomalies, particularly of the renal and genitourinary systems.
- P-EDU-145 .................................................................................. IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INNOVATIVE RESIDENT-ASTEACHER PROGRAM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA J. Hearn University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada L. Saciragic, L. Hopkins Objectives: To develop, implement and evaluate a resident-as-teacher (RaT) lecture series for medical students Study Methods: Between September 2013 and March 2015, a RaT program was initiated. Senior (R3+) OBGYN residents lectured medical students in a safe learning environment. Slide sets were standardized and the topics included “Complications of Labour” and “Third Trimester Bleeding.” Each lecture occurred 8 times per year and all residents were required to participate. Program performance was evaluated by multiple stakeholders as per Kirkpatrick’s Modified Model for Evaluating Educational Outcomes. Students were asked to grade statements about 5 aspects of resident teaching on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 being lowest and 5 being highest. A Faculty member attended each lecture and used a standardized education rubric to evaluate resident performance. Additionally, residents were asked to evaluate their experience and
Abstracts-SOGC ACSC 2017
faculty feedback regarding consolidation of knowledge and development of their teaching skills. Results: A total of 26 lectures were given by 18 unique residents during the assessment phase of this project, with 504 student evaluation forms completed. 96.2% of student forms rated the resident teacher as “good” or “excellent” overall. 100% of residents and 94% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed in the benefit of the program. Conclusion: Our RaT program is an effective learning experience for both residents and medical students. It additionally serves as a formal method of establishing and assessing resident role as an “educator,” as required by accreditation and Royal College mandates.
- P-OBS/GYN-S-066 ................................................................... CAESAREAN SECTION RATES BY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN CANADA M. Hodge University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada M. Shen, S. Xie, M. Wise, S.-W. Wen, I. Chen Objectives: With rising rates of Caesarean section (CS) in Canada and worldwide, non-clinical factors for CS warrant consideration. To determine the association of women’s socioeconomic status (SES) to rates of CS. Study Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at an Ontario tertiary care centre from January 2003 to December 2013. Data were collected from the Discharge Abstract Database. Women with singleton live births were included. Rates of CS were determined. The main exposure variable was SES, measured by neighbourhood income quintile. Multivariable model was used to estimate the association of SES to this rate, adjusting for covariates (maternal demographic characteristics, clinical history, obstetrical history and maternal age). Results: The study cohort comprised 51,902 women. Compared with the lowest quintile, women in the highest quintile had increased odds of CS (OR 1.14 95% CI [1.08e1.21]). Following adjustment for important confounders, there was no longer an association between SES and CS rate (adjusted OR 0.96 95% CI[0.91e1.03]). Women in the lowest quintile were more likely to have gestational diabetes than women in the highest quintile (P < 0.001). Women in the highest quintile were more likely to be primiparous and have greater maternal age, gestational age, and birthweight (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Although differences in CS rates are seen by neighbourhood income quintile, they appear to be related to maternal age and co-morbidities. SES does not appear to be an independent predictor of CS. This issue has not been studied in over 10 years. It is reassuring to see that urban Ontario women are not “too posh to push.”
- P-OBS-JM-085 ............................................................................ IMPLEMENTATION OF A MATERNAL CHORIOAMNIONITIS PATHWAY W. Hoosainny McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada J. Leader, N. Gangam, T. Packer, R. McDonagh, A. Latchman Objectives: Review of practices at our institution revealed variability in the definition and treatment of chorioamnionitis. Our objective was to implement a clinical pathway, evaluate its uptake and determine differences between maternal and neonatal outcomes between groups that did and did not meet criteria.
Study Methods: Charts were collected from hospital health records for review pre and post implementation of the pathway between January 2013 and January 2014 (n ¼ 50); and between January 2015 and April 2016 (n ¼ 50) on the basis of a diagnosis of intrapartum chorioamnionitis. Results: Prior to implementation, only 68% of charts pulled for suspected chorioamnionitis met the pathway definition of chorioamnionitis. Post implementation, 82% met the pathway definition. Pre-implementation, the majority of patients were treated with ampicillin and gentamicin (68%) and post implementation, the majority (96%) were treated with ceftriaxone and flagyl. Pre pathway there was a 10% CBC and culture rate prior to antibiotics; post pathway, 70% of patients had a CBC and culture drawn. There was a 24% NICU admission rate for those patients that met the pathway diagnosis of chorioamnionitis and 8% admission for those that did not meet the criteria (OR ¼ 3.63). Conclusion: The clinical pathway has resulted in a more consistent diagnosis, and management of chorioamnionitis. Neonates born to mothers who meet the pathway definition of chorioamnionitis are admitted at higher rates to the NICU than those whose mothers do not meet the definition. This pathway promotes antibiotic stewardship, potentially less disruption of the maternal and fetal microbiome, and a consistent set of risk factors when assessing sepsis risk in the neonate.
- O-OBS/GYN-S-119 .................................................................. BLOOD PERFUSION OF A RECONSTRUCTED MICROCAPILLARY NETWORK WITHIN A 3D TISSUEENGINEERED VAGINAL MUCOSA W. Jakubowska CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada Objectives: A major challenge in tissue engineering is the vascularization of reconstructed tissues as graft survival and success rate highly depends on it. Tissue engineering of autologous vagina tissues opens the door to new surgical applications for vaginal reconstruction in paediatric patients with Mayer-RokitanskyKautser-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. In this study, we aim at reconstructing a functional pre-vascularized vaginal mucosa model. Study Methods: Vaginal stromal and epithelial cells were isolated from healthy donors’ biopsies. We co-seeded vaginal stromal cells with human umbilical cord vein cells (HUVEC). At four weeks of culture in the presence of ascorbic acid, vaginal fibroblasts secreted their own extracellular matrix and formed stromal sheets that were stacked together to form a construct. Furthermore, vaginal epithelial cells were seeded on top of the construct and they proliferated and differentiated under right cell culture conditions. Reconstructed endothelialized tissues using transfected HUVEC expressing GFP were implanted subcutaneously on the back of female immunocompromized mice. Results: Characterization of our model confirms the presence of a micro-capillary network using endothelial cell specific markers such as PECAM-1/CD31 and Von Willebrand factor. Additionally, we assessed the vascular maturity of the reconstructed of the capillarylike network by detecting pericytes. Finally, we have demonstrated the functionality of the reconstructed capillary-like network with blood perfusion in vivo as we have detected the presence of murine red blood cells within our GFP+ endothelial cells. Conclusion: We have reconstructed endothelialized vaginal mucosa constructs that closely mimic native tissue and are able to withstand blood perfusion upon implantation.
MAY JOGC MAI 2017
l
391
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the first trimester of pregnancy to predict preeclampsia (PE). Study Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women with a singleton living fetus at 11-13 weeks. MAP was calculated from blood pressure measured using an automated device validated for pregnant women. We computed the multiples of the median (MoM) of the log10MAP while adjusting for gestational age at measurement. ROC curves analyses were performed and the screening performance [area under the curve (AUC)] of MAP in PE prediction was calculated. Results: We included 4733 adult nulliparous women, aged 28.9 ± 4.1 years old, with BMI of 25 ± 5 kg/m2. There were 292 cases of PE (10 early onset PE, 33 preterm PE and 241 term PE). The MAP was significantly associated with the risk of PE (AUC: 0.742; 95% CI: 0.711e0.773). The first-trimester MAP could predict 58% of term PE, 70% of preterm PE (P < 0.001) and 70% of EO-PE (P ¼ 0.002), with a 25% false- positive rate. Moreover, MAP could predict 36% of term PE, 49% of preterm PE (P < 0.001) and 60% of EO-PE (P ¼ 0.002), with a 10% false-positive rate. Conclusion: Mean arterial blood pressure measured during the first trimester of pregnancy is useful to identify women at high-risk of preeclampsia, mostly in its severe forms. However, the detection rate of PE by MAP should be combined with other markers to attain higher discriminative level and be integrated into clinical practice.
- W-GYN-MD-093 ........................................................................ FEASIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF A MOBILE TECHNOLOGY INTERVENTION TO SUPPORT [FACTS] WOMEN’S POST-ABORTION CARE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA: PROTOCOL FOR THE FACTS STUDY R. Gill BC Women’s Hospital, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada R. Renner, B. Fitzsimmons, W. Norman, G. Ogilvie Objectives: (1) To understand how women at three surgical abortion clinics in an urban centre of BC utilize their mobile phones; (2) To understand women’s preferences of content and design for a mobile intervention to provide decision support for postoperative care, postabortion contraception and mental health; (3) To develop a mobile intervention based on findings from objectives 1 & 2; (4) To conduct a pilot study to demonstrate acceptability and feasibility of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to support post-abortion care after a surgical abortion compared to routine follow-up care. Study Methods: A prospective cohort study with three phases based on “Development-evaluation-implementation” process from the MRC Framework for Complex Medical Interventions. Phase I is a mixed methods formative study. Phase II is development and usability testing of the intervention. Phase III is a feasibility and acceptability pilot study of the mobile intervention. Data analysis will include descriptive statistical analyses and qualitative analysis. Primary and secondary outcomes will be compared between groups using T-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, or Chi Square tests where appropriate. Sample size calculations for Phase I, II & III: 185, 28 - 30 and 60 participants respectively. Results: This study will take two years to complete. Results are forthcoming. Ethics approval pending from BC Women’s and Children’s Research Ethics Board. Conclusion: This study has potential to improve follow-up care after an induced surgical abortion by supplementing patient care with a mHealth intervention. Ultimately, the intervention may be useful for women in rural and remote areas, providing an innovative approach to follow-up care.
390
l
MAY JOGC MAI 2017
- O-OBS-JM-056 ........................................................................... ADVANCED MATERNAL AGE AND INCIDENCE OF NON-CHROMOSOMAL CONGENITAL ANOMALIES - A POPULATION-BASED STUDY M. Grossi University of Alberta, Lois Hole Hospital for Women, Royal Alexandra Hospital, 10240 Kingsway Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, T5H 3V9, Canada S. Crawford, S. Chandra Objectives: Advanced maternal age (AMA), is associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and infertility. Our study’s objective is to assess whether AMA increases the risk of non-chromosomal congenital anomalies. Study Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a linked dataset from Alberta Perinatal Health Program and the Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System databases. All singleton births and pregnancy terminations greater than 20 weeks gestational age from 2005 to 2013 were included. Pregnancies with aneuploidy were excluded. Maternal age was categorized as less than 35 years and 35 years and greater. Descriptive statistics of maternal demographic characteristics were generated. Multinomial logistic regression models controlled for parity, use of assisted reproductive technology, smoking, and socioeconomic status. Results: There is a significant association between AMA and congenital anomalies in the kidney (P ¼ 0.004), and the reproductive tract (P ¼ 0.021). The rate of anomalies in the kidney was 2.6 per 1,000 births for women under 20 and rose to 3.0 per 1,000 births for women 35 and older. The rate of anomalies in the reproductive tract was 3.5 per 1,000 births in women under 20, and rose to 4.6 per 1,000 births in women 35 and up.Analysis of the type of anomaly revealed a significant association between AMA and congenital obstructive defects of the renal pelvis (P ¼ 0.025), other malformations of the kidney (P < 0.001), undescended testicle (P ¼ 0.032), congenital deformities of the hip (P < 0.001) and congenital deformities of the feet (P ¼ 0.001). Conclusion: Advanced maternal age appears to be associated with an increased incidence of specific non-chromosomal congenital anomalies, particularly of the renal and genitourinary systems.
- P-EDU-145 .................................................................................. IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INNOVATIVE RESIDENT-ASTEACHER PROGRAM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA J. Hearn University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada L. Saciragic, L. Hopkins Objectives: To develop, implement and evaluate a resident-as-teacher (RaT) lecture series for medical students Study Methods: Between September 2013 and March 2015, a RaT program was initiated. Senior (R3+) OBGYN residents lectured medical students in a safe learning environment. Slide sets were standardized and the topics included “Complications of Labour” and “Third Trimester Bleeding.” Each lecture occurred 8 times per year and all residents were required to participate. Program performance was evaluated by multiple stakeholders as per Kirkpatrick’s Modified Model for Evaluating Educational Outcomes. Students were asked to grade statements about 5 aspects of resident teaching on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 being lowest and 5 being highest. A Faculty member attended each lecture and used a standardized education rubric to evaluate resident performance. Additionally, residents were asked to evaluate their experience and
Abstracts-SOGC ACSC 2017
faculty feedback regarding consolidation of knowledge and development of their teaching skills. Results: A total of 26 lectures were given by 18 unique residents during the assessment phase of this project, with 504 student evaluation forms completed. 96.2% of student forms rated the resident teacher as “good” or “excellent” overall. 100% of residents and 94% of faculty agreed or strongly agreed in the benefit of the program. Conclusion: Our RaT program is an effective learning experience for both residents and medical students. It additionally serves as a formal method of establishing and assessing resident role as an “educator,” as required by accreditation and Royal College mandates.
- P-OBS/GYN-S-066 ................................................................... CAESAREAN SECTION RATES BY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN CANADA M. Hodge University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6, Canada M. Shen, S. Xie, M. Wise, S.-W. Wen, I. Chen Objectives: With rising rates of Caesarean section (CS) in Canada and worldwide, non-clinical factors for CS warrant consideration. To determine the association of women’s socioeconomic status (SES) to rates of CS. Study Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at an Ontario tertiary care centre from January 2003 to December 2013. Data were collected from the Discharge Abstract Database. Women with singleton live births were included. Rates of CS were determined. The main exposure variable was SES, measured by neighbourhood income quintile. Multivariable model was used to estimate the association of SES to this rate, adjusting for covariates (maternal demographic characteristics, clinical history, obstetrical history and maternal age). Results: The study cohort comprised 51,902 women. Compared with the lowest quintile, women in the highest quintile had increased odds of CS (OR 1.14 95% CI [1.08e1.21]). Following adjustment for important confounders, there was no longer an association between SES and CS rate (adjusted OR 0.96 95% CI[0.91e1.03]). Women in the lowest quintile were more likely to have gestational diabetes than women in the highest quintile (P < 0.001). Women in the highest quintile were more likely to be primiparous and have greater maternal age, gestational age, and birthweight (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Although differences in CS rates are seen by neighbourhood income quintile, they appear to be related to maternal age and co-morbidities. SES does not appear to be an independent predictor of CS. This issue has not been studied in over 10 years. It is reassuring to see that urban Ontario women are not “too posh to push.”
- P-OBS-JM-085 ............................................................................ IMPLEMENTATION OF A MATERNAL CHORIOAMNIONITIS PATHWAY W. Hoosainny McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada J. Leader, N. Gangam, T. Packer, R. McDonagh, A. Latchman Objectives: Review of practices at our institution revealed variability in the definition and treatment of chorioamnionitis. Our objective was to implement a clinical pathway, evaluate its uptake and determine differences between maternal and neonatal outcomes between groups that did and did not meet criteria.
Study Methods: Charts were collected from hospital health records for review pre and post implementation of the pathway between January 2013 and January 2014 (n ¼ 50); and between January 2015 and April 2016 (n ¼ 50) on the basis of a diagnosis of intrapartum chorioamnionitis. Results: Prior to implementation, only 68% of charts pulled for suspected chorioamnionitis met the pathway definition of chorioamnionitis. Post implementation, 82% met the pathway definition. Pre-implementation, the majority of patients were treated with ampicillin and gentamicin (68%) and post implementation, the majority (96%) were treated with ceftriaxone and flagyl. Pre pathway there was a 10% CBC and culture rate prior to antibiotics; post pathway, 70% of patients had a CBC and culture drawn. There was a 24% NICU admission rate for those patients that met the pathway diagnosis of chorioamnionitis and 8% admission for those that did not meet the criteria (OR ¼ 3.63). Conclusion: The clinical pathway has resulted in a more consistent diagnosis, and management of chorioamnionitis. Neonates born to mothers who meet the pathway definition of chorioamnionitis are admitted at higher rates to the NICU than those whose mothers do not meet the definition. This pathway promotes antibiotic stewardship, potentially less disruption of the maternal and fetal microbiome, and a consistent set of risk factors when assessing sepsis risk in the neonate.
- O-OBS/GYN-S-119 .................................................................. BLOOD PERFUSION OF A RECONSTRUCTED MICROCAPILLARY NETWORK WITHIN A 3D TISSUEENGINEERED VAGINAL MUCOSA W. Jakubowska CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Centre, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada Objectives: A major challenge in tissue engineering is the vascularization of reconstructed tissues as graft survival and success rate highly depends on it. Tissue engineering of autologous vagina tissues opens the door to new surgical applications for vaginal reconstruction in paediatric patients with Mayer-RokitanskyKautser-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. In this study, we aim at reconstructing a functional pre-vascularized vaginal mucosa model. Study Methods: Vaginal stromal and epithelial cells were isolated from healthy donors’ biopsies. We co-seeded vaginal stromal cells with human umbilical cord vein cells (HUVEC). At four weeks of culture in the presence of ascorbic acid, vaginal fibroblasts secreted their own extracellular matrix and formed stromal sheets that were stacked together to form a construct. Furthermore, vaginal epithelial cells were seeded on top of the construct and they proliferated and differentiated under right cell culture conditions. Reconstructed endothelialized tissues using transfected HUVEC expressing GFP were implanted subcutaneously on the back of female immunocompromized mice. Results: Characterization of our model confirms the presence of a micro-capillary network using endothelial cell specific markers such as PECAM-1/CD31 and Von Willebrand factor. Additionally, we assessed the vascular maturity of the reconstructed of the capillarylike network by detecting pericytes. Finally, we have demonstrated the functionality of the reconstructed capillary-like network with blood perfusion in vivo as we have detected the presence of murine red blood cells within our GFP+ endothelial cells. Conclusion: We have reconstructed endothelialized vaginal mucosa constructs that closely mimic native tissue and are able to withstand blood perfusion upon implantation.
MAY JOGC MAI 2017
l
391