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P1-1-7. Relationship between gray matter volume of posterior cingulate cortex and frontal activation
Abstracts / Clinical Neurophysiology 129 (2018) e17–e43
to odor stimulus were associated with moderately depressed and anxious mental states in healthy people. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.092
O-3-39. Distribution of fasciculations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An ultrasonographic study—Yoichi Suzuki, Kazumoto Shibuya, Sonoko Misawa, Yukari Sekiguchi, Hiroshi Amino, Tomoki Suichi, Atsuko Tsuneyama, Satoshi Kuwabara (Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan) In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the usefulness of ultrasonography has been increasingly recognized as a powerful tool to detect fasciculations. However, the distribution of fasciculations in the whole body has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to disclose it by muscle ultrasonography. In 85 consecutive ALS patients (40 men; the mean age, 66.8 years; the mean disease duration, 16.7 months), ultrasonography was performed in the 11 muscles (the tongue and both sides of the biceps brachii, first dorsal interosseous [FDI], Th10 paraspinalis, vastus lateralis and tibialis anterior). The frequency of fasciculations was scored from 0 to 3 at each muscles. Fasciculation detection rates in the tongue and Th10 paraspinalis were less frequently present than in the limb muscles. In limb onset patients, the means of fasciculation frequency scores were not significantly different between onset and non-onset sides. From the point of view of handedness, the FDI of the dominant side had more frequent fasciculations, compared with non-dominant side (1.8 ± 1.2 and 1.5 ± 1.2 in the FDI (p < 0.05), 2.3 ± 1.0 and 2.1 ± 1.1 in the biceps brachii, respectively). In conclusion, it may be better to take into account hand dominance for the evaluation of fasciculations in ALS. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.093
P1-1-7. Relationship between gray matter volume of posterior cingulate cortex and frontal activation—Kazuyuki Fujihara, Yuichi Takei, Minami Tagawa, Kosuke Narita, Koichi Ujita, Masato Fukuda (Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan) Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is one of key nodes of default mode network. Recent studies have suggested that the connectivities between PCC and the other brain regions have important role in working memory performance. Therefore, we hypothesized that the local gray matter volume of PCC can affect the functions of frontal cortex. To address this issue, we acquired T1 weighted images for voxel-based morphometry, and measured time course of frontal oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) during letter verbal fluency task (VFT). Seventeen healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study. We carried out the regression analysis between the gray matter concentration in PCC and the frontal oxy-Hb level during 0–60 s of VFT. This analysis found a significant cluster where the gray matter concentration is associated with frontal oxy-Hb level, even after adjustment of confounding factors including age and sex. Interestingly, there is no correlation between the gray matter concentration in frontal cortex and the frontal Oxy-Hb. These results suggest that gray matter volume of PCC rather than that of frontal cortex affects the extent of frontal activation during VFT. Our preliminary study may contribute to clarifying a role of PCC in the cognitive process. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.094
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P1-2-07. Relationship between Saccadic Eye Movements and Higher Brain Function in the elderly—Shingo Hashimoto 1, Kimitaka Hase 1, Rumi Tanemura 2, Kae Nakamura 3 1 ( Department of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan, 2 Life and Medical Sciences Area, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan, 3 Second Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan) Saccadic eye movements (SEM) are used as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. However, the relationship between SEM and higher brain function has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined SEM during the Trail Making Test part A (TMT-A), a neuropsychological test of visual attention and processing speed, and assessed the correlation between the frequency of SEM during TMT-A and neuropsychological test results. The eye movements of 43 elderly subjects (>65 y/o, mean 72.4 y/o), with no history of neuropsychiatric disorders, were measured using eye tracking glasses (SensoMotoric Instruments, Germany). Eye movements of more than 1.6 degrees/s were judged to be SEM. We found a significant inverse correlation between the frequency of SEM during TMT-A and the time required to complete TMT-A (r = 0.402, p = 0.008). We found a positive correlation with the Backward block-tapping span (r = 0.371, p = 0.015), a neuropsychological test of spatial working memory, and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (r = 0.301, p = 0.021). The lower frequency of SEM during TMT-A reflected lower processing speeds and spatial working memory, which may lead to poorer performance on neuropsychological tests. This result indicates that the frequency of SEM during TMT-A might be an informative biomarker for attention and cognitive function in the elderly. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.095
P1-2-09. Saccadic eye movements in spinocerebellar degeneration – correspondence to clinical manifestation—Satomi Inomata-Terada, Shinichi Tokushige, Shunichi Matsuda, Akihiro Yugeta, Masashi Hamada, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Yasuo Terao (Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo, Japan) Objectives: The cerebellum is implicated in the control of saccade but saccade abnormality in cerebellar disorders is not fully delineated, especially in the vertical directions. To clarify the role of the cerebellum, we studied saccades in hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) with pure cerebellar presentation. Methods: Subjects were 20 SCD patients (SCA6, 31) and 19 normal age-matched controls. We used the visual guided (VGS) and memory guided saccade tasks (MGS) in which targets were presented in 8 possible directions with 45 degree separation, and recorded saccades with a video-based eye tracker. Results: In SCA patients, latency was significantly delayed mainly in vertical and oblique directions, which correlated with SARA scores. The number of both overshoot and undershoot increased correlatively with SARA scores in all directions. Peak velocity showed no change, but the time from the beginning to the peak velocity of the saccade was shorter, whereas the time from the peak velocity to the end of saccade was longer. Conclusion: The change in amplitude and velocity profile may reflect abnormal output from the cerebellar nuclei, whereas the pathophysiology of prolonged latency remains elusive. We hope the saccade analysis paves the way toward objective assessment of SCD and other neurological disorders. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.096
to odor stimulus were associated with moderately depressed and anxious mental states in healthy people. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.092
O-3-39. Distribution of fasciculations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: An ultrasonographic study—Yoichi Suzuki, Kazumoto Shibuya, Sonoko Misawa, Yukari Sekiguchi, Hiroshi Amino, Tomoki Suichi, Atsuko Tsuneyama, Satoshi Kuwabara (Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan) In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the usefulness of ultrasonography has been increasingly recognized as a powerful tool to detect fasciculations. However, the distribution of fasciculations in the whole body has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to disclose it by muscle ultrasonography. In 85 consecutive ALS patients (40 men; the mean age, 66.8 years; the mean disease duration, 16.7 months), ultrasonography was performed in the 11 muscles (the tongue and both sides of the biceps brachii, first dorsal interosseous [FDI], Th10 paraspinalis, vastus lateralis and tibialis anterior). The frequency of fasciculations was scored from 0 to 3 at each muscles. Fasciculation detection rates in the tongue and Th10 paraspinalis were less frequently present than in the limb muscles. In limb onset patients, the means of fasciculation frequency scores were not significantly different between onset and non-onset sides. From the point of view of handedness, the FDI of the dominant side had more frequent fasciculations, compared with non-dominant side (1.8 ± 1.2 and 1.5 ± 1.2 in the FDI (p < 0.05), 2.3 ± 1.0 and 2.1 ± 1.1 in the biceps brachii, respectively). In conclusion, it may be better to take into account hand dominance for the evaluation of fasciculations in ALS. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.093
P1-1-7. Relationship between gray matter volume of posterior cingulate cortex and frontal activation—Kazuyuki Fujihara, Yuichi Takei, Minami Tagawa, Kosuke Narita, Koichi Ujita, Masato Fukuda (Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan) Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is one of key nodes of default mode network. Recent studies have suggested that the connectivities between PCC and the other brain regions have important role in working memory performance. Therefore, we hypothesized that the local gray matter volume of PCC can affect the functions of frontal cortex. To address this issue, we acquired T1 weighted images for voxel-based morphometry, and measured time course of frontal oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) during letter verbal fluency task (VFT). Seventeen healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study. We carried out the regression analysis between the gray matter concentration in PCC and the frontal oxy-Hb level during 0–60 s of VFT. This analysis found a significant cluster where the gray matter concentration is associated with frontal oxy-Hb level, even after adjustment of confounding factors including age and sex. Interestingly, there is no correlation between the gray matter concentration in frontal cortex and the frontal Oxy-Hb. These results suggest that gray matter volume of PCC rather than that of frontal cortex affects the extent of frontal activation during VFT. Our preliminary study may contribute to clarifying a role of PCC in the cognitive process. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.094
e37
P1-2-07. Relationship between Saccadic Eye Movements and Higher Brain Function in the elderly—Shingo Hashimoto 1, Kimitaka Hase 1, Rumi Tanemura 2, Kae Nakamura 3 1 ( Department of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan, 2 Life and Medical Sciences Area, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan, 3 Second Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan) Saccadic eye movements (SEM) are used as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. However, the relationship between SEM and higher brain function has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined SEM during the Trail Making Test part A (TMT-A), a neuropsychological test of visual attention and processing speed, and assessed the correlation between the frequency of SEM during TMT-A and neuropsychological test results. The eye movements of 43 elderly subjects (>65 y/o, mean 72.4 y/o), with no history of neuropsychiatric disorders, were measured using eye tracking glasses (SensoMotoric Instruments, Germany). Eye movements of more than 1.6 degrees/s were judged to be SEM. We found a significant inverse correlation between the frequency of SEM during TMT-A and the time required to complete TMT-A (r = 0.402, p = 0.008). We found a positive correlation with the Backward block-tapping span (r = 0.371, p = 0.015), a neuropsychological test of spatial working memory, and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (r = 0.301, p = 0.021). The lower frequency of SEM during TMT-A reflected lower processing speeds and spatial working memory, which may lead to poorer performance on neuropsychological tests. This result indicates that the frequency of SEM during TMT-A might be an informative biomarker for attention and cognitive function in the elderly. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.095
P1-2-09. Saccadic eye movements in spinocerebellar degeneration – correspondence to clinical manifestation—Satomi Inomata-Terada, Shinichi Tokushige, Shunichi Matsuda, Akihiro Yugeta, Masashi Hamada, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Yasuo Terao (Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo, Japan) Objectives: The cerebellum is implicated in the control of saccade but saccade abnormality in cerebellar disorders is not fully delineated, especially in the vertical directions. To clarify the role of the cerebellum, we studied saccades in hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) with pure cerebellar presentation. Methods: Subjects were 20 SCD patients (SCA6, 31) and 19 normal age-matched controls. We used the visual guided (VGS) and memory guided saccade tasks (MGS) in which targets were presented in 8 possible directions with 45 degree separation, and recorded saccades with a video-based eye tracker. Results: In SCA patients, latency was significantly delayed mainly in vertical and oblique directions, which correlated with SARA scores. The number of both overshoot and undershoot increased correlatively with SARA scores in all directions. Peak velocity showed no change, but the time from the beginning to the peak velocity of the saccade was shorter, whereas the time from the peak velocity to the end of saccade was longer. Conclusion: The change in amplitude and velocity profile may reflect abnormal output from the cerebellar nuclei, whereas the pathophysiology of prolonged latency remains elusive. We hope the saccade analysis paves the way toward objective assessment of SCD and other neurological disorders. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2018.02.096