- Email: [email protected]
P1-39 Birth weight and arterial compliance in childhood
Posters hypertension. In female offspring exposed to DEX, the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) is due to increased cardiac output (CO). The underlying mechanism leading to the increased MAP in male offspring and female offspring exposed to cortisol were examined in this study. Study design: Basal MAP, heart rate (HR) and CO were measured in offspring over 6 24 hours at 3 5 years of age. Stroke volume (SV) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were derived. Propanolol and phentolamine were infused over 20 hours to assess the effect of adrenergic receptor blockade. Results: Two-way ANOVA showed no differences between sexes in MAP, CO or TPR. Compared to the SAL group, MAP was elevated in the CORT group (P < 0.05) whilst the DEX group was intermediate between the CORT and SAL groups. HR was not different between groups. CO and SV were elevated in the DEX group compared to the CORT group (P < 0.05) and also tended to be higher than the SAL group (P = 0.1). TPR was elevated in the CORT group compared to DEX (P < 0.05) and also tended to be higher than the SAL group (P = 0.07). Phentolamine and propanolol increased HR and decreased MAP in all groups, but to a lesser degree in the CORT offspring. Conclusions: This study highlights important differences in cardiovascular control after prenatal exposure to CORT and DEX and suggests altered sympathetic activity may play a role. P1-37 Inflammatory markers and growth in European and South Asian origin infants in Britain J.C. Oldroyd1 *, A. Heald2 , A. Vyas1 , N. Bansal1 , K. Siddals2 , M. Gibson2 , P. Clayton3 , J.K. Cruickshank1 . 1 Clinical Epidemiology Group, University Department of Medicine & Cardiovascular Sciences, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK, 2 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hope Hospital, Salford UK, 3 Department of Child Health and Paediatric Endocrinology, University of Manchester, UK Aim: Given the excess coronary heart disease (CHD) related event rate in South Asians and the emerging importance of inflammation in CHD we tested the hypothesis that circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) would be higher in Pakistani than in European origin infants in Britain independently of differences in growth. Methods: Infants of Pakistani and European origin were investigated in a mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional cohort study. Detailed anthropometric and biological measurements were taken at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age. CRP levels were log transformed prior to analysis. Results: Pakistani infants had a significantly lower circulating log CRP on average compared with European infants (beta = 0.740, 95% CI 1.3 to 0.20, P = 0.007 for log CRP). There was no statistically significant change in log CRP from birth to 2 years in either ethnic group. In the cohort as a whole, only birthweight predicted log CRP at 24 months follow-up, after adjustment for current weight (beta = 0.001, P = 0.013). Weight gain during followup was not associated with log CRP in either ethnic group. Circulating IL-6 concentration was low or undetectable during follow-up. Conclusions: We found little evidence of differences in inflammatory markers in infants of different ethnic origin from birth to 2 years. Infant size and growth do not appear strongly to influence inflammatory markers. Environmental factors in later life may influence inflammatory markers more than neonatal phenotype.
S93 P1-38 Brain natriuretic peptide expression is significantly elevated during rapid myocardial regenration in MRL mice undergoing cryo-injury to the heart. A. Patel1,2 *, F.W. Anthony1 , F.R.A. Cagampang1 , S.K. Ohri2 , M.A. Hanson1 . 1 Centre for the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK, 2 Wessex Cardiothoracic Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK E-mail: [email protected] Background: We have shown previously that increased expression of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) occurs in adult offspring after protein restriction in utero. As well as a marker of heart failure, BNP has well documented anti-fibrotic effects on cardiomyocytes including suppression of collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase activity resulting in favourable cardiac remodelling after injury. MRL mice have the unique capacity of repairing ear punctures and myocardial damage with restoration of normal tissue architecture without scar formation. To determine their response to myocardial infarction (MI) and potential underlying gene expression changes we compared MRL mice to C57BL/6 control mice. Methods: Inferior MI was created by a direct 20 second cold cryoinjury to the heart using a 2 mm diameter steel probe cooled in liquid nitrogen. 6 week old MRL (n = 8) and C57BL/6 (n = 8) were used for cryo-injury and we performed sham operated controls for both groups MRL (n = 8) and C57BL/6 (n = 8). 24 hours after myocardial infarction animals were sacrificed and the infarcted heart tissue along with a 2 mm border of normal tissue was harvested for each animal. BNP mRNA expression was determined using sensitive real-time PCR. Results: No mortality was observed in any group. BNP was significantly raised in the MRL cryo-injury group only by 24 hours compared with all other groups (p < 0.001 ANOVA and Tukey Kramer Test). Conclusion: MRL mice have significant elevation of BNP profile at an early stage of myocardial infarction compared with controls, suggesting an advantageous remodelling and regenerative stimulus which is likely to have therapeutic implications.
P1-39 Birth weight and arterial compliance in childhood P.H.C. Rond´ o *, J.O. Lemos, J.A. Pereira, J.M. Oliveira, L.R. Innocente. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of S˜ ao Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 715, CEP- 01246 904, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Aim: To assess the relationship between birth weight (BW) and arterial compliance (elasticity of the large and small arteries and arterioles) in childhood. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Subjects: 471 Brazilian children from 5 to 8 years of age. Outcome measures: Large artery elasticity index (LAEI) and small artery elasticity index (SAEI) assessed by the HDI/Pulse WaveTM CR2000. Results: Linear regression models were applied to investigate the relationship between LAEI and SAEI and birth weight, gestational age at birth, LDL-c, HDL-c, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, triglycerides, waist circumference, BMI, CRP, age of the child, gender, per capita income, insulin and glucose. There were statistically significant associations between LAEI and birth weight, waist circumference, CRP, systolic blood pressure and age of the child (p < 0.03) and between SAEI and birth weight, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure and age of the child (p < 0.04). Conclusions: Arterial compliance decreased in children with the lowest birth weights. This finding may be the expression of an earlier atherogenetic susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in adolescence and adult life.
S93 P1-38 Brain natriuretic peptide expression is significantly elevated during rapid myocardial regenration in MRL mice undergoing cryo-injury to the heart. A. Patel1,2 *, F.W. Anthony1 , F.R.A. Cagampang1 , S.K. Ohri2 , M.A. Hanson1 . 1 Centre for the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK, 2 Wessex Cardiothoracic Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK E-mail: [email protected] Background: We have shown previously that increased expression of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) occurs in adult offspring after protein restriction in utero. As well as a marker of heart failure, BNP has well documented anti-fibrotic effects on cardiomyocytes including suppression of collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase activity resulting in favourable cardiac remodelling after injury. MRL mice have the unique capacity of repairing ear punctures and myocardial damage with restoration of normal tissue architecture without scar formation. To determine their response to myocardial infarction (MI) and potential underlying gene expression changes we compared MRL mice to C57BL/6 control mice. Methods: Inferior MI was created by a direct 20 second cold cryoinjury to the heart using a 2 mm diameter steel probe cooled in liquid nitrogen. 6 week old MRL (n = 8) and C57BL/6 (n = 8) were used for cryo-injury and we performed sham operated controls for both groups MRL (n = 8) and C57BL/6 (n = 8). 24 hours after myocardial infarction animals were sacrificed and the infarcted heart tissue along with a 2 mm border of normal tissue was harvested for each animal. BNP mRNA expression was determined using sensitive real-time PCR. Results: No mortality was observed in any group. BNP was significantly raised in the MRL cryo-injury group only by 24 hours compared with all other groups (p < 0.001 ANOVA and Tukey Kramer Test). Conclusion: MRL mice have significant elevation of BNP profile at an early stage of myocardial infarction compared with controls, suggesting an advantageous remodelling and regenerative stimulus which is likely to have therapeutic implications.
P1-39 Birth weight and arterial compliance in childhood P.H.C. Rond´ o *, J.O. Lemos, J.A. Pereira, J.M. Oliveira, L.R. Innocente. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of S˜ ao Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo 715, CEP- 01246 904, S˜ ao Paulo, SP, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Aim: To assess the relationship between birth weight (BW) and arterial compliance (elasticity of the large and small arteries and arterioles) in childhood. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Subjects: 471 Brazilian children from 5 to 8 years of age. Outcome measures: Large artery elasticity index (LAEI) and small artery elasticity index (SAEI) assessed by the HDI/Pulse WaveTM CR2000. Results: Linear regression models were applied to investigate the relationship between LAEI and SAEI and birth weight, gestational age at birth, LDL-c, HDL-c, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, triglycerides, waist circumference, BMI, CRP, age of the child, gender, per capita income, insulin and glucose. There were statistically significant associations between LAEI and birth weight, waist circumference, CRP, systolic blood pressure and age of the child (p < 0.03) and between SAEI and birth weight, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure and age of the child (p < 0.04). Conclusions: Arterial compliance decreased in children with the lowest birth weights. This finding may be the expression of an earlier atherogenetic susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in adolescence and adult life.