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P130: Time domain of reversals in auditory brainstem responses
Abstracts of Poster Presentations / Clinical Neurophysiology 125, Supplement 1 (2014) S1–S339
Conclusions: Gender differences in electrophysiological data might suggest that face processing tend to be inhibited in the female when they receive congruent audio-visual information. On the other hand, attention in the male tends to be attracted to face image not only in incongruent stimulus but also in congruent one.
P130 Time domain of reversals in auditory brainstem responses D. Vir, P. Sharma, S. Luthra, N.K. Panda, H. Kumar Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Speech and Hearing, Dept. of ENT, Chandigarh, India Question: Can Auditory Brain Stem Responses (ABR) [1] be a substitute for Electrocochleography (ECoG) [2] in the diagnosis of Auditory Neuropathy (AN) [3]/Auditory Dysnchrony AD? Method: A clinical study including: • 16 patients and • Age range, 9 to 43 months. Inclusion criterion: • Healthy external and middle ear • Diagnosed with AN/AD with severe-profound HL in ABR & BOA. The assessments performed were: 1. The clinical assessment: Detailed physical and Otorhinolaryngological examinations before Audiological assessment. 2. The audiological assessment: BOA, Impedance Audiometry (IA), OAE and ABR were repeated to confirm AN. Results: The TTD was computed and mean duration was calculated for the different peaks of CM. The mean duration of 1st peak – 0.41ms; [range 0.21–0.68ms] 2nd peak – 1.05ms; [range 0.61–1.35ms] 3rd peak – 1.84ms; [range 1.08–2.33ms] 4th peak – 2.66ms; [range 2.01–3.10ms] 5th peak – 3.34ms; [range 2.80–3.81ms] 6th peak – 4.08ms; [range of 3.6–4.36ms] Conclusion: The traces obtained in response to rarefaction or condensation clicks revealed that a low-amplitude oscillation, followed by first high amplitude of the CM [4] and reversed in phase in response to stimuli of opposite polarity. This phase inversion means that this low amplitude activity is the CM itself, lasting longer than previously believed. So evaluation of CM duration by visual inspection represents a challenging if not impossible task. CM can be obtained on ABR and this can provide a good replacement for ECoG. References: [1] Hall JW (2007). New handbook of auditory evoked response. Boston: Pearson. [2] Santarelli R, Scimemi P, Dal Monte E, Arslan E (2006). Cochlear microphonic potential recorded by transtympanic electrocochleography in normally-hearing and hearing-impaired ears. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 26(2):78-95. [3] Hood LJ (1998). Auditory neuropathy: What is and what can we do about it. Original material from the Hearing Journal 51(8), August, Lousiana State University Health Science Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biocommunication and the Kresge Laboratory. [4] Wever EG, Bray CW (1930). Auditory nerve impulses. Science 71(1834): 215.
P131 Evoked potentials after painful electrical stimulation: preliminary results 1
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J.M. Matamala , J.L. Castillo , R. Verdugo , M. Campero , G. Barraza , Y.-T. Wang 1 , R.J. Guiloff 2 1 University of Chile, Department of Neurological Science, Santiago, Chile; 2 University of Chile, Department of Neurology, Santiago, Chile Question: It is not known whether somatosensory evoked potentials after painful electrical stimulation (SEPpain) evaluate selectively the termoalgesic pathway. Methodology: Eighteen healthy adult subjects were recruited in the study. SEPpain were recorded in Cz to A1/A2 (10-20 EEG system), band-pass filter: 3-100 Hz. Stimuli were applied using ring electrodes in the right middle finger and in the right second toe. The stimulation protocol was double
S83
pulse, 1 ms pulse duration, ISI 5 ms, in trains of 10 stimuli at 0.1Hz. The electrical stimulation intensity used was chosen for each subject as the one that evoked a painful perception in the painful visual analog scale (VAS) (VAS 8 in 14 subjects, VAS 4 or more in 4). In 9 of the subjects we also recorded SEP using non-painful stimuli. Results: Mean age was 36.3±12.3 years. In the upper limbs latencies were for N1=133.1±14.1 ms and for P1=192.7±17.9 ms. In the lower limbs latencies were for N1=155.8±14.8 ms and for P1=206.7±15.7 ms. In the 9 subjects with non-painful stimulation, we obtained SEPs of similar latency but smaller in amplitude (p=0.0039). Discussion: Painful SEP is a simple and reproducible electrophysiological technique. SEPs of similar latencies are obtained with painful and nonpainful stimuli, and there is an amplitude increase with higher intensity stimulation. In conclusion, painful SEP pain by electrical stimulation may not only evaluate the termoalgesic pathway. Fondecyt No. 1120339: L. Acevedo, G. Barraza, M. Campero, J.L. Castillo, R. Guiloff, J. Honeyman, R. Hughes, J.M. Matamala, E. Mullins, C. Ramirez, H. Rojas, I. Sazunic, R. Verdugo, Y. Wang.
P132 A systematic study of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) from upper and lower limb muscles E. Papathanasiou 1 , C. Iosif 2 , S. Papacostas 1 The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinic B, Nicosia, Cyprus; 2 The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus 1
Question: From which upper and lower limb muscles can we reliably record VEMPs, including those that have not been reported previously, and what are their characteristics? Methods: Twelve physiologically normal volunteers were recruited (age range 17-26 years, 4 males and 8 females). Together with the cVEMPs (from the sternocleidomastoid muscle) and oVEMPs (from the inferior oblique muscle), attempts to record VEMPs in response to moderate intensity (120 dB pSPL) tone (500 Hz) stimulation were done from the tonically active deltoid, biceps brachii (BB), triceps brachii (TB), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor digitorum communis (EDC), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius and abductor hallucis (AH) muscles. Results: Reproducible responses were obtained from all muscles, with mean initial peak times of 15.4 msec (cVEMP), 8.6 msec (oVEMP), 12 msec (deltoid), 13.7 msec (biceps), 14 msec (triceps), 14.5 msec (FCR), 11.7 msec (EDC), 13.7 msec (ADM), 14.2 msec (VL), 18 msec (gastrocnemius), 16 msec (TA) and 20 msec (AH). All responses were unobtainable at 6Hz tone stimulation which is beyond the range of saccular stimulation. The AH was exceptional in being absent in some normal volunteers. Of the limb muscles, the highest corrected amplitudes were from the FCR and the lowest from the ADM and triceps. Conclusion: It is possible to record VEMPs from all upper and lower limb muscles with different mean latencies and amplitudes. This should prove useful in evaluating lesions in the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord where the vestibulospinal tracts are located.
P138 Auditory gating function in common marmosets T. Murai, T. Nakako, M. Ikejiri, M. Miyauti, S. Nakazawa, K. Ikeda Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Drug Development Research Laboratories, Suita, Osaka, Japan Question: Common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, are small primates with a maximum body weight of only 500g. Although the marmoset brain is smaller than that of rhesus macaque, it has anatomical features similar to those found in other primates, including humans. However, the natures of the sensory processing of them have not been cleared. In this study, we examined the auditory gating function of marmosets and the effects of ketamine on it. Methods: Five marmosets were implanted with 5 chronic electrodes on the brain. They were exposed to 2 identical consecutive auditory stimuli under awake and free-moving conditions. The potential differences between the positive and negative deflections, 40 and 80 ms after the stimuli, were measured. Ketamine (3mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly to the marmosets.
Conclusions: Gender differences in electrophysiological data might suggest that face processing tend to be inhibited in the female when they receive congruent audio-visual information. On the other hand, attention in the male tends to be attracted to face image not only in incongruent stimulus but also in congruent one.
P130 Time domain of reversals in auditory brainstem responses D. Vir, P. Sharma, S. Luthra, N.K. Panda, H. Kumar Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Speech and Hearing, Dept. of ENT, Chandigarh, India Question: Can Auditory Brain Stem Responses (ABR) [1] be a substitute for Electrocochleography (ECoG) [2] in the diagnosis of Auditory Neuropathy (AN) [3]/Auditory Dysnchrony AD? Method: A clinical study including: • 16 patients and • Age range, 9 to 43 months. Inclusion criterion: • Healthy external and middle ear • Diagnosed with AN/AD with severe-profound HL in ABR & BOA. The assessments performed were: 1. The clinical assessment: Detailed physical and Otorhinolaryngological examinations before Audiological assessment. 2. The audiological assessment: BOA, Impedance Audiometry (IA), OAE and ABR were repeated to confirm AN. Results: The TTD was computed and mean duration was calculated for the different peaks of CM. The mean duration of 1st peak – 0.41ms; [range 0.21–0.68ms] 2nd peak – 1.05ms; [range 0.61–1.35ms] 3rd peak – 1.84ms; [range 1.08–2.33ms] 4th peak – 2.66ms; [range 2.01–3.10ms] 5th peak – 3.34ms; [range 2.80–3.81ms] 6th peak – 4.08ms; [range of 3.6–4.36ms] Conclusion: The traces obtained in response to rarefaction or condensation clicks revealed that a low-amplitude oscillation, followed by first high amplitude of the CM [4] and reversed in phase in response to stimuli of opposite polarity. This phase inversion means that this low amplitude activity is the CM itself, lasting longer than previously believed. So evaluation of CM duration by visual inspection represents a challenging if not impossible task. CM can be obtained on ABR and this can provide a good replacement for ECoG. References: [1] Hall JW (2007). New handbook of auditory evoked response. Boston: Pearson. [2] Santarelli R, Scimemi P, Dal Monte E, Arslan E (2006). Cochlear microphonic potential recorded by transtympanic electrocochleography in normally-hearing and hearing-impaired ears. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 26(2):78-95. [3] Hood LJ (1998). Auditory neuropathy: What is and what can we do about it. Original material from the Hearing Journal 51(8), August, Lousiana State University Health Science Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biocommunication and the Kresge Laboratory. [4] Wever EG, Bray CW (1930). Auditory nerve impulses. Science 71(1834): 215.
P131 Evoked potentials after painful electrical stimulation: preliminary results 1
1
1
2
2
J.M. Matamala , J.L. Castillo , R. Verdugo , M. Campero , G. Barraza , Y.-T. Wang 1 , R.J. Guiloff 2 1 University of Chile, Department of Neurological Science, Santiago, Chile; 2 University of Chile, Department of Neurology, Santiago, Chile Question: It is not known whether somatosensory evoked potentials after painful electrical stimulation (SEPpain) evaluate selectively the termoalgesic pathway. Methodology: Eighteen healthy adult subjects were recruited in the study. SEPpain were recorded in Cz to A1/A2 (10-20 EEG system), band-pass filter: 3-100 Hz. Stimuli were applied using ring electrodes in the right middle finger and in the right second toe. The stimulation protocol was double
S83
pulse, 1 ms pulse duration, ISI 5 ms, in trains of 10 stimuli at 0.1Hz. The electrical stimulation intensity used was chosen for each subject as the one that evoked a painful perception in the painful visual analog scale (VAS) (VAS 8 in 14 subjects, VAS 4 or more in 4). In 9 of the subjects we also recorded SEP using non-painful stimuli. Results: Mean age was 36.3±12.3 years. In the upper limbs latencies were for N1=133.1±14.1 ms and for P1=192.7±17.9 ms. In the lower limbs latencies were for N1=155.8±14.8 ms and for P1=206.7±15.7 ms. In the 9 subjects with non-painful stimulation, we obtained SEPs of similar latency but smaller in amplitude (p=0.0039). Discussion: Painful SEP is a simple and reproducible electrophysiological technique. SEPs of similar latencies are obtained with painful and nonpainful stimuli, and there is an amplitude increase with higher intensity stimulation. In conclusion, painful SEP pain by electrical stimulation may not only evaluate the termoalgesic pathway. Fondecyt No. 1120339: L. Acevedo, G. Barraza, M. Campero, J.L. Castillo, R. Guiloff, J. Honeyman, R. Hughes, J.M. Matamala, E. Mullins, C. Ramirez, H. Rojas, I. Sazunic, R. Verdugo, Y. Wang.
P132 A systematic study of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) from upper and lower limb muscles E. Papathanasiou 1 , C. Iosif 2 , S. Papacostas 1 The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinic B, Nicosia, Cyprus; 2 The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus 1
Question: From which upper and lower limb muscles can we reliably record VEMPs, including those that have not been reported previously, and what are their characteristics? Methods: Twelve physiologically normal volunteers were recruited (age range 17-26 years, 4 males and 8 females). Together with the cVEMPs (from the sternocleidomastoid muscle) and oVEMPs (from the inferior oblique muscle), attempts to record VEMPs in response to moderate intensity (120 dB pSPL) tone (500 Hz) stimulation were done from the tonically active deltoid, biceps brachii (BB), triceps brachii (TB), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor digitorum communis (EDC), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius and abductor hallucis (AH) muscles. Results: Reproducible responses were obtained from all muscles, with mean initial peak times of 15.4 msec (cVEMP), 8.6 msec (oVEMP), 12 msec (deltoid), 13.7 msec (biceps), 14 msec (triceps), 14.5 msec (FCR), 11.7 msec (EDC), 13.7 msec (ADM), 14.2 msec (VL), 18 msec (gastrocnemius), 16 msec (TA) and 20 msec (AH). All responses were unobtainable at 6Hz tone stimulation which is beyond the range of saccular stimulation. The AH was exceptional in being absent in some normal volunteers. Of the limb muscles, the highest corrected amplitudes were from the FCR and the lowest from the ADM and triceps. Conclusion: It is possible to record VEMPs from all upper and lower limb muscles with different mean latencies and amplitudes. This should prove useful in evaluating lesions in the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord where the vestibulospinal tracts are located.
P138 Auditory gating function in common marmosets T. Murai, T. Nakako, M. Ikejiri, M. Miyauti, S. Nakazawa, K. Ikeda Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Drug Development Research Laboratories, Suita, Osaka, Japan Question: Common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, are small primates with a maximum body weight of only 500g. Although the marmoset brain is smaller than that of rhesus macaque, it has anatomical features similar to those found in other primates, including humans. However, the natures of the sensory processing of them have not been cleared. In this study, we examined the auditory gating function of marmosets and the effects of ketamine on it. Methods: Five marmosets were implanted with 5 chronic electrodes on the brain. They were exposed to 2 identical consecutive auditory stimuli under awake and free-moving conditions. The potential differences between the positive and negative deflections, 40 and 80 ms after the stimuli, were measured. Ketamine (3mg/kg) was administered intramuscularly to the marmosets.