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P.8.030 Impaired recognition of facial emotional expressions in elderly
P8 Other topics Belgrade, Yugoslavia," SMedical Militaty Academy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Yugoslavia Our previous study has shown that systemically applied carbamazepine and its 10-keto analog oxcarbazepine have antihyperalgesic effect against inflammatory pain in rats [ 1]. Recently, Todorovic et al. [2] have demonstrated that carbamazepine, injected intradermally into the rat hind paw, is very effective local analgesic in a model of acute thermal nociception. Beside that, there are no other evidences on the local peripheral antinociceptive effect of carbamazepine and up until now, there is no data on the same effect of oxcarbazepine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of locally administered oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory hyperalgesia, and to compare it to the same effect of carbamazepine. Male Wistar rats (180 220g) were used in the present experiments. Each experimental group consisted of 6 to 8 rats. The antinociceptive activity was determined by modified "paw-pressure" test, using the apparatus for evaluating the force exerted by rat hind paws in order to determine right/left differences. The difference (d) is calculated as: d force (g) applied on healthy paw force (g) applied on inflamed paw. Carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine were coadministrated intraplantarly (i.pl.) with the pro-inflammatory compound concanavalin A (Con A, 0.8mg/paw), into the right hind paw. Postdrug d was measured at 90, 150, 210, 270 and 330 min after drug administration. Control animals received the same volume of Con A (i.pl.) dissolved in the same vehicle. The ED50 is calculated using linear regression as the dose that was expected to result in a 50% of the maximal analgesic activity. Carbamazepine (100 1000 nmol/paw) and oxcarbazepine ( 1 0 0 0 0 000 nmol/paw) coadministrated intraplantarly with Con A caused a significant doseand time-dependent reduction in differences in forces exerted by rat hind paws in a modified paw pressure test (p < 0.05; One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test). The anti-hyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine were due to local effects, since they were not observed after administration of these drugs into the contralateral hind paw. The corresponding ED50 ± S.E.M. (95% confidence limits) obtained at 150min are 984.95±136.60 (541.92 1790.19) nmol/paw and 3322.36±299.54 (1055.18 10460.82) nmol/paw for carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine, respectively, indicating that carbamazepine is about 4 times more potent than oxcarbazepine in producing local peripheral anti-hyperalgesic effect. In conclusion, the present study suggests the potential clinical importance of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in the treatment of inflammatory pain. Local administration of these drugs could be beneficial in producing fewer or no adverse drug effects and lack of drug interactions.
References [1] Tomic, M.A., Vuckovic, S.M., Stepanovic-Petrovic, R.M., Ugresic, N., Prostran, M.S., Boskovic, B., 2004. The anti-hyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are attenuated by treatment with adenosine receptor antagonists. Pain 111,253 260. [2] Todorovic, S.M., Rastogi, A.J., Jevtovic-Todorovic, V., 2003. Potent analgesic effects of anticonvulsants on peripheral thermal nociception in rats. Br. J. Pharmacol. 140, 255 260.
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$619
Impaired recognition of facial emotional expressions in elderly
C.T. Lee*, H.K. Lee, Y.S. Kweon, J.H. Chae, K.U. Lee.
Uijeongbu St. Maty "sHospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Department of Psychiatty, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonngi-Do, Republic of Korea Objectives: It is well known that some cognitive function and perceptual abilities are declining with aging. However, studies about the change of emotion-related functions are rare across nations. This study is to investigate differences of facial emotional recognition between elderly aged over 60 years and young aged below 30 years. Methods: Korean facial expressions of emotion including happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, surprise and neutral were used as stimuli for facial affect recognition test. Computerized facial affect recognition test that consists of facial affect identification test and facial affect intensity test was done. Results: A total of 120 (elderly group 53, young group) was participated in this study. For facial affect identification test, there was a significant difference between two groups (F 3.986, p < 0.01) after controlling the effect of education year. Elderly participants showed significantly less correct recognition rate with sadness, anger and disgust (p < 0.05). For facial affect intensity test, there was no significant difference between groups in recognition of emotional intensity. Conclusions: This is the first study that reports impairment of facial affect recognition in elderly using Korean facial expressions. This study suggests that dysfunction of facial affect recognition maybe be part of normal aging process.
References [1] Calder AJ, Kean J, Manly T, Sprengelmeyer R, Scott S, Nimmo-Smith I, et al., 2003. Facial expression recognition across the adult life span. Neuropsychologia 41, 195~02. [2] Phillips LH, Allen R., 2004. Adult aging and the perceived intensity of emotions in faces and stories. Aging Clin Exp Res 16, 19~199.
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Successful use of modafinil in delayed sleep phase syndrome
G. Chew 1 *, A.T. Fernando 2. ]Auckland Regional Psychiatric
Training Program, Auckland, New Zealand; 2 University of Auckland, Psychiatty, New Zealand Purpose: To report a case where modafinil has been used successfully in the management of delayed sleep phase syndrome. Method: Case Report. Results: A 15 year old European boy was referred by his general practitioner to a private sleep service. His presenting complaint was difficult sleep latency. This had been particularly severe over the last 6 months. At its worst he was falling asleep at 5am and waking 8 9 hours later. In the week prior to initial consultation he was sleeping at 3am waking at l l a m to 12pm. When he is able to sleep continuously he feels well and not tired during the day. However because he has to attend school, he is irritable and tired in the morning with poor concentration. This settles in the afternoon. Over the last few months there have been absences from school and poor performance which have resulted in this consultation. His mother reported that he had problems with initial insomnia for many years. There is no report of any
References [1] Tomic, M.A., Vuckovic, S.M., Stepanovic-Petrovic, R.M., Ugresic, N., Prostran, M.S., Boskovic, B., 2004. The anti-hyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are attenuated by treatment with adenosine receptor antagonists. Pain 111,253 260. [2] Todorovic, S.M., Rastogi, A.J., Jevtovic-Todorovic, V., 2003. Potent analgesic effects of anticonvulsants on peripheral thermal nociception in rats. Br. J. Pharmacol. 140, 255 260.
•
$619
Impaired recognition of facial emotional expressions in elderly
C.T. Lee*, H.K. Lee, Y.S. Kweon, J.H. Chae, K.U. Lee.
Uijeongbu St. Maty "sHospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Department of Psychiatty, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonngi-Do, Republic of Korea Objectives: It is well known that some cognitive function and perceptual abilities are declining with aging. However, studies about the change of emotion-related functions are rare across nations. This study is to investigate differences of facial emotional recognition between elderly aged over 60 years and young aged below 30 years. Methods: Korean facial expressions of emotion including happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, surprise and neutral were used as stimuli for facial affect recognition test. Computerized facial affect recognition test that consists of facial affect identification test and facial affect intensity test was done. Results: A total of 120 (elderly group 53, young group) was participated in this study. For facial affect identification test, there was a significant difference between two groups (F 3.986, p < 0.01) after controlling the effect of education year. Elderly participants showed significantly less correct recognition rate with sadness, anger and disgust (p < 0.05). For facial affect intensity test, there was no significant difference between groups in recognition of emotional intensity. Conclusions: This is the first study that reports impairment of facial affect recognition in elderly using Korean facial expressions. This study suggests that dysfunction of facial affect recognition maybe be part of normal aging process.
References [1] Calder AJ, Kean J, Manly T, Sprengelmeyer R, Scott S, Nimmo-Smith I, et al., 2003. Facial expression recognition across the adult life span. Neuropsychologia 41, 195~02. [2] Phillips LH, Allen R., 2004. Adult aging and the perceived intensity of emotions in faces and stories. Aging Clin Exp Res 16, 19~199.
•
Successful use of modafinil in delayed sleep phase syndrome
G. Chew 1 *, A.T. Fernando 2. ]Auckland Regional Psychiatric
Training Program, Auckland, New Zealand; 2 University of Auckland, Psychiatty, New Zealand Purpose: To report a case where modafinil has been used successfully in the management of delayed sleep phase syndrome. Method: Case Report. Results: A 15 year old European boy was referred by his general practitioner to a private sleep service. His presenting complaint was difficult sleep latency. This had been particularly severe over the last 6 months. At its worst he was falling asleep at 5am and waking 8 9 hours later. In the week prior to initial consultation he was sleeping at 3am waking at l l a m to 12pm. When he is able to sleep continuously he feels well and not tired during the day. However because he has to attend school, he is irritable and tired in the morning with poor concentration. This settles in the afternoon. Over the last few months there have been absences from school and poor performance which have resulted in this consultation. His mother reported that he had problems with initial insomnia for many years. There is no report of any