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Participation of macrophages in host defense against respiratory viruses
272
4
LIFE SPAN PROLONGATION CANCER
EFFECT OF LENTINAN ON PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED OR RECURRENT GASTRIC
T. Taguohi,H. Pumu~,T.KimuT~z,T.Kondoh, T.Hattor~,I. Itoh c~d N. O g ~ Osaka University, Osaka;Teikyo University, Tokyo;Nationrl Medical Center, Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo;Nagoya Uniuersity,Nagoya;Hiroshima University,Hiroshima;Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo and Ehime University,Matsuyama, Japan Lentinan(LNT), a purified polysaccharide extracted from Lentinus edodes(edible Japanese mushroom), is an immunostimulating agent. In order to clarify clinical efficacy of LNT, randomized controlled trial was conducted under the following two kinds of treatments, namely, one was the single administration of tegafur as control treatment(FT group), and the other was the combination administration of LNT and FT(LNT group). LNT was administered at the dosis of Img/person/day twice a week or 2mg/person/day once a week by intravenous injection. Kaplan-Meier's method and generalized Wilcoxon's test were employed for the assessment of l_ife span ~rolongation e ffect(LPE) of LNT. Eligible cases were 72 in FT group and 77 in LNT group. Remarkable LPE of LNT was observed with statistical significance(P<0.01). In addition, LPE of LNT were observed £n the following stratifications; Zubrod's performance status of the patients at the commencement of the trial; with or without prior chemotherapy; with or without primary lesions. Thus, LNT should be effective for the patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer in combination with FT.
8~
PARTICIPATION OF MACROPHAGES IN HOST DEFENSE AGAINST RESPIRATORY VIRUSES. M. Nowakowski,
Dept.
o£ Pathology,
S.U.N.¥.,
Downstate
Medical Center,
Brooklyn,
N.Y.
The outcome of v i r a l i n f e c t i o n s i n v i v o depends on the metabolic changes occurring i n the target cells. H o n o n u c i e a r p h a g o c y t e s a r e e s p e c i a l l y i m p o r t a n t as t a r g e t c e i l s o f v i r u s i n f e c t i o n because o f t h e i r c e n t r a l r o l e i n t h e immune r e s p o n s e , c l e a r a n c e and inflan~nation. The i n t r a c e l l u l a r e v e n t s f o l l o w i n g t h e i n v i t r o i n f e c t i o n o f m u r i n e monon u c l e a r p h a g o c y t e s w i t h i n f l u e n z a A v i r u s depend on t h e s i t e o f o r i g i n o f t h e h o s t cells. Resident bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) expressed viral hemagglutinin at their surface at 6 hrs post-lnfection (PI) (80-90% of the cells positive in the hemadsorption assay). A pronounced cytopathic effect was present at 24 hrs PI. In contrast, ouly 20% of resident peritoneal macrophages (PM) were positive in the hemadsorption assay at 6 hrs PI, and the culture as a whole did not show significant cytopathic effects. Both cell types, however, supported the synthesis of influenza-speclflc polypeptides. Moreover, virus-speclfic polypeptides were present in both types of macrophages in amounts similar to those found in permissive MDCK cells. Neither Infectious virus nor hemagglutinatlng activity could be detectc3 in supernaSants of infected B&M or PM. Thus, production of influenza virus particles is blocked by mouse macrophages, apparently at late stages of virus replication. The mechanism(s) responsible for ~hese virus-host cell interactions are being investigated.
4
LIFE SPAN PROLONGATION CANCER
EFFECT OF LENTINAN ON PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED OR RECURRENT GASTRIC
T. Taguohi,H. Pumu~,T.KimuT~z,T.Kondoh, T.Hattor~,I. Itoh c~d N. O g ~ Osaka University, Osaka;Teikyo University, Tokyo;Nationrl Medical Center, Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo;Nagoya Uniuersity,Nagoya;Hiroshima University,Hiroshima;Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo and Ehime University,Matsuyama, Japan Lentinan(LNT), a purified polysaccharide extracted from Lentinus edodes(edible Japanese mushroom), is an immunostimulating agent. In order to clarify clinical efficacy of LNT, randomized controlled trial was conducted under the following two kinds of treatments, namely, one was the single administration of tegafur as control treatment(FT group), and the other was the combination administration of LNT and FT(LNT group). LNT was administered at the dosis of Img/person/day twice a week or 2mg/person/day once a week by intravenous injection. Kaplan-Meier's method and generalized Wilcoxon's test were employed for the assessment of l_ife span ~rolongation e ffect(LPE) of LNT. Eligible cases were 72 in FT group and 77 in LNT group. Remarkable LPE of LNT was observed with statistical significance(P<0.01). In addition, LPE of LNT were observed £n the following stratifications; Zubrod's performance status of the patients at the commencement of the trial; with or without prior chemotherapy; with or without primary lesions. Thus, LNT should be effective for the patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer in combination with FT.
8~
PARTICIPATION OF MACROPHAGES IN HOST DEFENSE AGAINST RESPIRATORY VIRUSES. M. Nowakowski,
Dept.
o£ Pathology,
S.U.N.¥.,
Downstate
Medical Center,
Brooklyn,
N.Y.
The outcome of v i r a l i n f e c t i o n s i n v i v o depends on the metabolic changes occurring i n the target cells. H o n o n u c i e a r p h a g o c y t e s a r e e s p e c i a l l y i m p o r t a n t as t a r g e t c e i l s o f v i r u s i n f e c t i o n because o f t h e i r c e n t r a l r o l e i n t h e immune r e s p o n s e , c l e a r a n c e and inflan~nation. The i n t r a c e l l u l a r e v e n t s f o l l o w i n g t h e i n v i t r o i n f e c t i o n o f m u r i n e monon u c l e a r p h a g o c y t e s w i t h i n f l u e n z a A v i r u s depend on t h e s i t e o f o r i g i n o f t h e h o s t cells. Resident bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) expressed viral hemagglutinin at their surface at 6 hrs post-lnfection (PI) (80-90% of the cells positive in the hemadsorption assay). A pronounced cytopathic effect was present at 24 hrs PI. In contrast, ouly 20% of resident peritoneal macrophages (PM) were positive in the hemadsorption assay at 6 hrs PI, and the culture as a whole did not show significant cytopathic effects. Both cell types, however, supported the synthesis of influenza-speclflc polypeptides. Moreover, virus-speclfic polypeptides were present in both types of macrophages in amounts similar to those found in permissive MDCK cells. Neither Infectious virus nor hemagglutinatlng activity could be detectc3 in supernaSants of infected B&M or PM. Thus, production of influenza virus particles is blocked by mouse macrophages, apparently at late stages of virus replication. The mechanism(s) responsible for ~hese virus-host cell interactions are being investigated.