- Email: [email protected]
Passive load-relevant structures of the musculoskeletal system in the forelimb of the horse
404
Abstracts with other changes in body physiology, including immune function. Knowledge of common variations assists in planning treatments.
FASCIA SCIENCE AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: ABSTRACTS
References
Figure 3
physical therapy exercises gradually resulted in marked improvement in the knee pain but persistent back pain radiating to the big toe. When manual therapy was followed 24 hours later by chiropractic manipulation, there was movement felt lower in the spine than previously, and back pain resolved. Xrays showed 6 lumbar vertebrae. Review of xrays of his mother also showed 6 lumbar vertebrae.
Conclusion Anatomic variations in nerves, muscles and bones are common. Some have a genetic basis and may be associated
1. Asher RJ, Lin KH, Kardjilov N, Hautier L May 2011 Variability and constraint in the mammalian vertebral column. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 24(5):10801090 2. Bots J, Wijnaendts LCD, Delen S, Van Dongen S, Heikinheimo K, Galis F Sep 2011 Analysis of cervical ribs in a series of human fetuses. Journal of Anatomy 219(3):403-409 3. Galis F, Van Dooren TJM, Feuth JD, Metz JAJ, Witkam A, Ruinard S, et al. Dec 2006 Extreme selection in humans against homeotic transformations of cervical vertebrae. Evolution 60(12):2643-2654 4. Kottlors M, Glocker FX Mar 2010 Dermatomyotomal supply in patients with variations in the number of lumbar vertebrae. Journal of Neurosurgery Spine 12(3):314-319 5. Loukas M, Bellary SS, Tubbs RS, Shoja MM, Cohen Gadol AA Mar 2011 Deep palmar communications between the ulnar and median nerves. Clinical Anatomy 24(2):197-201 6. Oxnard CE, Franklin D 2008 Ghosts of the past II: muscles and fasciae in the primate forelimb domain. Folia Primatologica 79(6):441-457 7. Pilbeam D May 15 2004 The anthropoid postcranial axial skeleton: comments on development, variation, and evolution. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular & Developmental Evolution 302(3):241-267 8. Webber R 1956 The lumbar nerves in a body with six lumbar vertebrae. Anat rec 126:123-126
doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.01.044
Passive load-relevant structures of the musculoskeletal system in the forelimb of the horse Monika Egerbacher a,*, Gerhard Forstenpointer a, Gerald Weissengruber a, Theresia Licka b, Christian Peham c a Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria b Clinic for Large Animals/Orthopaedics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria c Movement Science Group, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria * Corresponding author. Tel.: 43-1-25077-3400, fax: 43-125077-3490.
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Egerbacher).
Background The aim of the study was to describe the structural variations of different fascia of the forelimb in the horse. We compared histological samples from the craniolateral section of the fascia brachii, the fascia antebrachii and the pars cruciformis vaginae fibrosae of the vagina fibrosa digitorum manus.
Material & methods Tissue samples were dissected from formalin fixed legs of horses, embedded in paraffin and cut in 2 planes. Sections
Abstracts were stained with H&E for general overview and Azan blue and Weigert’s resorcin fuchsin for detection of fiber composition. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in order to classify the cells as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts or muscle cells. We used the following antibodies: Mc mouse anti-human sm actin, Clone 1A4 (1:400), mc mouse antihuman desmin, Clone D33 (1:300), mc mouse anti-human vimentin, Clone V9 (1:200), (all: DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) and mc mouse anti-human sm myosin, Clone hSMV (1:300, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA).
405 a very regular pattern. It contained only a few very thin elastic fibers preferably running in the loose connective tissue between the layers. In the vagina fibrosa, the collagen fibers were arranged in parallel strands loosely connected by thinner fibrils containing a fair amount of thin elastic fibers. In all investigated samples, fibroblasts were positive for vimentin only. The cells did not show any signs of differentiation towards myofibroblasts shown by the negative staining with the respective markers.
Results The fascia brachii contained thick bundles of elastic fibers running longitudinally in proximodistal direction as well as weaker strands running perpendicularly. They are accompanied by loose connective tissue and lined by layers of coarse collagen fibers. At the proximal end of the sample, extending muscle fibers of the deltoid muscle can be found between two thick sheets of coarse connective tissue. A surprising observation concerned the shape of the nuclei. Whereas cell nuclei were elongate in the coarse collageneous connective tissue, they appeared wavy and corkscrew-like in the elastic tissue. The fascia antebrachii consists of separate layers of collagen fiber bundles of various thickness arranged in
We show the varied composition of three fascial structures in the forelimb of the horse. Contrary to other fascia e.g. in humans, our equine samples did not contain myofibroblasts. The nuclear deformation within the elastic tissue may represent a functional adaptation with respect to mechanotransduction of tissue loads into cellular signals. More detailed studies are necessary in order to clarify the role of the presumably age-, size-, load- and positiondependent tissue composition of fascia in the light of power-saving effects and the known comparatively small reduction of efficiency loss in the ageing equine locomotor system.
doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.01.045
Interfascial block by ultrasound-guided puncture for the treatment of myofascial pain of the trapezius muscle.
techniques with ultrasound-guided puncture, involving 90 patients with myofascial pain in the trapezius muscle.
´s Domingo-Rufes, MD a,*, Maribel Miguel-Pe ´rez, MD Toma PhD b, Victor Mayoral, MD a, Juan Blasi, PhD c, ´, MD PhD. a Antonio Sabate
Methods
a
Consultant anaesthesiology. Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. C / Feixa Larga s / n 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona). Spain b Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Spain c Unity of Histology. Department of Experimental Pathology and Therapeutic. Faculty of Medicine (HSC.Bellvitge). University of Barcelona. Spain * Tel.: +0034 932607323. Fax: 0034 932607998 E-mail address: [email protected] (T. Domingo-Rufes).
Background The interfascial space between the trapezius and levator scapulae, supraspinatus and rhomboid major contains nerve structures that provide sensory and motor innervation to the muscles themselves and to the surrounding tissues. One of the main goals of myofascial pain treatment is muscle relaxation, followed by rehabilitation involving stretching exercises. This study evaluates the use of interfascial block
We studied 90 patients (63 women and 28 men) with myofascial pain in the trapezius muscle. Trigger Points were present in all patients. Mean age was 55 years old (27 - 86). 52 patients had unilateral pain and 38 bilateral. Body Mass Index: 25 (18 - 35). Patients were seen consecutively in our pain unit over a period of 18 months, each having had myofascial pain for over three months. All patients had received drug treatment with no improvement and agreed to receive treatment after signing informed consent forms. Pain was assessed by use of a visual analogue scale (VAS 0 Z no pain, 10 Z worst pain) before and after the procedure. The puncture was performed with a 22G Quincke 0.72 x 90 ´couen, France) and an ultrasound Sonomm of Vygon Ò (E Site M-Turbo ä (Bothell, WA, USA) equipped with a linear probe (13 - 6 MHz). VAS was carried out before performing the technique: 5.4 (4 - 7). Depending on the location of trigger points, injection was performed between the fascia of the trapezius and levator scapula, trapezius and supraspinatus, or trapezius and rhomboid major. After usual measures of sterility were taken, the needle was introduced in plane, and injection point was checked by using hydrodissection of the interfascial space. We Injected 6 ml of bupivacain 0,125% without vasoconstrictor, and 4 mg of dexamethasone. All patients were
FASCIA SCIENCE AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: ABSTRACTS
Conclusions
Abstracts with other changes in body physiology, including immune function. Knowledge of common variations assists in planning treatments.
FASCIA SCIENCE AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: ABSTRACTS
References
Figure 3
physical therapy exercises gradually resulted in marked improvement in the knee pain but persistent back pain radiating to the big toe. When manual therapy was followed 24 hours later by chiropractic manipulation, there was movement felt lower in the spine than previously, and back pain resolved. Xrays showed 6 lumbar vertebrae. Review of xrays of his mother also showed 6 lumbar vertebrae.
Conclusion Anatomic variations in nerves, muscles and bones are common. Some have a genetic basis and may be associated
1. Asher RJ, Lin KH, Kardjilov N, Hautier L May 2011 Variability and constraint in the mammalian vertebral column. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 24(5):10801090 2. Bots J, Wijnaendts LCD, Delen S, Van Dongen S, Heikinheimo K, Galis F Sep 2011 Analysis of cervical ribs in a series of human fetuses. Journal of Anatomy 219(3):403-409 3. Galis F, Van Dooren TJM, Feuth JD, Metz JAJ, Witkam A, Ruinard S, et al. Dec 2006 Extreme selection in humans against homeotic transformations of cervical vertebrae. Evolution 60(12):2643-2654 4. Kottlors M, Glocker FX Mar 2010 Dermatomyotomal supply in patients with variations in the number of lumbar vertebrae. Journal of Neurosurgery Spine 12(3):314-319 5. Loukas M, Bellary SS, Tubbs RS, Shoja MM, Cohen Gadol AA Mar 2011 Deep palmar communications between the ulnar and median nerves. Clinical Anatomy 24(2):197-201 6. Oxnard CE, Franklin D 2008 Ghosts of the past II: muscles and fasciae in the primate forelimb domain. Folia Primatologica 79(6):441-457 7. Pilbeam D May 15 2004 The anthropoid postcranial axial skeleton: comments on development, variation, and evolution. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular & Developmental Evolution 302(3):241-267 8. Webber R 1956 The lumbar nerves in a body with six lumbar vertebrae. Anat rec 126:123-126
doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.01.044
Passive load-relevant structures of the musculoskeletal system in the forelimb of the horse Monika Egerbacher a,*, Gerhard Forstenpointer a, Gerald Weissengruber a, Theresia Licka b, Christian Peham c a Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria b Clinic for Large Animals/Orthopaedics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria c Movement Science Group, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria * Corresponding author. Tel.: 43-1-25077-3400, fax: 43-125077-3490.
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Egerbacher).
Background The aim of the study was to describe the structural variations of different fascia of the forelimb in the horse. We compared histological samples from the craniolateral section of the fascia brachii, the fascia antebrachii and the pars cruciformis vaginae fibrosae of the vagina fibrosa digitorum manus.
Material & methods Tissue samples were dissected from formalin fixed legs of horses, embedded in paraffin and cut in 2 planes. Sections
Abstracts were stained with H&E for general overview and Azan blue and Weigert’s resorcin fuchsin for detection of fiber composition. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in order to classify the cells as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts or muscle cells. We used the following antibodies: Mc mouse anti-human sm actin, Clone 1A4 (1:400), mc mouse antihuman desmin, Clone D33 (1:300), mc mouse anti-human vimentin, Clone V9 (1:200), (all: DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) and mc mouse anti-human sm myosin, Clone hSMV (1:300, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA).
405 a very regular pattern. It contained only a few very thin elastic fibers preferably running in the loose connective tissue between the layers. In the vagina fibrosa, the collagen fibers were arranged in parallel strands loosely connected by thinner fibrils containing a fair amount of thin elastic fibers. In all investigated samples, fibroblasts were positive for vimentin only. The cells did not show any signs of differentiation towards myofibroblasts shown by the negative staining with the respective markers.
Results The fascia brachii contained thick bundles of elastic fibers running longitudinally in proximodistal direction as well as weaker strands running perpendicularly. They are accompanied by loose connective tissue and lined by layers of coarse collagen fibers. At the proximal end of the sample, extending muscle fibers of the deltoid muscle can be found between two thick sheets of coarse connective tissue. A surprising observation concerned the shape of the nuclei. Whereas cell nuclei were elongate in the coarse collageneous connective tissue, they appeared wavy and corkscrew-like in the elastic tissue. The fascia antebrachii consists of separate layers of collagen fiber bundles of various thickness arranged in
We show the varied composition of three fascial structures in the forelimb of the horse. Contrary to other fascia e.g. in humans, our equine samples did not contain myofibroblasts. The nuclear deformation within the elastic tissue may represent a functional adaptation with respect to mechanotransduction of tissue loads into cellular signals. More detailed studies are necessary in order to clarify the role of the presumably age-, size-, load- and positiondependent tissue composition of fascia in the light of power-saving effects and the known comparatively small reduction of efficiency loss in the ageing equine locomotor system.
doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2012.01.045
Interfascial block by ultrasound-guided puncture for the treatment of myofascial pain of the trapezius muscle.
techniques with ultrasound-guided puncture, involving 90 patients with myofascial pain in the trapezius muscle.
´s Domingo-Rufes, MD a,*, Maribel Miguel-Pe ´rez, MD Toma PhD b, Victor Mayoral, MD a, Juan Blasi, PhD c, ´, MD PhD. a Antonio Sabate
Methods
a
Consultant anaesthesiology. Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. C / Feixa Larga s / n 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona). Spain b Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Spain c Unity of Histology. Department of Experimental Pathology and Therapeutic. Faculty of Medicine (HSC.Bellvitge). University of Barcelona. Spain * Tel.: +0034 932607323. Fax: 0034 932607998 E-mail address: [email protected] (T. Domingo-Rufes).
Background The interfascial space between the trapezius and levator scapulae, supraspinatus and rhomboid major contains nerve structures that provide sensory and motor innervation to the muscles themselves and to the surrounding tissues. One of the main goals of myofascial pain treatment is muscle relaxation, followed by rehabilitation involving stretching exercises. This study evaluates the use of interfascial block
We studied 90 patients (63 women and 28 men) with myofascial pain in the trapezius muscle. Trigger Points were present in all patients. Mean age was 55 years old (27 - 86). 52 patients had unilateral pain and 38 bilateral. Body Mass Index: 25 (18 - 35). Patients were seen consecutively in our pain unit over a period of 18 months, each having had myofascial pain for over three months. All patients had received drug treatment with no improvement and agreed to receive treatment after signing informed consent forms. Pain was assessed by use of a visual analogue scale (VAS 0 Z no pain, 10 Z worst pain) before and after the procedure. The puncture was performed with a 22G Quincke 0.72 x 90 ´couen, France) and an ultrasound Sonomm of Vygon Ò (E Site M-Turbo ä (Bothell, WA, USA) equipped with a linear probe (13 - 6 MHz). VAS was carried out before performing the technique: 5.4 (4 - 7). Depending on the location of trigger points, injection was performed between the fascia of the trapezius and levator scapula, trapezius and supraspinatus, or trapezius and rhomboid major. After usual measures of sterility were taken, the needle was introduced in plane, and injection point was checked by using hydrodissection of the interfascial space. We Injected 6 ml of bupivacain 0,125% without vasoconstrictor, and 4 mg of dexamethasone. All patients were
FASCIA SCIENCE AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: ABSTRACTS
Conclusions