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synbiotic formulation
152:1, 2015
ESVP/ECVP Proceedings 2012
MISCELLANEOUS CHRONIC PANCREATITIS IN A HORSE M. Leipig *, K. Abenthum *, B. Wollanke y, I. Czupalla y, I. Esposito z, K. Steiger z, W. Hermanns * and N. Herbach* *Institute of Veterinary Pathology, yClinic for Horses at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich and z Department of Pathology, Technische Universit€at, Munich, Germany Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis is a sporadically occurring disease in horses. Ascending intestinal infections and intraductal parasites are discussed as a possible cause. Materials and Methods: A 16-year-old Friesian gelding with a history of relapsing colic was submitted for necropsy examination. Organ samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and plastic, sectioned and stained by haematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa and Masson’s trichrome stain. Results: Macroscopically, a firm, solid, 20 8 8 cm mass was found in the pancreatic area. The cut surface had a lobular structure with multiple cavities. Microscopically, a severe chronic diffuse fibrosing pancreatitis with acinareductal metaplasia and duct dysplasia was diagnosed. Conclusions: In horses with relapsing colic, chronic pancreatitis must be considered as a possible differential diagnosis. Acinareductal metaplasia and ductal dysplasia are considered to be precursor lesions of murine and human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ENDOMETRIAL CYTOLOGY IN MARES: EFFECTIVENESS AND CORRELATION WITH BACTERIOLOGY M. Sforna, C. Brachelente, E. Lepri, M.L. Marenzoni, F. Passamonti and L. Mechelli Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy Introduction: The detection of subclinical endometritis in the equine breeding industry is a frequently overlooked and, often underdiagnosed problem resulting in an important prerequisite for chronic infertility of mares. The purpose of this study was to assess whether cytology could be validated as a quick and effective tool to diagnose subclinical endometritis in correlation with bacteriological examinations. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three uterine smears from 63 mares were collected by uterine flush technique and, after centrifugation, examined by light microscopy (100 and 400 magnifications). According to the number of neutrophils (PMNs), endometritis was graded as absent or mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2) or severe (grade 3). An aliquot of the fluid was plated on blood agar, McConkey’s agar and Sabouraud’s agar and plates were incubated aerobically at 37 C for 24e48 h. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Thirty-eight of 73 (52%) smears were positive for endometritis with different degrees of severity (18% grade 1, 55% grade 2 and 27% grade 3). The statistical correlation between cytology and bacteriological tests was significant (P 5 0.0016) and appeared to be strongly correlated with the isolation of Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus (P !0.0001). No statistical correlation was found with isolation of Escherichia coli. Conclusions: The study confirms uterine cytology as the gold standard in the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis of the mare and emphasizes its correlation with bacteriological examination. This has proven particularly effective in identifying S. equi zooepidemicus infections and less effective for E. coli infections, probably due to the different pathogenic mechanisms involved. AORTIC VALVE PATHOLOGY IN A EUROPEAN BISON (BISON BONASUS) K. Barszcz *, K. Warchulska y, M. Sobczak-Filipiak y, M. Kupczy n ska *, K. Olbrych *, M. Krzysiak z and W. Bieleckiy *Department of Morphological Science, yDepartment of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw and zBiałowiez_ a National Park Pałacowy 11, 17-230 Białowiez_ a, Poland Introduction: The available literature provides no descriptions of the aortic valve pathology of the European bison, although comparable pathology has been more fully studied in people. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 26 hearts of adult European bisons (Bison bonasus) of various ages and both sexes.
77
The observations were carried out with the use of an operating microscope with an integrated video channel. Results: In 25 bisons the aortic valve consisted of the three semilunar leaflets: left, right and septal (valvula semilunaris sinistra, dextra et septalis). The free edges of the adjacent semilunar leaflets of the aortic valve were more closely adjoined towards the wall of aorta, forming an almost unified commissure. Three aortic valve commissures were noticed: left, right and intermediary (commissura valvae aortae sinistra, dextra et intermedia). In one case (male, 3.5 years old, 390 kg body weight) perforations of the left and septal semilunar leaflets were observed. Pathological changes were localized on both sides of the left aortic valvae commissure. The lateral fibrous attachments of the leaflets were well developed. Conclusions: The aortic valve can be affected by a range of diseases such as rheumatic valve disease, degenerative disease or endocarditis. Perforation of the semilunar leaflets causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE COLON IN THE TNBS MODEL OF COLITIS IN RATS TREATED WITH FUNCTIONAL FOOD CONTAINING PROBIOTIC/ SYNBIOTIC FORMULATION T. Petreska Ivanovska *, I. Gjurovski y, M. Jurhar Pavlova z, L. Petrushevska-Tozi *, T. Ristoski y and K. Mladenovska* *Faculty of Pharmacy, yFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and zFaculty of Medicine, University ‘Ss Cyril and Methodius’, Skopje, Macedonia Introduction: Lactic acid bacteria may have a preventive role in inflammatory bowel diseases due to inappropriate and continuing inflammatory response to commensal microbes in a genetically susceptible host. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in the colon of rats with chemically-induced colitis after oral administration of functional food product containing nonencapsulated and encapsulated probiotic/synbiotic. Materials and Methods: Three groups of female Wistar rats (n 5 6, 180e250 g, 10e14 weeks old) in which trinitrobenzene-sulphonic acid (TNBS) colitis was induced, received ayran containing free probiotic/synbiotic and encapsulated synbiotic, respectively, orally, once daily (8.5e8.9 log cfu/g of the food product). A control group received drinking water and plain ayran. Histopathological examination was performed on colon segments that were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Results: Histopathological examination of the colons of rats receiving ayran-containing synbiotic microparticles showed significant differences compared with the control groups. Ulceration of the mucosa and sub-mucosa, accompanied by extensive inflammatory infiltration and congested blood vessels, was observed in the nontreated group, while higher integrity of mucosal architecture of colon tissue was apparent when encapsulated synbiotic was administered. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of the colon revealed that ayran-containing microencapsulated synbiotic is a convenient anti-inflammatory therapy. These results were confirmed with biochemical examination of myeloperoxidase activity. THE INDUCTION OF CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS: OBTAINING AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR TESTING THE EFFICACY OF DRUGS A. Drzewiecka *, R. Sornat *, A. Mickiewicz y, K. Gruszka *, J. Kupny *, A. Kropid1o *, I. Mrzyk *, A. Szewczyk *, E. Strzy newska z and J. Szarekz *Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna, Pszczyna, y Altoria Sp.z o.o, Warszawa and zDepartment of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Introduction: Animal models are used in the search for drugs for treatment of gastrointestinal inflammation in man. In these models, intestinal lesions, which are similar to those in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are induced. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on 80 female Wistar rats. The animals were randomized into four groups (A, B, C and D) defined by the day on which they were killed. In each group, five females received rectally 50% ethyl alcohol and ethanolic
ESVP/ECVP Proceedings 2012
MISCELLANEOUS CHRONIC PANCREATITIS IN A HORSE M. Leipig *, K. Abenthum *, B. Wollanke y, I. Czupalla y, I. Esposito z, K. Steiger z, W. Hermanns * and N. Herbach* *Institute of Veterinary Pathology, yClinic for Horses at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich and z Department of Pathology, Technische Universit€at, Munich, Germany Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis is a sporadically occurring disease in horses. Ascending intestinal infections and intraductal parasites are discussed as a possible cause. Materials and Methods: A 16-year-old Friesian gelding with a history of relapsing colic was submitted for necropsy examination. Organ samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and plastic, sectioned and stained by haematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa and Masson’s trichrome stain. Results: Macroscopically, a firm, solid, 20 8 8 cm mass was found in the pancreatic area. The cut surface had a lobular structure with multiple cavities. Microscopically, a severe chronic diffuse fibrosing pancreatitis with acinareductal metaplasia and duct dysplasia was diagnosed. Conclusions: In horses with relapsing colic, chronic pancreatitis must be considered as a possible differential diagnosis. Acinareductal metaplasia and ductal dysplasia are considered to be precursor lesions of murine and human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ENDOMETRIAL CYTOLOGY IN MARES: EFFECTIVENESS AND CORRELATION WITH BACTERIOLOGY M. Sforna, C. Brachelente, E. Lepri, M.L. Marenzoni, F. Passamonti and L. Mechelli Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy Introduction: The detection of subclinical endometritis in the equine breeding industry is a frequently overlooked and, often underdiagnosed problem resulting in an important prerequisite for chronic infertility of mares. The purpose of this study was to assess whether cytology could be validated as a quick and effective tool to diagnose subclinical endometritis in correlation with bacteriological examinations. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three uterine smears from 63 mares were collected by uterine flush technique and, after centrifugation, examined by light microscopy (100 and 400 magnifications). According to the number of neutrophils (PMNs), endometritis was graded as absent or mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2) or severe (grade 3). An aliquot of the fluid was plated on blood agar, McConkey’s agar and Sabouraud’s agar and plates were incubated aerobically at 37 C for 24e48 h. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Thirty-eight of 73 (52%) smears were positive for endometritis with different degrees of severity (18% grade 1, 55% grade 2 and 27% grade 3). The statistical correlation between cytology and bacteriological tests was significant (P 5 0.0016) and appeared to be strongly correlated with the isolation of Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus (P !0.0001). No statistical correlation was found with isolation of Escherichia coli. Conclusions: The study confirms uterine cytology as the gold standard in the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis of the mare and emphasizes its correlation with bacteriological examination. This has proven particularly effective in identifying S. equi zooepidemicus infections and less effective for E. coli infections, probably due to the different pathogenic mechanisms involved. AORTIC VALVE PATHOLOGY IN A EUROPEAN BISON (BISON BONASUS) K. Barszcz *, K. Warchulska y, M. Sobczak-Filipiak y, M. Kupczy n ska *, K. Olbrych *, M. Krzysiak z and W. Bieleckiy *Department of Morphological Science, yDepartment of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw and zBiałowiez_ a National Park Pałacowy 11, 17-230 Białowiez_ a, Poland Introduction: The available literature provides no descriptions of the aortic valve pathology of the European bison, although comparable pathology has been more fully studied in people. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 26 hearts of adult European bisons (Bison bonasus) of various ages and both sexes.
77
The observations were carried out with the use of an operating microscope with an integrated video channel. Results: In 25 bisons the aortic valve consisted of the three semilunar leaflets: left, right and septal (valvula semilunaris sinistra, dextra et septalis). The free edges of the adjacent semilunar leaflets of the aortic valve were more closely adjoined towards the wall of aorta, forming an almost unified commissure. Three aortic valve commissures were noticed: left, right and intermediary (commissura valvae aortae sinistra, dextra et intermedia). In one case (male, 3.5 years old, 390 kg body weight) perforations of the left and septal semilunar leaflets were observed. Pathological changes were localized on both sides of the left aortic valvae commissure. The lateral fibrous attachments of the leaflets were well developed. Conclusions: The aortic valve can be affected by a range of diseases such as rheumatic valve disease, degenerative disease or endocarditis. Perforation of the semilunar leaflets causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE COLON IN THE TNBS MODEL OF COLITIS IN RATS TREATED WITH FUNCTIONAL FOOD CONTAINING PROBIOTIC/ SYNBIOTIC FORMULATION T. Petreska Ivanovska *, I. Gjurovski y, M. Jurhar Pavlova z, L. Petrushevska-Tozi *, T. Ristoski y and K. Mladenovska* *Faculty of Pharmacy, yFaculty of Veterinary Medicine and zFaculty of Medicine, University ‘Ss Cyril and Methodius’, Skopje, Macedonia Introduction: Lactic acid bacteria may have a preventive role in inflammatory bowel diseases due to inappropriate and continuing inflammatory response to commensal microbes in a genetically susceptible host. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in the colon of rats with chemically-induced colitis after oral administration of functional food product containing nonencapsulated and encapsulated probiotic/synbiotic. Materials and Methods: Three groups of female Wistar rats (n 5 6, 180e250 g, 10e14 weeks old) in which trinitrobenzene-sulphonic acid (TNBS) colitis was induced, received ayran containing free probiotic/synbiotic and encapsulated synbiotic, respectively, orally, once daily (8.5e8.9 log cfu/g of the food product). A control group received drinking water and plain ayran. Histopathological examination was performed on colon segments that were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Results: Histopathological examination of the colons of rats receiving ayran-containing synbiotic microparticles showed significant differences compared with the control groups. Ulceration of the mucosa and sub-mucosa, accompanied by extensive inflammatory infiltration and congested blood vessels, was observed in the nontreated group, while higher integrity of mucosal architecture of colon tissue was apparent when encapsulated synbiotic was administered. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of the colon revealed that ayran-containing microencapsulated synbiotic is a convenient anti-inflammatory therapy. These results were confirmed with biochemical examination of myeloperoxidase activity. THE INDUCTION OF CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS: OBTAINING AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR TESTING THE EFFICACY OF DRUGS A. Drzewiecka *, R. Sornat *, A. Mickiewicz y, K. Gruszka *, J. Kupny *, A. Kropid1o *, I. Mrzyk *, A. Szewczyk *, E. Strzy newska z and J. Szarekz *Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna, Pszczyna, y Altoria Sp.z o.o, Warszawa and zDepartment of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Introduction: Animal models are used in the search for drugs for treatment of gastrointestinal inflammation in man. In these models, intestinal lesions, which are similar to those in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are induced. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on 80 female Wistar rats. The animals were randomized into four groups (A, B, C and D) defined by the day on which they were killed. In each group, five females received rectally 50% ethyl alcohol and ethanolic