- Email: [email protected]
Patulin-induced changes in femoral bone structure of adult rabbits
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 185S (2014) S37–S125
Chromatin dynamics in porcine embryos Frantisek Strejcek 1,∗ , Rahul Deshmukh 2 , Olga Østrup 2 , Morten Vejlsted 3 , Martin Morovic 1 , Josef Fulka Jr. 4 , Heiner Niemann 5 , Jozef Laurincik 1 , Poul Hyttel 2 1 Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic 2 Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 3 Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 4 Department of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic 5 Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
S47
ing horses grouped in two lots, with different training patterns: Lc horses performed the training commonly and Lexp horses performed the training proposed by actual researches. The standard test applied to horses in T0 moment and after the 8 special training session was to analyze parameters during the course with 11 jumping obstacles. The difficulty of the obstacle varied according to the age horses (2 years – 60 cm, 4 years – 100 cm, 9 years – 140 cm and >9 years – 150 cm). After 8 weeks of training, the application of the final tests noted a significant improvement in the physical condition of all horses in both groups. For horses Lexp highlights from statistical comparisons existence of distinct significant differences (p < 0.001) for [Lactate] after the race and for jumping energy judged by the rider (R) and significant differences (p < 0.01) for [Lactate] at rest, number of obstacle down, jumping technical ability (R) and jumping energy judged by an observer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.158
E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Strejcek). In the last two decades, rapid progress has been made in the development of new technologies of reproduction for genetic improvement in farm animals. The present study investigated chromatin and nucleolar dynamics in porcine embryos developed in vivo (IV) and compared this physiological standard to that produced by in vitro (IVF). The embryos were recovered from the flushed PBS at different time points: days 1–2 (zygotes), days 2–3 (two- and four-cell stages), days 3–4 (four and eight-cell/morulae), days 5–6 (early blastocysts), and days 6–7 (late blastocysts). In contrast to IV embryos, chromatin spatial and temporal dynamics in IVF embryos were altered; starting with pronucleus development at the zygote, aberrant chromatin–nuclear envelope interactions at the two-cell stage, delayed nucleolar development at the fourand eight-cell stage, less development of the heterochromatin halo around nucleolous precursor body – NPB (indicating imperfections in global chromatin remodeling after fertilization/activation) and ultimately culminating in extraordinary few and large and binucleated cells in at least one blastomere at the blastocyst stage. All this can result in impairing their developmental capacity. This work was supported by VEGA 1/0077/11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.157 Effects of 3 different interval training programs on horses used for obstacle courses. Evaluation based on blood lactate concentration, heart rate, obstacle faults, technique and energy level while jumping Florin Murariu 1,∗ , Otilia Cristina Murariu 2 , Ioan Gîlca 1 1
Management of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ias¸i, Romania 2 Horticultural Techonologies Department, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ias¸i, Romania E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Murariu). The purpose of a structured training program in the jumping horses is to improve performance by inducing physiologic changes. The equine musculature has large inherent potential to adapt at training pressures; this is significant as correct training improves endurance, strength and speed. There have been selected 10 jump-
Patulin-induced changes in femoral bone structure of adult rabbits Ramona Babosova 1,∗ , Veronika Kovacova 1 , Radoslav Omelka 2 , Hana Chovancova 1 , Ivana Bobonova 1 , Marcela Capcarova 3 , Monika Martiniakova 1 1
Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia 2 Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia 3 Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Babosova). Patulin, a mycotoxin produced mainly by Penicillium expansum, has a broad spectrum of cellular and animal toxicities. We investigated the impact of patulin on femoral bone structure in adult rabbits. Four-months-old female and male rabbits (n = 14) of meat line M91 were divided into two groups. In the first group (7 individuals), rabbits were intramuscularly injected with patulin at dose 10 g kg−1 body weight for 4 weeks, 2 times per week. Rabbits (7 individuals) without patulin addition served as a control group. Growth characteristics and histological structure of femoral bones were investigated in each group. We found that intramuscular application of patulin causes significant increase of cortical bone thickness (P < 0.05), and induces changes in qualitative histological characteristics of the bone in both genders of rabbits. In patulinintoxicated males, accelerated endosteal bone remodeling with a higher number of secondary osteons was observed. On the other hand, femoral diaphyses of females had significantly lower number of secondary osteons. The size of primary osteons’ vascular canals was decreased only in males exposed to patulin (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that the effect of patulin on femoral bone structure in rabbits is gender-dependent. The study was supported by the grant KEGA 035UKF-4/2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.159
Chromatin dynamics in porcine embryos Frantisek Strejcek 1,∗ , Rahul Deshmukh 2 , Olga Østrup 2 , Morten Vejlsted 3 , Martin Morovic 1 , Josef Fulka Jr. 4 , Heiner Niemann 5 , Jozef Laurincik 1 , Poul Hyttel 2 1 Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic 2 Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 3 Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 4 Department of Biology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic 5 Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
S47
ing horses grouped in two lots, with different training patterns: Lc horses performed the training commonly and Lexp horses performed the training proposed by actual researches. The standard test applied to horses in T0 moment and after the 8 special training session was to analyze parameters during the course with 11 jumping obstacles. The difficulty of the obstacle varied according to the age horses (2 years – 60 cm, 4 years – 100 cm, 9 years – 140 cm and >9 years – 150 cm). After 8 weeks of training, the application of the final tests noted a significant improvement in the physical condition of all horses in both groups. For horses Lexp highlights from statistical comparisons existence of distinct significant differences (p < 0.001) for [Lactate] after the race and for jumping energy judged by the rider (R) and significant differences (p < 0.01) for [Lactate] at rest, number of obstacle down, jumping technical ability (R) and jumping energy judged by an observer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.158
E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Strejcek). In the last two decades, rapid progress has been made in the development of new technologies of reproduction for genetic improvement in farm animals. The present study investigated chromatin and nucleolar dynamics in porcine embryos developed in vivo (IV) and compared this physiological standard to that produced by in vitro (IVF). The embryos were recovered from the flushed PBS at different time points: days 1–2 (zygotes), days 2–3 (two- and four-cell stages), days 3–4 (four and eight-cell/morulae), days 5–6 (early blastocysts), and days 6–7 (late blastocysts). In contrast to IV embryos, chromatin spatial and temporal dynamics in IVF embryos were altered; starting with pronucleus development at the zygote, aberrant chromatin–nuclear envelope interactions at the two-cell stage, delayed nucleolar development at the fourand eight-cell stage, less development of the heterochromatin halo around nucleolous precursor body – NPB (indicating imperfections in global chromatin remodeling after fertilization/activation) and ultimately culminating in extraordinary few and large and binucleated cells in at least one blastomere at the blastocyst stage. All this can result in impairing their developmental capacity. This work was supported by VEGA 1/0077/11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.157 Effects of 3 different interval training programs on horses used for obstacle courses. Evaluation based on blood lactate concentration, heart rate, obstacle faults, technique and energy level while jumping Florin Murariu 1,∗ , Otilia Cristina Murariu 2 , Ioan Gîlca 1 1
Management of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ias¸i, Romania 2 Horticultural Techonologies Department, Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Ias¸i, Romania E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Murariu). The purpose of a structured training program in the jumping horses is to improve performance by inducing physiologic changes. The equine musculature has large inherent potential to adapt at training pressures; this is significant as correct training improves endurance, strength and speed. There have been selected 10 jump-
Patulin-induced changes in femoral bone structure of adult rabbits Ramona Babosova 1,∗ , Veronika Kovacova 1 , Radoslav Omelka 2 , Hana Chovancova 1 , Ivana Bobonova 1 , Marcela Capcarova 3 , Monika Martiniakova 1 1
Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia 2 Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia 3 Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Babosova). Patulin, a mycotoxin produced mainly by Penicillium expansum, has a broad spectrum of cellular and animal toxicities. We investigated the impact of patulin on femoral bone structure in adult rabbits. Four-months-old female and male rabbits (n = 14) of meat line M91 were divided into two groups. In the first group (7 individuals), rabbits were intramuscularly injected with patulin at dose 10 g kg−1 body weight for 4 weeks, 2 times per week. Rabbits (7 individuals) without patulin addition served as a control group. Growth characteristics and histological structure of femoral bones were investigated in each group. We found that intramuscular application of patulin causes significant increase of cortical bone thickness (P < 0.05), and induces changes in qualitative histological characteristics of the bone in both genders of rabbits. In patulinintoxicated males, accelerated endosteal bone remodeling with a higher number of secondary osteons was observed. On the other hand, femoral diaphyses of females had significantly lower number of secondary osteons. The size of primary osteons’ vascular canals was decreased only in males exposed to patulin (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that the effect of patulin on femoral bone structure in rabbits is gender-dependent. The study was supported by the grant KEGA 035UKF-4/2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.159