- Email: [email protected]
Performance and wear characteristics in diamond core drilling
197A blowout pre,,enters and detection equipment, and a comprehensive mud grouting system, and continuously records up to ten drilling variables
875203 Extraordinary drilling challenge in the Rocky Mountain overthrust belt S~anson, J D: Brandt. 1 .M: Johnston. R D SPE Drilling Engng 12..VI. 3[arc/z 198 "~. P'.¢-~5
875 i 98 High performance PCD rotary drilling tools Dicckmann. M Geodrilling .V43, April 19,5'7. P27-29
A drilling project to e'.aluate the Madison formauon at depths greater than 5000m is described. T~o pre,,ious holes from essentially the same site ~ere abandoned afro: numerot,s problems, including severe de',iation and hole instability'. The third hole ~as successfully' completed after 500 da~s continuous operation. The setting and cementing of large diameter casing strings, and the drilling of a liner through a plastic evaporite zone were amongst the problems o~ercome.
Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) drill bits are ~idely used in the petroleum and natural gas industries, and the a,,ailability of a wider range of PCD inserts has meant that man~ more applications can use PCD bits. The manufacture of PCD drill bits. their bonuses, and design changes ~hich must be made from the old carbide insert bits are described, with special reference to drilling holes for methane drainage in the German coal mining industry',
875199 Guided Ionghole drilling Rees, D H Gluckauf-forschungsh 1"48, N2. April 1987. P74-81 The ability to drill near horizontal holes up to 1000m in length within coal seams is of great potential value to the British coal industry. Equipment under development is described. It uses rotary drilling with do~vn-hole motors, angle measurement sensors to assist with steering, and natural gamma logging to difl'erentiate rock and coat lithology. Results from surface and underground trials are presented.
875200 Subsea template drilling in the North Sea - experience gained during the initial stages of the Balmoral development Thorpe, D; Taylor, P J Pet Tech V39. N3. March 1987. P331-339 Drilling over a seabed template under hostile conditions in the North Sea is described. A slim-hole drilling and casing program was chosen on cost grounds. Special equipment and techniques used arc presented, including directional drilling, surveying using magnetic and measurement ~vhilc drilling methods, and a special low toxicity' oil based drilling mud.
875201 Computer program for air or gas drilling Chu, M H: Puon, P S Oil Gas J V85, N12. 23 March 1987. P49-51 A microcomputer program is presented which can be used by field engineers to predict the minimum volumetric requirements for air or gas drilling 'fluid" when air or gas drilling.
875202 Development in hydraulic drifter drilling Tapaninaho, "lQuarry ;14anage ~14. .v3, March 1987, P29-32 Improvements in hydraulic top hammer drilling equipment have made it competitive with rotary and down-the-hole drilling in soft rocks at greater diameters than was previously possible. Better drill steels give better hole straightness, improved flushing capacity and greater energy transmission to the bit. The future of hydraulic drilling to the turn of the century is considered. ~
87520-1 Geology drilling log - a computer database system for drilling simulation Onyia, E C SPE Drilling Engng 1"2..\'1. March 198-, 1'27-36 A computer based Engineering Simulator for Dri!ling (ESD) has been de,eloped which allows simulation of drilling in different geological areas using actual drilling and geological data for that environment. The Geology Drilling Log (GDI_.) is the data base used by the ESD which alio~vs rock properties to be described in sufficient detail. Engineering models and other simulation activities use data from the GDI.. The techniques used to build the GDL are discussed. 875205 Penetration-rate performance of roller-cone bits Warren, T M SPE Drilling Engng ['2, :VI. March 1987, P9-18 A model, taking into account both cuttings generation and removal, has been developed to predict penetration rate for roller-cone bits under low borchole pressure conditions. Drilling data from high borehole pressure conditions are analysed to determine why the penetration rate falls as borehole pressure increases. Two contributory factors arc found, buildup of debris underneath the drill bit and a local cratering effect. Remedial measures are examined. 875206 Exploration drilling in the Blendevale area, Western Australia: a case history Campbell, R P Proc Drillex 87, Stonele~gh, 7-10 April 1987 PI-4. Publ London. IMM. 1987 The exploration drilling program since 1972 in a hot, remote, monsoonal area is described. The area is basically a limestone reef, in some places o~crlain by calcareous siltstone, and contains zinc:lead deposits and possibly oil. Conditions are amenable to highly productive drilling. The equipment, logistics. costs, and the typical penetration rates achieved are described. 875207 Performance and wear characteristics in diamond core drilling Cassapi, V B; Ambrose, D: Waller, M D Proc Drillex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P5-20. Publ London. IMM. 198 7 Laboratory tests under controlled conditions examincd the "performance of 2 drill bits, of new design and with slightly different diamond concentrations, in Swedish granite and coarse sandstones. The load on the bit. rotational drilling speed, water flush rate, torque, penetration rate. and wear rate were the drilling parameters monitored through the tests. Attempts were made to correlate drilling performance with rock properties and drill bit design. Rate of penetration was
1987 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
198A affected by both hardness and abrasiveness. The latter property affects the rate of wear of the drill bit matrix and thus the rate of exposure of new diamond. Further work on a wide variety of rock materials is still required. 875208 Core drilling with Syndax 3 polycrystalline diamond Clark, I E; Stafto, G R
Proc Drillcx 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P33-45. Publ London: L.~IM, 1987 The development of polycrystalline diamond, which is available in large pieces, has led to the design of a new type of drill bit which cuts rock primarily by shear, rather than crushing. Laboratory and field tests have been carried out on hard rocks (Cornish granite, Pennant sandstone) and soft rocks (Carrera marble) and very high penetration rates combined with excellent core recovery have been achieved. Recommendations are made of optimum conditions of use to maximise bit life.
875209 Determination of rock driUability in diamond drilling by a groove cutting method Fei Shoulin; Chen Yutian; Zhang Jingfang; Wang Lianyin Proc Drillex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P47-52. Publ London: IMM, 1987 A new method of determining rock drillability has been developed, based on cutting a grooved ring on a rock core specimen with a diamond impregnated test rod under controlled conditions. The loss in diameter of rock core can be correlated with drilling rate and loss in weight of the rod with bit life. The apparatus is simple, quick, and reliable for field or laboratory measurements. A rock drilIability classification scheme has been developed based of the parameters measured. 875210 New diamond drilling techniques in China He Yizhang
Proc Driilex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P53-56. Publ London: [MM, 1987 The following are described: a hydro-percussive-rotary diamond drilling tool; a continuous whipstock for directional drilling; a downhole mud motor; and polycrystaUine diamond bits. Their use can increase penetration rates in hard rocks, or improve the accuracy and cost effectiveness in directional drilling.
Blasting 875211 Analysis of stress waves induced from single hole stemmed blasts Cowan, B W; Otuonye, F O; Ligon, J B
Min Sci Technol I"5, NI, April 1987, P83-88 A study to determine the type of stemming which minimises the danger to structural integrity of mine openings from face blasting is presented. The location of the blast on the face, and the effect of roof and face deterioration due to repeated blasting, which attenuates the strength of the blast waves, were taken into account when analysing results from in-mine blasts. Laboratory model tests were also carried out. Results suggest stemmed blasts produce lower energy waves than nonstemmed blasts.
875212 Safe use of explosives in quarries Saunders. E
Quarry ~fanage ['14. N2. Feb 19.~'7. P31-37 The causes of accidents during blasting, particularly those due to projected material, are examined. Factors identified include: incorrect setting up of drilling machines or deviation of shotholes: incorrect assessment of lace profile in front of shotholes: unsupervised firing of trimming shots: re-initiation of misfired charges; use of loose grained explosives in fragmented strata; incorrect delay periods: and geological faults. cavities, and discontinuities. Preventative measures are discusssed. 875213 Simulated blasting
World Min Equipment VI2. N3, March;April 1987. P32-33 An advanced blast simulation model, SABREX, is described. It takes into account explosive type, rock type, and blast geometry. The following blast parameters may be output in printed form or as colour graphics: fragmentation; muckpile profile; grade fracture and control; collar breakage and flyrock control; backbreak; and drilling and blasting costs. SABREX may be applied to reduce costs, define blast geometry, for vibration or wall control, and to assess explosive performance.
875214 Design considerations for underground blasts in an urban environment Hagan, T N In: Rock Engineering and Excavation in an Urban Environment (papers to the conference, Hong Kong, 24-27 February, 1986) P187-195. Publ London: IMM. 1986 Good fragmentation and a loose and suitably profiled muckpile, with acceptable vibration and flyrock, are obtainable with careful blast design. Parameters examined are: diameter, alignment and length of blasthole; shape and condition of faces; void volume available for blasted rock; burden distance. subdrilling, and size and shape of blast block; and, in particular, allocation of delay detonations. 875215 Segment-shaped blasting at Baishan hydroelectric station excavations, China Guo Zongyan; Zhou Yukun In: Rock Engineering and Excavation in an Urban Environment (papers to the conference, Hong Kong, 24-27
February, 1986) P181-185. Publ London: IMM, 1986 The 'segment-shaped blasting' technique was adopted for the downstream dyke excavation of the dam base. A fan-shaped series of holes was drilled from a pilot tunnel, and blasted to increase the excavation to its final size in successive segments. The technique allowed the dam base to be drilled before the river was diverted. Excavation speed was increased, the quality of the dam base excavation improved, and environmental disturbance due to drilling and blasting lowered.
875216 Safety control for large-scale underwater blasting Sugita, H; Katayama, E; Yamashita, M; Ohtsuka, I Proc IABSE Symposium, Safety and Quality Assurance of Civil Engineering Structures, Tokyo, 1986 P267-273. Publ Zurich: [ABSE, 1986 The construction of foundations for a large bridge, within a specified timescale, required extensive under~'ater blasting, yet no damage could be allowed to happen to a neighbouring oil refinery. Initial work involved tank experiments and in situ
© 1987 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
875203 Extraordinary drilling challenge in the Rocky Mountain overthrust belt S~anson, J D: Brandt. 1 .M: Johnston. R D SPE Drilling Engng 12..VI. 3[arc/z 198 "~. P'.¢-~5
875 i 98 High performance PCD rotary drilling tools Dicckmann. M Geodrilling .V43, April 19,5'7. P27-29
A drilling project to e'.aluate the Madison formauon at depths greater than 5000m is described. T~o pre,,ious holes from essentially the same site ~ere abandoned afro: numerot,s problems, including severe de',iation and hole instability'. The third hole ~as successfully' completed after 500 da~s continuous operation. The setting and cementing of large diameter casing strings, and the drilling of a liner through a plastic evaporite zone were amongst the problems o~ercome.
Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) drill bits are ~idely used in the petroleum and natural gas industries, and the a,,ailability of a wider range of PCD inserts has meant that man~ more applications can use PCD bits. The manufacture of PCD drill bits. their bonuses, and design changes ~hich must be made from the old carbide insert bits are described, with special reference to drilling holes for methane drainage in the German coal mining industry',
875199 Guided Ionghole drilling Rees, D H Gluckauf-forschungsh 1"48, N2. April 1987. P74-81 The ability to drill near horizontal holes up to 1000m in length within coal seams is of great potential value to the British coal industry. Equipment under development is described. It uses rotary drilling with do~vn-hole motors, angle measurement sensors to assist with steering, and natural gamma logging to difl'erentiate rock and coat lithology. Results from surface and underground trials are presented.
875200 Subsea template drilling in the North Sea - experience gained during the initial stages of the Balmoral development Thorpe, D; Taylor, P J Pet Tech V39. N3. March 1987. P331-339 Drilling over a seabed template under hostile conditions in the North Sea is described. A slim-hole drilling and casing program was chosen on cost grounds. Special equipment and techniques used arc presented, including directional drilling, surveying using magnetic and measurement ~vhilc drilling methods, and a special low toxicity' oil based drilling mud.
875201 Computer program for air or gas drilling Chu, M H: Puon, P S Oil Gas J V85, N12. 23 March 1987. P49-51 A microcomputer program is presented which can be used by field engineers to predict the minimum volumetric requirements for air or gas drilling 'fluid" when air or gas drilling.
875202 Development in hydraulic drifter drilling Tapaninaho, "lQuarry ;14anage ~14. .v3, March 1987, P29-32 Improvements in hydraulic top hammer drilling equipment have made it competitive with rotary and down-the-hole drilling in soft rocks at greater diameters than was previously possible. Better drill steels give better hole straightness, improved flushing capacity and greater energy transmission to the bit. The future of hydraulic drilling to the turn of the century is considered. ~
87520-1 Geology drilling log - a computer database system for drilling simulation Onyia, E C SPE Drilling Engng 1"2..\'1. March 198-, 1'27-36 A computer based Engineering Simulator for Dri!ling (ESD) has been de,eloped which allows simulation of drilling in different geological areas using actual drilling and geological data for that environment. The Geology Drilling Log (GDI_.) is the data base used by the ESD which alio~vs rock properties to be described in sufficient detail. Engineering models and other simulation activities use data from the GDI.. The techniques used to build the GDL are discussed. 875205 Penetration-rate performance of roller-cone bits Warren, T M SPE Drilling Engng ['2, :VI. March 1987, P9-18 A model, taking into account both cuttings generation and removal, has been developed to predict penetration rate for roller-cone bits under low borchole pressure conditions. Drilling data from high borehole pressure conditions are analysed to determine why the penetration rate falls as borehole pressure increases. Two contributory factors arc found, buildup of debris underneath the drill bit and a local cratering effect. Remedial measures are examined. 875206 Exploration drilling in the Blendevale area, Western Australia: a case history Campbell, R P Proc Drillex 87, Stonele~gh, 7-10 April 1987 PI-4. Publ London. IMM. 1987 The exploration drilling program since 1972 in a hot, remote, monsoonal area is described. The area is basically a limestone reef, in some places o~crlain by calcareous siltstone, and contains zinc:lead deposits and possibly oil. Conditions are amenable to highly productive drilling. The equipment, logistics. costs, and the typical penetration rates achieved are described. 875207 Performance and wear characteristics in diamond core drilling Cassapi, V B; Ambrose, D: Waller, M D Proc Drillex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P5-20. Publ London. IMM. 198 7 Laboratory tests under controlled conditions examincd the "performance of 2 drill bits, of new design and with slightly different diamond concentrations, in Swedish granite and coarse sandstones. The load on the bit. rotational drilling speed, water flush rate, torque, penetration rate. and wear rate were the drilling parameters monitored through the tests. Attempts were made to correlate drilling performance with rock properties and drill bit design. Rate of penetration was
1987 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
198A affected by both hardness and abrasiveness. The latter property affects the rate of wear of the drill bit matrix and thus the rate of exposure of new diamond. Further work on a wide variety of rock materials is still required. 875208 Core drilling with Syndax 3 polycrystalline diamond Clark, I E; Stafto, G R
Proc Drillcx 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P33-45. Publ London: L.~IM, 1987 The development of polycrystalline diamond, which is available in large pieces, has led to the design of a new type of drill bit which cuts rock primarily by shear, rather than crushing. Laboratory and field tests have been carried out on hard rocks (Cornish granite, Pennant sandstone) and soft rocks (Carrera marble) and very high penetration rates combined with excellent core recovery have been achieved. Recommendations are made of optimum conditions of use to maximise bit life.
875209 Determination of rock driUability in diamond drilling by a groove cutting method Fei Shoulin; Chen Yutian; Zhang Jingfang; Wang Lianyin Proc Drillex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P47-52. Publ London: IMM, 1987 A new method of determining rock drillability has been developed, based on cutting a grooved ring on a rock core specimen with a diamond impregnated test rod under controlled conditions. The loss in diameter of rock core can be correlated with drilling rate and loss in weight of the rod with bit life. The apparatus is simple, quick, and reliable for field or laboratory measurements. A rock drilIability classification scheme has been developed based of the parameters measured. 875210 New diamond drilling techniques in China He Yizhang
Proc Driilex 87, Stoneleigh, 7-10 April 1987 P53-56. Publ London: [MM, 1987 The following are described: a hydro-percussive-rotary diamond drilling tool; a continuous whipstock for directional drilling; a downhole mud motor; and polycrystaUine diamond bits. Their use can increase penetration rates in hard rocks, or improve the accuracy and cost effectiveness in directional drilling.
Blasting 875211 Analysis of stress waves induced from single hole stemmed blasts Cowan, B W; Otuonye, F O; Ligon, J B
Min Sci Technol I"5, NI, April 1987, P83-88 A study to determine the type of stemming which minimises the danger to structural integrity of mine openings from face blasting is presented. The location of the blast on the face, and the effect of roof and face deterioration due to repeated blasting, which attenuates the strength of the blast waves, were taken into account when analysing results from in-mine blasts. Laboratory model tests were also carried out. Results suggest stemmed blasts produce lower energy waves than nonstemmed blasts.
875212 Safe use of explosives in quarries Saunders. E
Quarry ~fanage ['14. N2. Feb 19.~'7. P31-37 The causes of accidents during blasting, particularly those due to projected material, are examined. Factors identified include: incorrect setting up of drilling machines or deviation of shotholes: incorrect assessment of lace profile in front of shotholes: unsupervised firing of trimming shots: re-initiation of misfired charges; use of loose grained explosives in fragmented strata; incorrect delay periods: and geological faults. cavities, and discontinuities. Preventative measures are discusssed. 875213 Simulated blasting
World Min Equipment VI2. N3, March;April 1987. P32-33 An advanced blast simulation model, SABREX, is described. It takes into account explosive type, rock type, and blast geometry. The following blast parameters may be output in printed form or as colour graphics: fragmentation; muckpile profile; grade fracture and control; collar breakage and flyrock control; backbreak; and drilling and blasting costs. SABREX may be applied to reduce costs, define blast geometry, for vibration or wall control, and to assess explosive performance.
875214 Design considerations for underground blasts in an urban environment Hagan, T N In: Rock Engineering and Excavation in an Urban Environment (papers to the conference, Hong Kong, 24-27 February, 1986) P187-195. Publ London: IMM. 1986 Good fragmentation and a loose and suitably profiled muckpile, with acceptable vibration and flyrock, are obtainable with careful blast design. Parameters examined are: diameter, alignment and length of blasthole; shape and condition of faces; void volume available for blasted rock; burden distance. subdrilling, and size and shape of blast block; and, in particular, allocation of delay detonations. 875215 Segment-shaped blasting at Baishan hydroelectric station excavations, China Guo Zongyan; Zhou Yukun In: Rock Engineering and Excavation in an Urban Environment (papers to the conference, Hong Kong, 24-27
February, 1986) P181-185. Publ London: IMM, 1986 The 'segment-shaped blasting' technique was adopted for the downstream dyke excavation of the dam base. A fan-shaped series of holes was drilled from a pilot tunnel, and blasted to increase the excavation to its final size in successive segments. The technique allowed the dam base to be drilled before the river was diverted. Excavation speed was increased, the quality of the dam base excavation improved, and environmental disturbance due to drilling and blasting lowered.
875216 Safety control for large-scale underwater blasting Sugita, H; Katayama, E; Yamashita, M; Ohtsuka, I Proc IABSE Symposium, Safety and Quality Assurance of Civil Engineering Structures, Tokyo, 1986 P267-273. Publ Zurich: [ABSE, 1986 The construction of foundations for a large bridge, within a specified timescale, required extensive under~'ater blasting, yet no damage could be allowed to happen to a neighbouring oil refinery. Initial work involved tank experiments and in situ
© 1987 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted