- Email: [email protected]
Photosynthetic toxicity of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles to Chlorella vulgaris
538
ChinaNanomedicine Abstracts / Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine 12 (2016) 449–575
light radiation, which may provide a favorable approach to the targeted delivery of payload to the target cells. However, a single molecular recognition mechanism has not generally been successful, particularly for systemic administration. Among cancer-specific ligands, NGR, a targeting ligand, has a high affinity for CD 13, which has been widely employed as a targeting moiety for nanocarriers. In this study, a rational strategy was implemented to take advantage of a combination of both cCPPs and NGR to generate a more selective and efficient drug delivery system to target tumor cells. In addition, cCPPs and NRG were conjugated to the distal ends of DSPE-PEG2000-MAL and DSPE-PEG5000-MAL to generate DSPE-PEG2000-cCPPs and DSPE-PEG5000-NGR, respectively, which were incorporated onto the surface of vinorelbine bitartrate-loaded liposomes (cCPPs/NGR-L). The positive charges of the lysine residues on the CPPs (CRRMKWKK) were temporarily masked by Nvoc, thus forming cCPPs. Furthermore, cCPPs enhance specific cancer cellular uptake after rapidly uncaging Nvoc, by illumination with UV-light. In contrast, in the circulation, the penetration was shielded. The NGR moiety selectively binds to CD13-positive tumors, which is useful for active accumulation in tumor tissue. Compared to single-ligand CPPsor NGR-modified liposomes (CPPs-L or NGR-L), once illuminated by UV light, the cCPPs/NGR-L exhibited an enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity via the synergistic effect of both receptor-mediated endocytosis and CPP-penetrating activity. In conclusion, the application of combined cCPP and NGR modifications may be an approach for the selectively targeted delivery of anti-tumor agents with low systemic toxicity.
Photothermal conversion enhancement of Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures Jinhu Cheng, Gang Yang, Bufeng Xu, Daxiong Wu, Haitao Zhu⁎, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China ⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Zhu) Nanostructures of plasmonic metals have attracted much R&D attention for their potential applications in imaging, sensing, and cancer therapy because of their unique photothermal conversion properties. Core@shell structures containing plasmonic metal nanoparticles as cores have been found to exhibit even better photothermal conversion properties in comparison to the plasmonic metal nanoparticles themselves. As typical examples, gold nanoparticles and core@shell structures containing gold nanoparticles as cores have been investigated intensively. However, much less research effort has been made to the study of silver and silver contained core@shell structures for the purpose of photothermal conversion applications. Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures have not been reported as photothermal conversion materials in particular. In the current work, Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures were synthesized by a sacrificial template method. Ag and Ag2S nanoparticles were also synthesized for comparison. Optical absorption spectra show that Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures have enhanced absorption in the near infrared region compared to Ag nanoparticles, while Ag2S nanoparticles have less absorption in this region. Aqueous suspensions containing 1.0 wt% products were prepared to evaluate the photothermal conversion properties on a lab-made system equipped with a 1064 nm laser. The results were analyzed base on Newton's law of cooling to calculate the photothermal conversion efficiencies of the suspensions. The results indicate that all suspensions have significant photothermal conversion effect with photothermal conversion efficiencies of 41.0% for Ag@Ag2S core@shell structure suspension, 36.3% for Ag nanoparticle suspension and 21.3% for Ag2S nanoparticle suspension.
Figure 1. Schematic representation of cCPPs/NGR-L. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.253
Photosynthetic toxicity of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles to Chlorella vulgaris Xiaoyi Liua, Hongzhou Yaoa, Farooq Ahmada, Ying Zhoua,b,⁎, aCollege of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China, b Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China ⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Zhou) Fascinating physicochemical properties of nanoparticles have revolutionized the modern world, but it has also increased the possible release and accumulation at the disposal of nanoparticles in the environment. ZnO and TiO2 NPs had been employed extensively due to their broad spectrum applications. In this study, the toxicities of these two NPs on photosynthetic mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated, and the results revealed that ZnO and TiO2 NPs severely disrupted the photosynthetic membranes and promoted the assault of algal cells. This study also presented aggregation and mechanical damages by NPs. Release of ions was one of the possible contributing factors in photosynthetic membrane disruptions and algal cell assault. There was a significant decrease in the content of Chl a & b, and the increase in total Chlx + c content demonstrated the activation of antioxidant system. The results showed that oxidative stress induced by ZnO was ten-folds higher than that by TiO2 NPs. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.254
Figure 1. TEM image of the Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures (a); optical absorption spectra of Ag nanoparticles, Ag2S nanoparticles and Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures (b); temperature rises of 10 microliter of 1.0 wt% aqueous suspensions under the illumination of 1064 nm laser at 25 mW. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.255
pH-responsive supramolecular prodrug micelles based on host–guest interactions for intracellular drug delivery Yin Wang, Qiao Jin⁎, Jian Ji⁎, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China ⁎Corresponding authors. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (Q. Jin), [email protected] (J. Ji) Nowadays, cancer has emerged as one of the leading causes to people's death, which motivates the extensive research interests. With enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects, the last few decades have witnessed a rapid development in utilizing polymeric prodrug micelles for drug delivery and cancer therapy research. However, problems still exist such as complicated synthetic procedures, low drug content. In recent years, host–guest interactions have been widely used as driving force to prepare biomaterials. Thus, we envision that whether we can prepare supramolecular prodrug micelles based
ChinaNanomedicine Abstracts / Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine 12 (2016) 449–575
light radiation, which may provide a favorable approach to the targeted delivery of payload to the target cells. However, a single molecular recognition mechanism has not generally been successful, particularly for systemic administration. Among cancer-specific ligands, NGR, a targeting ligand, has a high affinity for CD 13, which has been widely employed as a targeting moiety for nanocarriers. In this study, a rational strategy was implemented to take advantage of a combination of both cCPPs and NGR to generate a more selective and efficient drug delivery system to target tumor cells. In addition, cCPPs and NRG were conjugated to the distal ends of DSPE-PEG2000-MAL and DSPE-PEG5000-MAL to generate DSPE-PEG2000-cCPPs and DSPE-PEG5000-NGR, respectively, which were incorporated onto the surface of vinorelbine bitartrate-loaded liposomes (cCPPs/NGR-L). The positive charges of the lysine residues on the CPPs (CRRMKWKK) were temporarily masked by Nvoc, thus forming cCPPs. Furthermore, cCPPs enhance specific cancer cellular uptake after rapidly uncaging Nvoc, by illumination with UV-light. In contrast, in the circulation, the penetration was shielded. The NGR moiety selectively binds to CD13-positive tumors, which is useful for active accumulation in tumor tissue. Compared to single-ligand CPPsor NGR-modified liposomes (CPPs-L or NGR-L), once illuminated by UV light, the cCPPs/NGR-L exhibited an enhanced cellular uptake and selectivity via the synergistic effect of both receptor-mediated endocytosis and CPP-penetrating activity. In conclusion, the application of combined cCPP and NGR modifications may be an approach for the selectively targeted delivery of anti-tumor agents with low systemic toxicity.
Photothermal conversion enhancement of Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures Jinhu Cheng, Gang Yang, Bufeng Xu, Daxiong Wu, Haitao Zhu⁎, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China ⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Zhu) Nanostructures of plasmonic metals have attracted much R&D attention for their potential applications in imaging, sensing, and cancer therapy because of their unique photothermal conversion properties. Core@shell structures containing plasmonic metal nanoparticles as cores have been found to exhibit even better photothermal conversion properties in comparison to the plasmonic metal nanoparticles themselves. As typical examples, gold nanoparticles and core@shell structures containing gold nanoparticles as cores have been investigated intensively. However, much less research effort has been made to the study of silver and silver contained core@shell structures for the purpose of photothermal conversion applications. Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures have not been reported as photothermal conversion materials in particular. In the current work, Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures were synthesized by a sacrificial template method. Ag and Ag2S nanoparticles were also synthesized for comparison. Optical absorption spectra show that Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures have enhanced absorption in the near infrared region compared to Ag nanoparticles, while Ag2S nanoparticles have less absorption in this region. Aqueous suspensions containing 1.0 wt% products were prepared to evaluate the photothermal conversion properties on a lab-made system equipped with a 1064 nm laser. The results were analyzed base on Newton's law of cooling to calculate the photothermal conversion efficiencies of the suspensions. The results indicate that all suspensions have significant photothermal conversion effect with photothermal conversion efficiencies of 41.0% for Ag@Ag2S core@shell structure suspension, 36.3% for Ag nanoparticle suspension and 21.3% for Ag2S nanoparticle suspension.
Figure 1. Schematic representation of cCPPs/NGR-L. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.253
Photosynthetic toxicity of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles to Chlorella vulgaris Xiaoyi Liua, Hongzhou Yaoa, Farooq Ahmada, Ying Zhoua,b,⁎, aCollege of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China, b Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China ⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Zhou) Fascinating physicochemical properties of nanoparticles have revolutionized the modern world, but it has also increased the possible release and accumulation at the disposal of nanoparticles in the environment. ZnO and TiO2 NPs had been employed extensively due to their broad spectrum applications. In this study, the toxicities of these two NPs on photosynthetic mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated, and the results revealed that ZnO and TiO2 NPs severely disrupted the photosynthetic membranes and promoted the assault of algal cells. This study also presented aggregation and mechanical damages by NPs. Release of ions was one of the possible contributing factors in photosynthetic membrane disruptions and algal cell assault. There was a significant decrease in the content of Chl a & b, and the increase in total Chlx + c content demonstrated the activation of antioxidant system. The results showed that oxidative stress induced by ZnO was ten-folds higher than that by TiO2 NPs. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.254
Figure 1. TEM image of the Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures (a); optical absorption spectra of Ag nanoparticles, Ag2S nanoparticles and Ag@Ag2S core@shell structures (b); temperature rises of 10 microliter of 1.0 wt% aqueous suspensions under the illumination of 1064 nm laser at 25 mW. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2015.12.255
pH-responsive supramolecular prodrug micelles based on host–guest interactions for intracellular drug delivery Yin Wang, Qiao Jin⁎, Jian Ji⁎, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China ⁎Corresponding authors. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (Q. Jin), [email protected] (J. Ji) Nowadays, cancer has emerged as one of the leading causes to people's death, which motivates the extensive research interests. With enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects, the last few decades have witnessed a rapid development in utilizing polymeric prodrug micelles for drug delivery and cancer therapy research. However, problems still exist such as complicated synthetic procedures, low drug content. In recent years, host–guest interactions have been widely used as driving force to prepare biomaterials. Thus, we envision that whether we can prepare supramolecular prodrug micelles based