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Physical activity and the risk of breast cancer
Abstracts
/Maturitas
SCrWIliIlg mammography: Sensitivity and specificity in relation to hormone replacement therapy Thurfjell E.L.; Holmberg L.H.; Persson I.R. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala RADIOLOGY 1997 203/2 (339-341) Purpose: To evaluate the possible effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the sensitivity and specificity of screening mammography. Materials and methods: A total of 20000 women aged 50 years or older were interviewed about use of HRT during the second round of screening mammography; of these, 3 126 were currently using, 2158 had previously used, and 14716 had never used HRT. Women with breasts known to be composed of predominantly fatty tissue were examined with one-view mammography; otherwise, two-view mammography was used. Results: The sensitivity of screening mammography was 96% (95% confidence interval, 81 .O, 99.1%) in women currently using, 92% (61.5, 99.8%) in women who had previously used and 91% (85.7, 96.8%) in women who had never used HRT. The specificity was 94% (93.3, 95.0%), 95% (93.7, 95.6%), and 95% (94.8, 95.5%), respectively. There was a slight decrease in specificity with duration of treatment for the current-user group. However, specificity in women treated with continuous combined estradiol-progestin for less than 3 years (90%) was lower than that in women treated with other regimens (95%, P = 0.037). Conclusion: There was no decrease in the sensitivity of screening mammography in women currently using HRT, but there was a marginal decrease in specificity varying with the HRT regimen and duration of treatment. 97131950 Physical activity and the risk of breast cancer Thune I.; Brenn T.; Lund E.; Gaard M. Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, N-9037 Tromso NEW ENGL. J. MED. 1997 336/18 (12691275) Background: Because physical activity may affect hormonal concentrations and energy bal-
28 (1997)
89-97
91
ante, we decided to investigate whether everyday exercise is related to the risk of breast cancer. Methods: During 1974-1978 and 1977-1983, a total of 25624 women, 20-54 years of age at entry, enrolled in health surveys and answered questionnaires about leisure-time and work activity. Results: During a median follow-up of 13.7 years, we identified 351 cases of invasive breast cancer among the 25 624 women in the cohort. Greater leisure-time activity was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, after adjustments for age, body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters), height, parity and county of residence (relative risk, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.95), among women who exercised regularly, as compared with sedentary women (P for trend = 0.04). In regularly exercising women, the reduction in risk was greater in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women, and greater in younger women ( < 45 years at study entry) than in older women ( - 45 years) (relative risk, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.79). In stratified analyses the risk of breast cancer was lowest in lean women (bodymass index, < 22.8) who exercised at least 4 h per week (relative risk, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.1 l-0.70). The risk was also reduced with higher levels of activity at work and again there was a more pronounced effect among premenopausal than postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Physical activity during leisure time and at work is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. 97137323 Physical activity and mortality in postmenopausal women Kushi L.H.; Fee R.M.; Folsom A.R.; Mink P.J.; Anderson K.E.; Sellers T.A. Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota. 1300 S 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN 55454- 1015 J. AM. MED. ASSOC. 1997 277/16 (1287-1292) Objective: To evaluate the association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in post-
/Maturitas
SCrWIliIlg mammography: Sensitivity and specificity in relation to hormone replacement therapy Thurfjell E.L.; Holmberg L.H.; Persson I.R. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala RADIOLOGY 1997 203/2 (339-341) Purpose: To evaluate the possible effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the sensitivity and specificity of screening mammography. Materials and methods: A total of 20000 women aged 50 years or older were interviewed about use of HRT during the second round of screening mammography; of these, 3 126 were currently using, 2158 had previously used, and 14716 had never used HRT. Women with breasts known to be composed of predominantly fatty tissue were examined with one-view mammography; otherwise, two-view mammography was used. Results: The sensitivity of screening mammography was 96% (95% confidence interval, 81 .O, 99.1%) in women currently using, 92% (61.5, 99.8%) in women who had previously used and 91% (85.7, 96.8%) in women who had never used HRT. The specificity was 94% (93.3, 95.0%), 95% (93.7, 95.6%), and 95% (94.8, 95.5%), respectively. There was a slight decrease in specificity with duration of treatment for the current-user group. However, specificity in women treated with continuous combined estradiol-progestin for less than 3 years (90%) was lower than that in women treated with other regimens (95%, P = 0.037). Conclusion: There was no decrease in the sensitivity of screening mammography in women currently using HRT, but there was a marginal decrease in specificity varying with the HRT regimen and duration of treatment. 97131950 Physical activity and the risk of breast cancer Thune I.; Brenn T.; Lund E.; Gaard M. Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, N-9037 Tromso NEW ENGL. J. MED. 1997 336/18 (12691275) Background: Because physical activity may affect hormonal concentrations and energy bal-
28 (1997)
89-97
91
ante, we decided to investigate whether everyday exercise is related to the risk of breast cancer. Methods: During 1974-1978 and 1977-1983, a total of 25624 women, 20-54 years of age at entry, enrolled in health surveys and answered questionnaires about leisure-time and work activity. Results: During a median follow-up of 13.7 years, we identified 351 cases of invasive breast cancer among the 25 624 women in the cohort. Greater leisure-time activity was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, after adjustments for age, body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters), height, parity and county of residence (relative risk, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.95), among women who exercised regularly, as compared with sedentary women (P for trend = 0.04). In regularly exercising women, the reduction in risk was greater in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women, and greater in younger women ( < 45 years at study entry) than in older women ( - 45 years) (relative risk, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.79). In stratified analyses the risk of breast cancer was lowest in lean women (bodymass index, < 22.8) who exercised at least 4 h per week (relative risk, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.1 l-0.70). The risk was also reduced with higher levels of activity at work and again there was a more pronounced effect among premenopausal than postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Physical activity during leisure time and at work is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. 97137323 Physical activity and mortality in postmenopausal women Kushi L.H.; Fee R.M.; Folsom A.R.; Mink P.J.; Anderson K.E.; Sellers T.A. Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota. 1300 S 2nd St, Minneapolis, MN 55454- 1015 J. AM. MED. ASSOC. 1997 277/16 (1287-1292) Objective: To evaluate the association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in post-