- Email: [email protected]
Physical properties of seawater: a new salinity scale and equation of state for seawater
OLR(1985)32(9)
739
B 3 2 0 . P a r t i c u l a t e s (dust, aerosols, etc.) 85:5027 Khemani, UT., G.A. Momin, M.S. N a i l P.S.P. Rao, R. Kumar and Bh.V.R. Murty, 1985. Trace elements and sea salt aerosols over the sea areas around the Indian sub--continent. Atmos. Environ., 19(2):277-284.
Concentrations of soil-origin elements (A1, Fe, Mn and Ca) were at a maximum over the Arabian Sea
region, suggesting the presence of dust particulates transported from the Arabian peninsula. The ratio of C1/Na observed in giant (>2.5/an) sea salt aerosols suggested very little fractionation; ratio value decreased considerably in the case of sub-/tm sea salt particles. The chemical components originating from soil and from sea salt showed a unimodal distribution, those from anthropogenic sources a bimodal distribution. Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorol., Pune 411 005, India.
C. CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
C I0. Apparatus and methods 85:5028 Amin, T.A. and R.S. Narang, 1985. Determination of volatile organics in sediment at nanogram-pergram concentrations by gas chromatography. Analyt. Chem., 57(3):648-651.
Volatile compounds were stripped from sediment samples, absorbed on cartridges filled with Porapak N and eluted with methanol. A detection limit of 7 ng/g for each photoionization-active and 1 ng/g for electron-capturing compound was achieved. Experiments showed that, while untreated samples should be analyzed within 7 days, samples stored in methanol could be held for up to 90 days without significant loss of the volatile compounds. Narang: Div. of Environ. Sci., N.Y. State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA. 85:5029 Axner, Ore, Ingvar Lindgren, Ingemar Magnusson and Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop, 1985. Trace element determination In flames by laser enhanced ionization spectrometry. Analyt. Chem., 57(3):773-776. Dept. of Phys., Chalmers Univ. of Tech./Univ. of Gothenburg, S-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden. 85:5030 Fofonoff, N.P., 1985. Physical properties of seawater: a new salinity scale and equation of state for seawater. J. geophys. Res~ 90(C2):3332-3342.
Developments leading to the new practical salinity scale and equation of state for seawater, introduced
by the Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards, are reviewed. Natural seawater densities can differ from computed density by as much as 0.05 kg/m 3 because of variations in the composition of dissolved salts that are not reflected equivalently in measured conductivity ratios; differences from the previous Knudsen-Ekman equation of state are of comparable magnitude. Values of specific volume anomaly for geopotential anomaly computations are not significantly modified. Algorithms for computing adiabatic lapse rate and potential temperature are compared with formulas derived from the new equation of state. Potential temperatures agree within 2 × 10-3C° over the oceanic range of temperature and pressure at salinity of 35 ppt. WHOI, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. 85:5031 Jay, P.C., 1985. Anion contamination of environmental water samples introduced by f'flter media. Anab,t. Chem., 57(3):780-782.
Six types of membrane filters added leachable anions to lakewater of known anionic concentration; in-situ filter washing was insufficient for complete contaminant removal. Careful prewashing of filters or on-column filtration with an anion concentrator precolumn is recommended to achieve accurate results. Environ. Res. Br., Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. (gsb) 85:5032 Kline, W.F., S.A. Wise and W.E. May, 1985. The application of perdeuterated polycycHc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as internal standards for the
739
B 3 2 0 . P a r t i c u l a t e s (dust, aerosols, etc.) 85:5027 Khemani, UT., G.A. Momin, M.S. N a i l P.S.P. Rao, R. Kumar and Bh.V.R. Murty, 1985. Trace elements and sea salt aerosols over the sea areas around the Indian sub--continent. Atmos. Environ., 19(2):277-284.
Concentrations of soil-origin elements (A1, Fe, Mn and Ca) were at a maximum over the Arabian Sea
region, suggesting the presence of dust particulates transported from the Arabian peninsula. The ratio of C1/Na observed in giant (>2.5/an) sea salt aerosols suggested very little fractionation; ratio value decreased considerably in the case of sub-/tm sea salt particles. The chemical components originating from soil and from sea salt showed a unimodal distribution, those from anthropogenic sources a bimodal distribution. Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorol., Pune 411 005, India.
C. CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
C I0. Apparatus and methods 85:5028 Amin, T.A. and R.S. Narang, 1985. Determination of volatile organics in sediment at nanogram-pergram concentrations by gas chromatography. Analyt. Chem., 57(3):648-651.
Volatile compounds were stripped from sediment samples, absorbed on cartridges filled with Porapak N and eluted with methanol. A detection limit of 7 ng/g for each photoionization-active and 1 ng/g for electron-capturing compound was achieved. Experiments showed that, while untreated samples should be analyzed within 7 days, samples stored in methanol could be held for up to 90 days without significant loss of the volatile compounds. Narang: Div. of Environ. Sci., N.Y. State Dept. of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA. 85:5029 Axner, Ore, Ingvar Lindgren, Ingemar Magnusson and Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop, 1985. Trace element determination In flames by laser enhanced ionization spectrometry. Analyt. Chem., 57(3):773-776. Dept. of Phys., Chalmers Univ. of Tech./Univ. of Gothenburg, S-412 96 Goteborg, Sweden. 85:5030 Fofonoff, N.P., 1985. Physical properties of seawater: a new salinity scale and equation of state for seawater. J. geophys. Res~ 90(C2):3332-3342.
Developments leading to the new practical salinity scale and equation of state for seawater, introduced
by the Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards, are reviewed. Natural seawater densities can differ from computed density by as much as 0.05 kg/m 3 because of variations in the composition of dissolved salts that are not reflected equivalently in measured conductivity ratios; differences from the previous Knudsen-Ekman equation of state are of comparable magnitude. Values of specific volume anomaly for geopotential anomaly computations are not significantly modified. Algorithms for computing adiabatic lapse rate and potential temperature are compared with formulas derived from the new equation of state. Potential temperatures agree within 2 × 10-3C° over the oceanic range of temperature and pressure at salinity of 35 ppt. WHOI, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. 85:5031 Jay, P.C., 1985. Anion contamination of environmental water samples introduced by f'flter media. Anab,t. Chem., 57(3):780-782.
Six types of membrane filters added leachable anions to lakewater of known anionic concentration; in-situ filter washing was insufficient for complete contaminant removal. Careful prewashing of filters or on-column filtration with an anion concentrator precolumn is recommended to achieve accurate results. Environ. Res. Br., Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. (gsb) 85:5032 Kline, W.F., S.A. Wise and W.E. May, 1985. The application of perdeuterated polycycHc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as internal standards for the