- Email: [email protected]
Physiological studies aid work measurement
Abstracts To pro',ade readers of Applied Ergonomics with a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics I n f o r m a t i o n Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstract leg 1.1.21) consists of the v o l u m e number, part or issue number and a sequential abstract number. The published abstracts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specif,c areas are invited to contact the Centre for further reformation, l ' h o s e readers unable to o b t a i n copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as a c o m p a n y librarian, may obtain p h o t o c o p i e s from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics I n f o r m a t i o n Analysis (.'entre, Department of Engineering Production, l.!mverslty of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham 15. T e l 021-472 13OI.
M o t o r processes in man 3.2.000(58793) Salvendy, G. Hand size and assembly performance A liE Transactions 1971, 3. 1, 32 . .i'6 ( ' o n t r a r y to present belief, consideration should be given to a n t h r o p o m e t r i c variables in the selection, placement, and guidance of p e r ~ m n e L On analysis, twelve a n t h r o p o m e t r i c data had product m o m e n t multiple correlation coefficients of 0"31 with the performance on the Purdue Pegboard (R|I~ (27) 0-32 with the one-hole test (21,22) and 0.56 ( p < 0-001 ) with p r o d u c t i o n indices of 181 female industrial subjects. This indicates that one-third of the variables predicting p r o d u c t i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s are a c c o u n t e d for by some selected a n t h r o p o m e t r i c variables; and t h a t , long thick fingers are related to high productivity.
Physiology, anthropometry and biomechanics 3.2.t)OO~ 5 XSt,5 )
Hans, on, J-E, Phystc>logica I st udles aid work rneasurement Industrial l'.'ngineermg 196V, I. 9, 29
.i.¢. ahstr, in I('SID l)cstgn flibhograph.v Pulse rate and o x y g e n c o n s u m p t i o n arc Instrumental in measuring workload and energy c o n s u m p t i o n . The u.~ of physiological m e a s u r e m e n t s in practical ergonomics are discussed using e x a m p l e s from Sweden such as the design of a wheelbarrow, of a saw, of a device to fill up floor joints, o! chmblng shoes to climb up poles, as well as i m p r o v e m e n t s in the feeding of newspaper bundling machines.
3.2.O00(58872)
Sehnauber, H. and Muller, E.A. Manual efficiency during work performed at various heights above heart level (In German)
lnternattonale Zeitschrift fur A ngewandte Physiologie 1:'inschliesslich Arbeitsphyslologie, Feb 1970, 28. 1 3 5 - 1 5 4 , abstr, in Occupational Safety and th'alth Abstracts No quantitative date have so far been published on the r e d u c t i o n in efficiency and the fat igue associated with the performance of work with the hands raised, despite the considerable practical value such data would ha~,c for workplace layout and design. The authors therefore carried out a number of experiments in which ~ v e r a l subjects were required to perform tasks of varying a r d u o u s n e ~ on a special ergometer with their hands raised at different heights above heart level. Details are given of the e x p e r i m e n t a l method, the different tests involving continuous and intermittent effort. and of the results obtained. Values measured include: duration of effort, pulse-rate and energy expenditure. M a x i m u m p e r f o r m a n c e and the limit of endurance showed a fall which was inversely proportional to the increasing height of the hands. The additional rest periods necessary for various work postures are calculated.
3.2.000( 5887~) Kinkel, H.J. and Maxion, H. Physiological sleeping tests for evaluatmg mattresses of different types (In (;erman~
lnternataonale Zeltschrlft Jur A ngewandte Ph.vstoh~gte, 1970. 28. 247. 262 Investigations have been made to examine whether the effect of a mattress on the sleep and hence on the recover)- of a person can be determined from ob.lectlve criteria such as electro-
encephalogram, nK)tthty and temperature. In a d d i t i o n to these objective criteria, subjective inquiries of the test persons were used as a basts of the evaluation. The investigations were made on five persons and e x t e n d e d over 53 nights. T h e objective findings o b t a i n e d under the selected or given test conditions showed the same t e n d e n c y for all test persons and agreed with the subjective findings. The most important results are: The periods of wakefulness and shallow sleep were shorter on mattress F than on mattress K. M o v e m e n t s of the body and the arms suggested that the night sleep was more restful on mattress F than on mattress K. The psychophysical efficiency of the test persons and the subjective sense of well-being after the sleep on mattress K were distinctly increased when the test persons slept on mattress F. The selected m e t h o d was f o u n d to be suitable for comparative physiological sleeping tests on different mattresses.
3.2.000(58881 )
Baruch, D. Some medical aspects in agricultural flights relating to fat igue among agricultural pilots Aerospace Medicine I v70, 41.4, 447-
4.50 A survey was c o n d u c t e d in Israel on 34 agricultural pilots, with the purpose of finding the influence of flights and e n v i r o n m e n t on the pilots. "len ground members were taken as control group. It was found that as a result of agricultural flights under hard weather conditions there were significant changes in the pilot's body such as Io~,; of weight, Increase of body temperature, decrcase of eosinophil cells, t e n d e n c y to decrease of blood sugar level. All these changes in c o m b i n a t i o n with lack of sleep may reduce the alertness of the pilot and may be considered an i m p o r t a n t factor m aLrcralt accidents in agricultural flights.
Applied Ergonomics
June 1972
121
M o t o r processes in man 3.2.000(58793) Salvendy, G. Hand size and assembly performance A liE Transactions 1971, 3. 1, 32 . .i'6 ( ' o n t r a r y to present belief, consideration should be given to a n t h r o p o m e t r i c variables in the selection, placement, and guidance of p e r ~ m n e L On analysis, twelve a n t h r o p o m e t r i c data had product m o m e n t multiple correlation coefficients of 0"31 with the performance on the Purdue Pegboard (R|I~ (27) 0-32 with the one-hole test (21,22) and 0.56 ( p < 0-001 ) with p r o d u c t i o n indices of 181 female industrial subjects. This indicates that one-third of the variables predicting p r o d u c t i o n p e r f o r m a n c e s are a c c o u n t e d for by some selected a n t h r o p o m e t r i c variables; and t h a t , long thick fingers are related to high productivity.
Physiology, anthropometry and biomechanics 3.2.t)OO~ 5 XSt,5 )
Hans, on, J-E, Phystc>logica I st udles aid work rneasurement Industrial l'.'ngineermg 196V, I. 9, 29
.i.¢. ahstr, in I('SID l)cstgn flibhograph.v Pulse rate and o x y g e n c o n s u m p t i o n arc Instrumental in measuring workload and energy c o n s u m p t i o n . The u.~ of physiological m e a s u r e m e n t s in practical ergonomics are discussed using e x a m p l e s from Sweden such as the design of a wheelbarrow, of a saw, of a device to fill up floor joints, o! chmblng shoes to climb up poles, as well as i m p r o v e m e n t s in the feeding of newspaper bundling machines.
3.2.O00(58872)
Sehnauber, H. and Muller, E.A. Manual efficiency during work performed at various heights above heart level (In German)
lnternattonale Zeitschrift fur A ngewandte Physiologie 1:'inschliesslich Arbeitsphyslologie, Feb 1970, 28. 1 3 5 - 1 5 4 , abstr, in Occupational Safety and th'alth Abstracts No quantitative date have so far been published on the r e d u c t i o n in efficiency and the fat igue associated with the performance of work with the hands raised, despite the considerable practical value such data would ha~,c for workplace layout and design. The authors therefore carried out a number of experiments in which ~ v e r a l subjects were required to perform tasks of varying a r d u o u s n e ~ on a special ergometer with their hands raised at different heights above heart level. Details are given of the e x p e r i m e n t a l method, the different tests involving continuous and intermittent effort. and of the results obtained. Values measured include: duration of effort, pulse-rate and energy expenditure. M a x i m u m p e r f o r m a n c e and the limit of endurance showed a fall which was inversely proportional to the increasing height of the hands. The additional rest periods necessary for various work postures are calculated.
3.2.000( 5887~) Kinkel, H.J. and Maxion, H. Physiological sleeping tests for evaluatmg mattresses of different types (In (;erman~
lnternataonale Zeltschrlft Jur A ngewandte Ph.vstoh~gte, 1970. 28. 247. 262 Investigations have been made to examine whether the effect of a mattress on the sleep and hence on the recover)- of a person can be determined from ob.lectlve criteria such as electro-
encephalogram, nK)tthty and temperature. In a d d i t i o n to these objective criteria, subjective inquiries of the test persons were used as a basts of the evaluation. The investigations were made on five persons and e x t e n d e d over 53 nights. T h e objective findings o b t a i n e d under the selected or given test conditions showed the same t e n d e n c y for all test persons and agreed with the subjective findings. The most important results are: The periods of wakefulness and shallow sleep were shorter on mattress F than on mattress K. M o v e m e n t s of the body and the arms suggested that the night sleep was more restful on mattress F than on mattress K. The psychophysical efficiency of the test persons and the subjective sense of well-being after the sleep on mattress K were distinctly increased when the test persons slept on mattress F. The selected m e t h o d was f o u n d to be suitable for comparative physiological sleeping tests on different mattresses.
3.2.000(58881 )
Baruch, D. Some medical aspects in agricultural flights relating to fat igue among agricultural pilots Aerospace Medicine I v70, 41.4, 447-
4.50 A survey was c o n d u c t e d in Israel on 34 agricultural pilots, with the purpose of finding the influence of flights and e n v i r o n m e n t on the pilots. "len ground members were taken as control group. It was found that as a result of agricultural flights under hard weather conditions there were significant changes in the pilot's body such as Io~,; of weight, Increase of body temperature, decrcase of eosinophil cells, t e n d e n c y to decrease of blood sugar level. All these changes in c o m b i n a t i o n with lack of sleep may reduce the alertness of the pilot and may be considered an i m p o r t a n t factor m aLrcralt accidents in agricultural flights.
Applied Ergonomics
June 1972
121