- Email: [email protected]
Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of Moringa oleifera
Abstracts
the farmers and producers are the lowest beneficiaries of revenue. The production of a quality product requires Good Manufacturing Practice to be present along the length of the chain, raw materials are vital components of herbal products and great care needs to be taken in their cultivation if the finished article is to approach pharmaceutical quality. It is not surprising that research on such value chains is both scarce and challenging. This presentation highlights some of the quality problems faced by Asian manufacturers of herbal products used for nutrition and health and suggests practical ways of introducing a quality ethos into the primal stages of production. It is proposed that by making strategic alliances with the growers and producers of herbal crops and giving financial rewards for optimum quality, this will lead to significant benefits for the agricultural workers in Asia, for manufacturers and suppliers of finished products, and for the UK consumer. Keywords: Neutraceutical, Asia, Quality, Herbal References 1. Ipsos MORI poll, Public Perceptions of Herbal Medicines, Published:13 January 2009 Available online at http://www.ipsos-mori.com/Assets/ Docs/Polls/public-perceptions-of-herbal-medicines-report.pdf. 2. Avena consultants, Herbal medicine research, Herbal medicine in the UK. Available at http://www.avenaconsultants.co.uk/ documents/Herbal%20Medicine%20Research-The%20Current% 20Picture.pdf.
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Effect of dietary Blue-Green-Alga (Spirulina Platensis) as a food supplement on cholesterl, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride of broiler chicken H. Dadgar⁎, M. Toghyani, M. Dadgar Islamic Azad University, Iran E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Dadgar) This experiment was conducted to assess the potential of dietary blue-green-alga (spirulina platensis) in comparison with probiotic growth promoter as a food supplement on cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride, parameters in broiler chicks. Two hundred and eighty day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into five treatments included: control, commercial probiotic and spirulina platensis at levels of 1, 5 and 10 g/kg. On days 42 blood samples were collected from the wing vein of eight birds per treatment and serum concentration of cholesterol, HDL; LDL cholesterol and triglyceride were determined. Results showed that the lowest serum concentration of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were attributed to 10 g/kg spirulina platensis. Serum triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, were not affected significantly by dietary treatments. Keywords: Alga, Spirulina platensis, Cholesterol, LDL cholestrol, HDL, triglyceride doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.281
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.279
Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of Moringa oleifera K. Chandrashekar
Plant derived omega-3-fatty acids protect mitochondrial function in the brain G.P. Eckerta,⁎, C. Frankea, M. Nöldnerb, O. Raua, M. Wurglicsa, M. Schubert-Zsilavecza et al. a
Goethe-University, Germany Dr. Wilmar Schwabe Group, Karlsruhe, Germany E-mail address: [email protected] (G.P. Eckert)
b
Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, India E-mail address: [email protected] The present study deals with chemical investigation as well as antihepatoxic activity of Petroleum ether extract of stem bark of Moringa oleifera. The petroleum ether extract residue (20 g) was loaded onto a neutral alumina column prepared in petroleum ether. The column was then eluted with Petroleum ether, and then with Petroleum ether: Benzene (90:10 and 80:20). Petroleum ether: Benzene (80:20) gave 3 spots on TLC. These were combined and concentrated to about 10 ml when it yielded a white solid which responded to Liebermann Burchardt test for steroids. These were separated by preparative TLC using Silica gel (Petroleum ether: Benzene 80:20) into Compound A (45 mg), Compound B (40 mg) and Compound C (35 mg) respectively. From petroleum ether extract three compounds were isolated as pure compounds by subjecting to preparative TLC in a solvent system Petroleum ether: Benzene (80:20). They gave positive reaction with Liebermann Burchardt test. By MP, IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral studies, the three isolated compounds were identified as α-amyrin, β-sitosterol, Stigmasterol. In our study the significant hepatoprotective activity of Petroleum ether extract of Moringa oleifera is endowed against CCL4 induced hepatic injury, thereby justifying their use in traditional system of medicine. The hepatoprotective activity of petroleum ether extract may be due triterpenoid and steroids. Keywords: Moringa, Hepatoprotective, Steroids, Triterpenoids doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.280
In spite of its relative small seize the brain consumes disproportionally high amounts of oxygen due to its high metabolic activity. In case of a deficit of antioxidants and antioxidant cellular mechanisms the high turnover of oxygen results in the production of reactive oxygen species and damage of essential biomolecules. Those deleterious effects accumulate especially in differentiated tissues like the brain. As a major consequence, perturbations of energy metabolism including mitochondrial dysfunction culminate in functional deficits. With the increasing average life span of humans, agerelated cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD) are a major health concern in our society. Strategies for long-term prevention from mitochondrial dysfunction would also delay the onset of age related diseases. A sufficient supply of micronutrients and secondary plant products represents a promising way for prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The present study investigated the effects of Perilla frutescens seed oil (PFSO) on the central nervous system and provides new insight into potential mechanisms for protective properties of polyunsaturated fatty acids. PFSO represents a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids, especially of the omega-3 linolenic acid and is commonly used as herbal food supplements with beneficial effects on the vascular system. PFSO was administered chronically to guinea pigs and neuroprotective properties were assessed ex vivo in dissociated brain cells. Dissociated brain cells isolated from PFSO treated guinea pigs were less vulnerable against nitrosative stress as indicated by decreased levels of reactive oxygen species, by stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced levels of adenosine-triphosphate. In the brain, levels of oleic-, linolic-, arachidonic- and docosahex-
the farmers and producers are the lowest beneficiaries of revenue. The production of a quality product requires Good Manufacturing Practice to be present along the length of the chain, raw materials are vital components of herbal products and great care needs to be taken in their cultivation if the finished article is to approach pharmaceutical quality. It is not surprising that research on such value chains is both scarce and challenging. This presentation highlights some of the quality problems faced by Asian manufacturers of herbal products used for nutrition and health and suggests practical ways of introducing a quality ethos into the primal stages of production. It is proposed that by making strategic alliances with the growers and producers of herbal crops and giving financial rewards for optimum quality, this will lead to significant benefits for the agricultural workers in Asia, for manufacturers and suppliers of finished products, and for the UK consumer. Keywords: Neutraceutical, Asia, Quality, Herbal References 1. Ipsos MORI poll, Public Perceptions of Herbal Medicines, Published:13 January 2009 Available online at http://www.ipsos-mori.com/Assets/ Docs/Polls/public-perceptions-of-herbal-medicines-report.pdf. 2. Avena consultants, Herbal medicine research, Herbal medicine in the UK. Available at http://www.avenaconsultants.co.uk/ documents/Herbal%20Medicine%20Research-The%20Current% 20Picture.pdf.
e37
Effect of dietary Blue-Green-Alga (Spirulina Platensis) as a food supplement on cholesterl, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride of broiler chicken H. Dadgar⁎, M. Toghyani, M. Dadgar Islamic Azad University, Iran E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Dadgar) This experiment was conducted to assess the potential of dietary blue-green-alga (spirulina platensis) in comparison with probiotic growth promoter as a food supplement on cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride, parameters in broiler chicks. Two hundred and eighty day-old broiler chicks were divided randomly into five treatments included: control, commercial probiotic and spirulina platensis at levels of 1, 5 and 10 g/kg. On days 42 blood samples were collected from the wing vein of eight birds per treatment and serum concentration of cholesterol, HDL; LDL cholesterol and triglyceride were determined. Results showed that the lowest serum concentration of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were attributed to 10 g/kg spirulina platensis. Serum triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, were not affected significantly by dietary treatments. Keywords: Alga, Spirulina platensis, Cholesterol, LDL cholestrol, HDL, triglyceride doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.281
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.279
Phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of Moringa oleifera K. Chandrashekar
Plant derived omega-3-fatty acids protect mitochondrial function in the brain G.P. Eckerta,⁎, C. Frankea, M. Nöldnerb, O. Raua, M. Wurglicsa, M. Schubert-Zsilavecza et al. a
Goethe-University, Germany Dr. Wilmar Schwabe Group, Karlsruhe, Germany E-mail address: [email protected] (G.P. Eckert)
b
Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, India E-mail address: [email protected] The present study deals with chemical investigation as well as antihepatoxic activity of Petroleum ether extract of stem bark of Moringa oleifera. The petroleum ether extract residue (20 g) was loaded onto a neutral alumina column prepared in petroleum ether. The column was then eluted with Petroleum ether, and then with Petroleum ether: Benzene (90:10 and 80:20). Petroleum ether: Benzene (80:20) gave 3 spots on TLC. These were combined and concentrated to about 10 ml when it yielded a white solid which responded to Liebermann Burchardt test for steroids. These were separated by preparative TLC using Silica gel (Petroleum ether: Benzene 80:20) into Compound A (45 mg), Compound B (40 mg) and Compound C (35 mg) respectively. From petroleum ether extract three compounds were isolated as pure compounds by subjecting to preparative TLC in a solvent system Petroleum ether: Benzene (80:20). They gave positive reaction with Liebermann Burchardt test. By MP, IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral studies, the three isolated compounds were identified as α-amyrin, β-sitosterol, Stigmasterol. In our study the significant hepatoprotective activity of Petroleum ether extract of Moringa oleifera is endowed against CCL4 induced hepatic injury, thereby justifying their use in traditional system of medicine. The hepatoprotective activity of petroleum ether extract may be due triterpenoid and steroids. Keywords: Moringa, Hepatoprotective, Steroids, Triterpenoids doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.280
In spite of its relative small seize the brain consumes disproportionally high amounts of oxygen due to its high metabolic activity. In case of a deficit of antioxidants and antioxidant cellular mechanisms the high turnover of oxygen results in the production of reactive oxygen species and damage of essential biomolecules. Those deleterious effects accumulate especially in differentiated tissues like the brain. As a major consequence, perturbations of energy metabolism including mitochondrial dysfunction culminate in functional deficits. With the increasing average life span of humans, agerelated cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD) are a major health concern in our society. Strategies for long-term prevention from mitochondrial dysfunction would also delay the onset of age related diseases. A sufficient supply of micronutrients and secondary plant products represents a promising way for prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. The present study investigated the effects of Perilla frutescens seed oil (PFSO) on the central nervous system and provides new insight into potential mechanisms for protective properties of polyunsaturated fatty acids. PFSO represents a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids, especially of the omega-3 linolenic acid and is commonly used as herbal food supplements with beneficial effects on the vascular system. PFSO was administered chronically to guinea pigs and neuroprotective properties were assessed ex vivo in dissociated brain cells. Dissociated brain cells isolated from PFSO treated guinea pigs were less vulnerable against nitrosative stress as indicated by decreased levels of reactive oxygen species, by stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced levels of adenosine-triphosphate. In the brain, levels of oleic-, linolic-, arachidonic- and docosahex-