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Pilot plant for flue gas treatment-continuous operation tests
R~ldror
Pergamon
PILOT
PLANT
I’/,,>
Chem.
0969-806X(95)00322-3
Vol. 46. No 4-h. pp ll)h7-lll7ll, 1Y95 Copyright 0 IYYS Elaevier Science Ltd PrInted in Grcac Brtta~n All rights rexrved whY-XllhX:‘)s $Y.SU + 11.00
FOR FLUE GAS TREATMENT-CONTINUOUS OPERATION TESTS
ABSTR4CT Tests of continous operation have been performed on pilot plant at EPS Kawqczyn in the wide range of SO,concentration (500-3000 ppm).The bag filter has been applied for aerosol separation. The high efficiences of SO, and NO, removal, approximately 90% were obtained and influenced by such process parameters as: dose, gas temperature and ammonia stoichiometry. The main apparatus of the pilot plant (e g. both accelerators) have proved their reliability in hard industrial conditions. KEYWORDS Electron beam. flue gas treatment,
NO, and SO- removal. INTRODI
has filter
s(‘l‘lON
Continous operation is one of the most important tests for reliability of apparatus of flue gas treatment installation. Such tests have been performed on the Polish Pilot Plant during its monthly operation with the bag filter unit Depends on the sulfur content in burned coal, the SO, concentration in flue gases achieves the level 3000 ppm The main purpose of these tests was to confirm applicability of E-Beam process for treatment of flue gases with the wide range of SO? concentration. PILOT
PLANT
Detailed description of the pifot plant has been presented earlier (Chmielewski ea, 1992, 1993). Analytical methods and control system of installation have been described in the paper of Licki et al , 1992. Kawc;czyn Power Station uses low-sulfur coal, so flue gases emitted from the WP-120 boiler contain about 500 ppm of SO, only. Because of that it is necessary to inject the additional amount of SO, from the cylinders at the inlet to the installation. CONTINOUS
PLAYT
OPERATION
The one month continous operation of the plant has been carried out. During individual tests the following parameters of E-beam process were changed, volumetric flow of the gases, SO,
1068
A. G. Chmielesski
ef a/.
concentration, temperature of gas mixture in inlet to the process vessel, dose, ammonia stoichiometry Example of plant performance reading is presented in Fig 1
.l.OO 2 z 0.50 0.00 12.0
Time
13.0
Chl
Fig. 1. Example of long-time test \+ith two-stages irradiation of flue gas containing SO,“- 1 000 ppm, NO,“- I35 ppm and gas humidity- 8 o o/0 t\-)
SO? and NO, removal Dependence of NO, removal vs dose is given in Fig.2 As reported earlier (Chmielewski et al., 1993) double irradiation effect on NO, removal has been observed. The influence of temperature on SO, and NO, removal is presented in Fig.3 The influence of ammonia stoichiometry on SO: removal is quite big, NO,depends on it modestlv (Fig.4). High inlet concentrations of SO, enhances NO, removal (Fig 5) Baa filter oneration Baghouse construction was described previously (Chmielewski d ,1992) Different filtration materials have been tested (Goretex- polyester felt with teflon finishing, Moratex- poliacrilic felt with hydrophobic impregnation, Polester- polyester felt). Normal operation conditions for bag filter were: temperature 80°C volumetric flow of gases about 15 000 Nm3/h; dolomite lime was applied as a filtration aid. Pressure drop changes during operation have been presented in Fig.6. Fine, hygroscopic product is formed (Chmielewski, 1994) Therefore aerosol filtration is one of the most difficult operations of the EB-technology. For improvment of bag filter operation, the filtration aid material is required.
‘Ith
Meeting
Interndtlonal
on
1069
Processing
Radiation
c .z
80
-
70
-
!/I;;1 0
G G n 2
0.5
E ” 2
6
50
-
40
-
30
-
0.6
0.7
0.a
0.9
1.0
Ammonia
1.1
1.2
stoichiometry
Z
Inlet so,
Inlet NO,
so, ippmvl. 1000 Ippmvl: 120 Process vessel inlet temp. KH, stoichlometry: 0.85
cf
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Ammonia
I” Cl: 0 94
1.0
lppml
1500
1.1
1.2
1.3
stoichiometry
Dose IkQ
Fig. 2. NO, I-emo\,al 1.5 dose at the bag
Fig. 4. SOland
NO, removal vs ammonia stoichiometry at the bag filter outlet Inlet UO,- I35 ppm, dose 11.5 kGy, process vessel inlet temperature - 69-7 1°C
filter outlet
Dose IkGy;. 1 t .i Inlet SO, lppml: 1000 Inlet NO, Ippml: 130
ammonia
stoichiometry.
0 85. 0.94
z 73 60E w a50
Proc. 50
60
70 h~ess
vessel
80 inlet
temp
90 I’CI
Fig. 3. SO, and NO, removal vs. process vessel inlet temperature
vess.
inlet
temp.
ITI:
69.5-71
Inlet SO,
.O
Ippml
Fig. 5. Effect of inlet SO, on NO, removal at the bag filter outlet.
1070
A. G. Chmielewski
Material
of bag
~ -
la 2a 3a
Goretex Goretex Moratex
-
4a
Polester
filters
EC-1
er al.
installed: ....u..-* 1 b Moratex
-2b b-w-=--3b r--x--x
4b
Goretex Moratex Polester
EC-2
operation
period
[hl
Fig. 6. Pressure drop of each chamber during bag filter operation
CONCLUSIONS One month continous operation of the pilot plant has been performed. The high reliability of all plant components including accelerators have been demonstrated. Filtration in bag filter is very effectiv-e (over 99 5%). For reliable bag filter operation are needed. proper design of bag and cages, use of suitable materials for bags and their operation with filtration aid (including pre-coating and temperature has to be over 80°C). ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by the Committee
for Scientific Research, Poland (research project no.
2 0985 91 10).
REFERENCES A.G. t’hmleiewsk~, 1:. IIler, Z. Zzmek, .J. I,lckl (1992), Pilot plant for electron beam flue gas treatment, Rad. Phys., Chem. 40 (4), 321-325, J. Lick-i, A. G. Chmielewski, G. Zakrzewkalhnadel aud N. Frank, ( 1992), Monitoring and control system for an EB flue gas treatment, Rad. Phys. Chem., 40 (4), 33 l-340. A.G. Chmilewski, B. TymiMi, J. I,icki, 1;. Iller Z. Zimek. A. IIobrowolski (1993), Pilot plant for et> flue gas treatment- start up and two-stage irradiation tests, Rad. Phys., Chem., 42 (4-6), 663-668, A.G. Chmielewski, E. Iller, Z. Zimek, .J. Licki, (1992, Laboratory and industrial research installations for electron beam flue gas treatment, IAEA-SA-325/124, Vienna, A. G. Chmielewski, (1994), Technological development of eb flue gas treatment based on physics and chemistry, 9th IMPR, Istambul, Invited paper, to be published in Rad. Phys., Chem.
Pergamon
PILOT
PLANT
I’/,,>
Chem.
0969-806X(95)00322-3
Vol. 46. No 4-h. pp ll)h7-lll7ll, 1Y95 Copyright 0 IYYS Elaevier Science Ltd PrInted in Grcac Brtta~n All rights rexrved whY-XllhX:‘)s $Y.SU + 11.00
FOR FLUE GAS TREATMENT-CONTINUOUS OPERATION TESTS
ABSTR4CT Tests of continous operation have been performed on pilot plant at EPS Kawqczyn in the wide range of SO,concentration (500-3000 ppm).The bag filter has been applied for aerosol separation. The high efficiences of SO, and NO, removal, approximately 90% were obtained and influenced by such process parameters as: dose, gas temperature and ammonia stoichiometry. The main apparatus of the pilot plant (e g. both accelerators) have proved their reliability in hard industrial conditions. KEYWORDS Electron beam. flue gas treatment,
NO, and SO- removal. INTRODI
has filter
s(‘l‘lON
Continous operation is one of the most important tests for reliability of apparatus of flue gas treatment installation. Such tests have been performed on the Polish Pilot Plant during its monthly operation with the bag filter unit Depends on the sulfur content in burned coal, the SO, concentration in flue gases achieves the level 3000 ppm The main purpose of these tests was to confirm applicability of E-Beam process for treatment of flue gases with the wide range of SO? concentration. PILOT
PLANT
Detailed description of the pifot plant has been presented earlier (Chmielewski ea, 1992, 1993). Analytical methods and control system of installation have been described in the paper of Licki et al , 1992. Kawc;czyn Power Station uses low-sulfur coal, so flue gases emitted from the WP-120 boiler contain about 500 ppm of SO, only. Because of that it is necessary to inject the additional amount of SO, from the cylinders at the inlet to the installation. CONTINOUS
PLAYT
OPERATION
The one month continous operation of the plant has been carried out. During individual tests the following parameters of E-beam process were changed, volumetric flow of the gases, SO,
1068
A. G. Chmielesski
ef a/.
concentration, temperature of gas mixture in inlet to the process vessel, dose, ammonia stoichiometry Example of plant performance reading is presented in Fig 1
.l.OO 2 z 0.50 0.00 12.0
Time
13.0
Chl
Fig. 1. Example of long-time test \+ith two-stages irradiation of flue gas containing SO,“- 1 000 ppm, NO,“- I35 ppm and gas humidity- 8 o o/0 t\-)
SO? and NO, removal Dependence of NO, removal vs dose is given in Fig.2 As reported earlier (Chmielewski et al., 1993) double irradiation effect on NO, removal has been observed. The influence of temperature on SO, and NO, removal is presented in Fig.3 The influence of ammonia stoichiometry on SO: removal is quite big, NO,depends on it modestlv (Fig.4). High inlet concentrations of SO, enhances NO, removal (Fig 5) Baa filter oneration Baghouse construction was described previously (Chmielewski d ,1992) Different filtration materials have been tested (Goretex- polyester felt with teflon finishing, Moratex- poliacrilic felt with hydrophobic impregnation, Polester- polyester felt). Normal operation conditions for bag filter were: temperature 80°C volumetric flow of gases about 15 000 Nm3/h; dolomite lime was applied as a filtration aid. Pressure drop changes during operation have been presented in Fig.6. Fine, hygroscopic product is formed (Chmielewski, 1994) Therefore aerosol filtration is one of the most difficult operations of the EB-technology. For improvment of bag filter operation, the filtration aid material is required.
‘Ith
Meeting
Interndtlonal
on
1069
Processing
Radiation
c .z
80
-
70
-
!/I;;1 0
G G n 2
0.5
E ” 2
6
50
-
40
-
30
-
0.6
0.7
0.a
0.9
1.0
Ammonia
1.1
1.2
stoichiometry
Z
Inlet so,
Inlet NO,
so, ippmvl. 1000 Ippmvl: 120 Process vessel inlet temp. KH, stoichlometry: 0.85
cf
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Ammonia
I” Cl: 0 94
1.0
lppml
1500
1.1
1.2
1.3
stoichiometry
Dose IkQ
Fig. 2. NO, I-emo\,al 1.5 dose at the bag
Fig. 4. SOland
NO, removal vs ammonia stoichiometry at the bag filter outlet Inlet UO,- I35 ppm, dose 11.5 kGy, process vessel inlet temperature - 69-7 1°C
filter outlet
Dose IkGy;. 1 t .i Inlet SO, lppml: 1000 Inlet NO, Ippml: 130
ammonia
stoichiometry.
0 85. 0.94
z 73 60E w a50
Proc. 50
60
70 h~ess
vessel
80 inlet
temp
90 I’CI
Fig. 3. SO, and NO, removal vs. process vessel inlet temperature
vess.
inlet
temp.
ITI:
69.5-71
Inlet SO,
.O
Ippml
Fig. 5. Effect of inlet SO, on NO, removal at the bag filter outlet.
1070
A. G. Chmielewski
Material
of bag
~ -
la 2a 3a
Goretex Goretex Moratex
-
4a
Polester
filters
EC-1
er al.
installed: ....u..-* 1 b Moratex
-2b b-w-=--3b r--x--x
4b
Goretex Moratex Polester
EC-2
operation
period
[hl
Fig. 6. Pressure drop of each chamber during bag filter operation
CONCLUSIONS One month continous operation of the pilot plant has been performed. The high reliability of all plant components including accelerators have been demonstrated. Filtration in bag filter is very effectiv-e (over 99 5%). For reliable bag filter operation are needed. proper design of bag and cages, use of suitable materials for bags and their operation with filtration aid (including pre-coating and temperature has to be over 80°C). ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported by the Committee
for Scientific Research, Poland (research project no.
2 0985 91 10).
REFERENCES A.G. t’hmleiewsk~, 1:. IIler, Z. Zzmek, .J. I,lckl (1992), Pilot plant for electron beam flue gas treatment, Rad. Phys., Chem. 40 (4), 321-325, J. Lick-i, A. G. Chmielewski, G. Zakrzewkalhnadel aud N. Frank, ( 1992), Monitoring and control system for an EB flue gas treatment, Rad. Phys. Chem., 40 (4), 33 l-340. A.G. Chmilewski, B. TymiMi, J. I,icki, 1;. Iller Z. Zimek. A. IIobrowolski (1993), Pilot plant for et> flue gas treatment- start up and two-stage irradiation tests, Rad. Phys., Chem., 42 (4-6), 663-668, A.G. Chmielewski, E. Iller, Z. Zimek, .J. Licki, (1992, Laboratory and industrial research installations for electron beam flue gas treatment, IAEA-SA-325/124, Vienna, A. G. Chmielewski, (1994), Technological development of eb flue gas treatment based on physics and chemistry, 9th IMPR, Istambul, Invited paper, to be published in Rad. Phys., Chem.