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Plasma fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations after plant sterol and plant stanol ester consumption – A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 252 (2016) e1ee196
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BARCELONA, Spain; 2 Oslo University Hospital Ullevål- Oslo- Norway, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo, Norway; 3 Aalborg University HospitalAalborg- Denmark., Department of Cardiology, Aalborg, Denmark
concentrations might have influenced the results. Effects on HDL metabolism need therefore further studies in populations with elevated TAG and low HDL-C.
Objectives: Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are small phospholipid-rich blebs shed from the membrane of vascular cells that seem to contribute to vascular disease progression. We aimed to investigate whether the serum fatty acid composition would regulate MP shedding in elderly patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
EAS16-0618, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. PLASMA FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMIN AND CAROTENOID CONCENTRATIONS AFTER PLANT STEROL AND PLANT STANOL ESTER CONSUMPTION e A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Methods: One hundred seventy-four patients aged 70-82 years 2-8 weeks after AMI were included in the study. Serum phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography. cMPs derived from cells of the vascular compartment were measured in citrated plasma samples by flow cytometry. Patients’ usual diet was recorded with the SmartDiet® questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effects of serum fatty acids on cMPs. Results: Patients with the unhealthiest dietary habits (lowest diet score) had higher percentage of serum oleic acid (mainly obtained at the expenses of consumption of meat and vegetable oils but not olive oil). In normolipidemic patients (n¼99, 57%), oleic acid was positively associated with total cMPs (Annexin V+), platelet-derived (CD61+, CD31+, CD31+, CD42b+, and CD31+/CD42b+) endothelial-derived (CD31+/CD42b-, CD309+, CD309+/CD34+ and CD62E+) and leukocytederived (CD45+, CD45+/CD3-/CD14- and CD62L+) cMPs (P 0.023, all), but not erythrocyte (CD235ab+)- and lymphocyte (CD3+/CD45+)derived MPs and cMPs carrying tissue factor (CD142+). No impact of oleic acid levels on cMPs was found in the group of hyperlipidemic patients. Conclusions: Oleic acid is associated with increased platelet-, endothelialand leukocyte-derived MP shedding in normolipidemic Norwegian elderly patients whit a recent AMI. This study shows that particular dietary habits may significantly influence MP shedding.
S. Baumgartner 1, R. Ras 2, E. Trautwein 2, R.P. Mensink 1, J. Plat 1. 1 Maastricht University, Human Biology, Maastricht, Netherlands; 2 Unilever Research, Unilever, Vlaardingen, Netherlands Objectives: Plant sterols and stanols interfere with intestinal micelle formation and cholesterol absorption and it has been questioned whether plasma fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations are also affected by plant sterol and stanol consumption.
C. Talbot 1, 2, J. Plat 1, 2, A. Ritsch 3, R. Mensink 1, 2. 1 Maastricht University, Human Biology and Movement Sciences- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands; 2 Top Institute of Food and Nutrition TIFN, Cardiovascular Health, Wageningen, Netherlands; 3 Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Medicine, Innsbruck, Austria
Methods: 41 RCT’s were included in a meta-analysis to provide an up-todate quantitated overview. A weighted net effect of non-standardized and total cholesterol (TC)-standardized values was calculated for 10 fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids using a random-effects model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were assessed by investigating the impact of predefined subject and treatment characteristics. Results: Mean daily intakes of plant stanols was 3.2g and of plant sterols 2.2g. b-Carotene concentrations decreased by 16.3% (-10.1% TC-standardized), a-carotene concentrations by 14.4% (-7.8% TC-standardized) and lycopene concentrations by 12.3% (-6.3% TC-standardized). Lutein concentrations decreased by 7.4%, while TC-standardized concentrations were not changed. Non-standardized zeaxanthin concentrations decreased by 12.9% (-7.7% TC-standardized) and b-cryptoxanthin concentrations by 10.6% (-4.8% TC-standardized). Non-standardized a-tocopherol concentrations decreased by 7.1% and g-tocopherol by 6.9%. TC-standardized tocopherol concentrations were unchanged. Non-standardized retinol and vitamin D concentrations were not affected. Plant stanols had a stronger effect on relative TC-standardized b-carotene concentrations than plant sterols, which might be explained by differences in dose, duration or use of food format but this needs further evaluation. Conclusions: Consumption of plant sterol and stanol esters lowers TCstandardized hydrocarbon carotenoid concentrations (b-carotene, acarotene and lycopene), differently affects TC-standardized oxygenated carotenoid concentrations (reduction in zeaxanthin and b-cryptoxanthin but not in lutein) and does not affect TC-standardized tocopherol concentrations or absolute retinol and vitamin D concentrations.
Objectives: Plant sterols and stanols consumption lower low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but may also affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. HDL may be antiatherogenic, particularly by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Effects of plant sterols and stanols on parameters related to HDL metabolism have hardly been studied.
EAS16-0652, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. HAZELNUT-ENRICHED DIET IMPROVES LIPID PROFILE, FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ERYTHROCYTES MEMBRANE AND MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH PRIMARY DYSLIPIDEMIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
EAS16-0550, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. PLANT STANOL SUPPLEMENTATION LOWERS CETP-MASS, BUT NOT CETP-ACTIVITY, IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
The objective was to investigate effects of plant sterol and stanol ester consumption on parameters related to HDL metabolism and functionality. Methods: Data from 2 earlier studies with healthy subjects (BMI32 kg/ m2; aged between 18-65 years) were used. In study 1, 24 men and 42 women consumed for 8 weeks 3.9 g/day plant stanols. In study 2, 25 men and 16 women consumed for 85 weeks 2.5 g/day plant stanols or sterols. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mass and activity, cholesterol efflux capacity, and HDL-C and apoA1 concentrations were determined. Results: Serum HDL-C concentrations were positively associated with serum plant sterol concentrations. Plant stanol ester consumption significantly decreased CETP mass by 10.7% (first study) and 14.4% (second study). Plant stanol ester did not affect the other parameters tested, and plant sterol esters did not affect any of the HDL-related parameters examined. Conclusions: Plant stanol supplementation significantly lowers CETPmass, but not CETP-activity and cholesterol efflux. No effects of plant sterols were found. As people did not have the metabolic syndrome, the fact that subjects did not have low HDL-C and high triacylglycerol (TAG)
V. Deon 1, C. Del Bo' 1, A. Bosusco 2, S. Vendrame 1, M. Porrini 1, P. degli Studi di Milano, Simonetti 1, O. Guardamagna 2, P. Riso 1. 1 Universita Department of Food- Environmental and Nutritional Sciences DeFENS, degli Studi di Torino, Department of HealthMilan, Italy; 2 Universita Sciences and Pediatric, Torino, Italy Objectives: Dyslipidemia is the major cause for atherosclerosis and is associated to an increase of oxidative stress. Children affected by primary dyslipidemia may run an additional risk to develop CVD during adulthood. Diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids and bioactives can positively influence the blood lipid profile and the antioxidant status. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of daily intake of hazelnuts consumed as a snack, on lipid profile, erythrocytes fatty acid composition and markers of oxidative stress in dyslipidemic children. Methods: An 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel dietary intervention study with hazelnuts (20-30 g based on weight) was scheduled. The study involved 60 children affected by primary dyslipidemia. Subjects received
e91
BARCELONA, Spain; 2 Oslo University Hospital Ullevål- Oslo- Norway, Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo, Norway; 3 Aalborg University HospitalAalborg- Denmark., Department of Cardiology, Aalborg, Denmark
concentrations might have influenced the results. Effects on HDL metabolism need therefore further studies in populations with elevated TAG and low HDL-C.
Objectives: Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are small phospholipid-rich blebs shed from the membrane of vascular cells that seem to contribute to vascular disease progression. We aimed to investigate whether the serum fatty acid composition would regulate MP shedding in elderly patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
EAS16-0618, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. PLASMA FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMIN AND CAROTENOID CONCENTRATIONS AFTER PLANT STEROL AND PLANT STANOL ESTER CONSUMPTION e A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Methods: One hundred seventy-four patients aged 70-82 years 2-8 weeks after AMI were included in the study. Serum phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography. cMPs derived from cells of the vascular compartment were measured in citrated plasma samples by flow cytometry. Patients’ usual diet was recorded with the SmartDiet® questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effects of serum fatty acids on cMPs. Results: Patients with the unhealthiest dietary habits (lowest diet score) had higher percentage of serum oleic acid (mainly obtained at the expenses of consumption of meat and vegetable oils but not olive oil). In normolipidemic patients (n¼99, 57%), oleic acid was positively associated with total cMPs (Annexin V+), platelet-derived (CD61+, CD31+, CD31+, CD42b+, and CD31+/CD42b+) endothelial-derived (CD31+/CD42b-, CD309+, CD309+/CD34+ and CD62E+) and leukocytederived (CD45+, CD45+/CD3-/CD14- and CD62L+) cMPs (P 0.023, all), but not erythrocyte (CD235ab+)- and lymphocyte (CD3+/CD45+)derived MPs and cMPs carrying tissue factor (CD142+). No impact of oleic acid levels on cMPs was found in the group of hyperlipidemic patients. Conclusions: Oleic acid is associated with increased platelet-, endothelialand leukocyte-derived MP shedding in normolipidemic Norwegian elderly patients whit a recent AMI. This study shows that particular dietary habits may significantly influence MP shedding.
S. Baumgartner 1, R. Ras 2, E. Trautwein 2, R.P. Mensink 1, J. Plat 1. 1 Maastricht University, Human Biology, Maastricht, Netherlands; 2 Unilever Research, Unilever, Vlaardingen, Netherlands Objectives: Plant sterols and stanols interfere with intestinal micelle formation and cholesterol absorption and it has been questioned whether plasma fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid concentrations are also affected by plant sterol and stanol consumption.
C. Talbot 1, 2, J. Plat 1, 2, A. Ritsch 3, R. Mensink 1, 2. 1 Maastricht University, Human Biology and Movement Sciences- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands; 2 Top Institute of Food and Nutrition TIFN, Cardiovascular Health, Wageningen, Netherlands; 3 Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Medicine, Innsbruck, Austria
Methods: 41 RCT’s were included in a meta-analysis to provide an up-todate quantitated overview. A weighted net effect of non-standardized and total cholesterol (TC)-standardized values was calculated for 10 fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids using a random-effects model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were assessed by investigating the impact of predefined subject and treatment characteristics. Results: Mean daily intakes of plant stanols was 3.2g and of plant sterols 2.2g. b-Carotene concentrations decreased by 16.3% (-10.1% TC-standardized), a-carotene concentrations by 14.4% (-7.8% TC-standardized) and lycopene concentrations by 12.3% (-6.3% TC-standardized). Lutein concentrations decreased by 7.4%, while TC-standardized concentrations were not changed. Non-standardized zeaxanthin concentrations decreased by 12.9% (-7.7% TC-standardized) and b-cryptoxanthin concentrations by 10.6% (-4.8% TC-standardized). Non-standardized a-tocopherol concentrations decreased by 7.1% and g-tocopherol by 6.9%. TC-standardized tocopherol concentrations were unchanged. Non-standardized retinol and vitamin D concentrations were not affected. Plant stanols had a stronger effect on relative TC-standardized b-carotene concentrations than plant sterols, which might be explained by differences in dose, duration or use of food format but this needs further evaluation. Conclusions: Consumption of plant sterol and stanol esters lowers TCstandardized hydrocarbon carotenoid concentrations (b-carotene, acarotene and lycopene), differently affects TC-standardized oxygenated carotenoid concentrations (reduction in zeaxanthin and b-cryptoxanthin but not in lutein) and does not affect TC-standardized tocopherol concentrations or absolute retinol and vitamin D concentrations.
Objectives: Plant sterols and stanols consumption lower low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but may also affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. HDL may be antiatherogenic, particularly by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages. Effects of plant sterols and stanols on parameters related to HDL metabolism have hardly been studied.
EAS16-0652, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. HAZELNUT-ENRICHED DIET IMPROVES LIPID PROFILE, FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ERYTHROCYTES MEMBRANE AND MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH PRIMARY DYSLIPIDEMIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
EAS16-0550, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: NUTRITION. PLANT STANOL SUPPLEMENTATION LOWERS CETP-MASS, BUT NOT CETP-ACTIVITY, IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
The objective was to investigate effects of plant sterol and stanol ester consumption on parameters related to HDL metabolism and functionality. Methods: Data from 2 earlier studies with healthy subjects (BMI32 kg/ m2; aged between 18-65 years) were used. In study 1, 24 men and 42 women consumed for 8 weeks 3.9 g/day plant stanols. In study 2, 25 men and 16 women consumed for 85 weeks 2.5 g/day plant stanols or sterols. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mass and activity, cholesterol efflux capacity, and HDL-C and apoA1 concentrations were determined. Results: Serum HDL-C concentrations were positively associated with serum plant sterol concentrations. Plant stanol ester consumption significantly decreased CETP mass by 10.7% (first study) and 14.4% (second study). Plant stanol ester did not affect the other parameters tested, and plant sterol esters did not affect any of the HDL-related parameters examined. Conclusions: Plant stanol supplementation significantly lowers CETPmass, but not CETP-activity and cholesterol efflux. No effects of plant sterols were found. As people did not have the metabolic syndrome, the fact that subjects did not have low HDL-C and high triacylglycerol (TAG)
V. Deon 1, C. Del Bo' 1, A. Bosusco 2, S. Vendrame 1, M. Porrini 1, P. degli Studi di Milano, Simonetti 1, O. Guardamagna 2, P. Riso 1. 1 Universita Department of Food- Environmental and Nutritional Sciences DeFENS, degli Studi di Torino, Department of HealthMilan, Italy; 2 Universita Sciences and Pediatric, Torino, Italy Objectives: Dyslipidemia is the major cause for atherosclerosis and is associated to an increase of oxidative stress. Children affected by primary dyslipidemia may run an additional risk to develop CVD during adulthood. Diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids and bioactives can positively influence the blood lipid profile and the antioxidant status. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of daily intake of hazelnuts consumed as a snack, on lipid profile, erythrocytes fatty acid composition and markers of oxidative stress in dyslipidemic children. Methods: An 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel dietary intervention study with hazelnuts (20-30 g based on weight) was scheduled. The study involved 60 children affected by primary dyslipidemia. Subjects received