- Email: [email protected]
Ploidy manipulation strategies for economically important Allium crops
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 231S (2016) S4–S109
Ploidy manipulation strategies for economically important Allium crops Ali Ramazan Alan ∗ , Fevziye Celebi Toprak Pamukkale University Plant Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Application and Research Center (PAU BIYOM), Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (A.R. Alan). The genus Allium contains economically important vegetable crops including onion (A. cepa), bunching onion (Allium fustilosum), wild chives (A. schoenoprasum), leek (Allium ampeloprasum), and garlic chives (A. tuberosum). Development of new varieties in these Allium species is rather slow and difficult mainly due to their large genome size, polyploidy, and high tendency towards out breeding. When applicable, gynogenesis technique may allow production of haploid and diploid plants from diploid and tetraploid Alliums. Considerable amount of progress has been made towards development of gynogenesis induction techniques that can provide sufficient numbers of haploid plants from onion and wild chives and diploid plants from leek and garlic chives. In Alliums, plants with gametic chromosome number are generally sterile. Therefore, gynogenic plants have to be brought back to the original ploidy level of the species to restore fecundity. In this communication, gynogenesis induction, ploidy determination, and chromosome doubling techniques optimized for some of the important Allium crops will be presented.
S31
down-regulated genes were involved in the biological processes: metabolic process, cellular process, biosynthetic process, response to stress, photosynthesis, transport, catabolic process and protein modification process. MapMan visualization of up/down regulated genes revealed involvement of differentially regulated genes in selected pathways. Differentially regulated genes under freezing stress displayed that MYB4 controls a large and complex transcriptional network associated with diverse cellular processes in potato; primarily defense and rescue, metabolism and development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.128 Proteomic and spectroscopic characterization of the venom structure of Thoracobombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus) Nezahat Pinar Barkan 1,∗ , Fatma Duygu Ozel Demiralp 2 , Ahmet Murat Aytekin 1 1
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (N.P. Barkan).
Selcuk University, Department of Biology, Konya, Turkey; Middle East Technical University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 2 Middle East Technical University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 3 University of Florida, Department of Agronomy, Gainsville, USA 4 Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, Turkey
In order to make use of therapeutic and industrial potential of venom, its chemical composition has to be characterized first. Thoracobombus is a highly diversified subgenus of bumble bees represented by 14 species in Turkey. The main aim of this study is to characterize the venom structure of 5 bumble bee species from this subgenus and to reveal venom diversity. Venom samples were investigated by using both proteomic and spectroscopic methods. In proteomic analyses, determination of protein concentrations, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and peptide mass fingerprinting by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were carried out. According to the results obtained, we have determined 34 proteins for B. (Thoracobombus) humilis, 12 for B. pascuorum, 31 for B. ruderarius, 30 for B. sylvarum and 14 for B. zonatus. In spectroscopical analyses, spectra were obtained for each venom sample by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. Results suggest that venom profiles of species from the same subgenera show resemblance to each other though some molecules are species specific. This study is the first study by which venom 2D gel profiles, venom proteins and FT-IR spectra are characterized for these species.
E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Aydin).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.127 Cold-induced comparative transcriptome analysis of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kennebec) that heterologously expresses the rice Osmyb4 gene Gulsum Aydin 1,2,∗ , Mehmet Tufan Oz 3 , Meral Yucel 2 , Huseyin Avni Oktem 4 1
Microarray technology makes it possible to evaluate genome-wide expression profiles in a temporal fashion within a single sample, or to compare profiles among samples. In the present study, cold-induced transcriptomes of transgenic potato expressing Oryza sativa Osmyb4 gene (S2) and non-transgenic potato (NTC) was compared using microarray technology to elucidate the MYB4regulated processes and downstream target genes. Total RNA samples isolated from leaf discs after freezing treatment (−4 ◦ C), were reverse transcribed into cDNA and loaded on GeneChip® Tomato Genome Array (Affymetrix). Expression data was analyzed using GeneSpringGX 11.0 (Agilent) software. The significantly different probe sets (fold change of at least 2 and P-value of at most 0.05) were annotated using Tomato Functional Genomics Database and were visualized in the context of existing knowledge (pathway) using MapMan 3.5.0 Beta Software. A total of 1112 probe sets were differentially regulated in S2 compared to NTC. A majority of the up-regulated and
Behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular investigation of sciatic nerve regeneration period in a newt, Triturus karelinii Secil Karahisar Turan 1,∗ , Mehmet Ali Onur 1 , F. Duygu Ozel Demiralp 2 1
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (S.K. Turan). The early regeneration studies about amphibian models date back to the 18th century and urodele amphibians are known to be unique among the vertebrates with their high regenerative capacity that retains during their life span, ever since. In this study, it
Ploidy manipulation strategies for economically important Allium crops Ali Ramazan Alan ∗ , Fevziye Celebi Toprak Pamukkale University Plant Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Application and Research Center (PAU BIYOM), Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (A.R. Alan). The genus Allium contains economically important vegetable crops including onion (A. cepa), bunching onion (Allium fustilosum), wild chives (A. schoenoprasum), leek (Allium ampeloprasum), and garlic chives (A. tuberosum). Development of new varieties in these Allium species is rather slow and difficult mainly due to their large genome size, polyploidy, and high tendency towards out breeding. When applicable, gynogenesis technique may allow production of haploid and diploid plants from diploid and tetraploid Alliums. Considerable amount of progress has been made towards development of gynogenesis induction techniques that can provide sufficient numbers of haploid plants from onion and wild chives and diploid plants from leek and garlic chives. In Alliums, plants with gametic chromosome number are generally sterile. Therefore, gynogenic plants have to be brought back to the original ploidy level of the species to restore fecundity. In this communication, gynogenesis induction, ploidy determination, and chromosome doubling techniques optimized for some of the important Allium crops will be presented.
S31
down-regulated genes were involved in the biological processes: metabolic process, cellular process, biosynthetic process, response to stress, photosynthesis, transport, catabolic process and protein modification process. MapMan visualization of up/down regulated genes revealed involvement of differentially regulated genes in selected pathways. Differentially regulated genes under freezing stress displayed that MYB4 controls a large and complex transcriptional network associated with diverse cellular processes in potato; primarily defense and rescue, metabolism and development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.128 Proteomic and spectroscopic characterization of the venom structure of Thoracobombus (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus) Nezahat Pinar Barkan 1,∗ , Fatma Duygu Ozel Demiralp 2 , Ahmet Murat Aytekin 1 1
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (N.P. Barkan).
Selcuk University, Department of Biology, Konya, Turkey; Middle East Technical University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 2 Middle East Technical University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 3 University of Florida, Department of Agronomy, Gainsville, USA 4 Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, Turkey
In order to make use of therapeutic and industrial potential of venom, its chemical composition has to be characterized first. Thoracobombus is a highly diversified subgenus of bumble bees represented by 14 species in Turkey. The main aim of this study is to characterize the venom structure of 5 bumble bee species from this subgenus and to reveal venom diversity. Venom samples were investigated by using both proteomic and spectroscopic methods. In proteomic analyses, determination of protein concentrations, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and peptide mass fingerprinting by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) were carried out. According to the results obtained, we have determined 34 proteins for B. (Thoracobombus) humilis, 12 for B. pascuorum, 31 for B. ruderarius, 30 for B. sylvarum and 14 for B. zonatus. In spectroscopical analyses, spectra were obtained for each venom sample by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy. Results suggest that venom profiles of species from the same subgenera show resemblance to each other though some molecules are species specific. This study is the first study by which venom 2D gel profiles, venom proteins and FT-IR spectra are characterized for these species.
E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Aydin).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.127 Cold-induced comparative transcriptome analysis of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kennebec) that heterologously expresses the rice Osmyb4 gene Gulsum Aydin 1,2,∗ , Mehmet Tufan Oz 3 , Meral Yucel 2 , Huseyin Avni Oktem 4 1
Microarray technology makes it possible to evaluate genome-wide expression profiles in a temporal fashion within a single sample, or to compare profiles among samples. In the present study, cold-induced transcriptomes of transgenic potato expressing Oryza sativa Osmyb4 gene (S2) and non-transgenic potato (NTC) was compared using microarray technology to elucidate the MYB4regulated processes and downstream target genes. Total RNA samples isolated from leaf discs after freezing treatment (−4 ◦ C), were reverse transcribed into cDNA and loaded on GeneChip® Tomato Genome Array (Affymetrix). Expression data was analyzed using GeneSpringGX 11.0 (Agilent) software. The significantly different probe sets (fold change of at least 2 and P-value of at most 0.05) were annotated using Tomato Functional Genomics Database and were visualized in the context of existing knowledge (pathway) using MapMan 3.5.0 Beta Software. A total of 1112 probe sets were differentially regulated in S2 compared to NTC. A majority of the up-regulated and
Behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular investigation of sciatic nerve regeneration period in a newt, Triturus karelinii Secil Karahisar Turan 1,∗ , Mehmet Ali Onur 1 , F. Duygu Ozel Demiralp 2 1
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Turkey 2 Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey E-mail address: [email protected] (S.K. Turan). The early regeneration studies about amphibian models date back to the 18th century and urodele amphibians are known to be unique among the vertebrates with their high regenerative capacity that retains during their life span, ever since. In this study, it