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C polymorphism: a biomarker of good prognosis of breast cancer in young patients
Basic and Translational Research / The Breast 21S1 (2012) S10–S12
S11
PO29 The role of nipple smears in young women and their value in cancer diagnoses in one centre in southwest England
PO31 FASL −844 T/C polymorphism: a biomarker of good prognosis of breast cancer in young patients
R. Hunt *, J. Mulhall, J. Dunn. The Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Breast Care Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
W. Mahfoudh1 *, N. Bouaouina2 , S. Gabbouj1 , L. Chouchane3 . Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Immuno-oncology, Monastir, Tunisia, 2 CHU Farhat Hached, D´epartment de Canc´erologie Radioth´erapie, Sousse, Tunisia, 3 Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Genetic Medicine, Doha, Qatar
Introduction: Nipple discharge is common. It is the presenting symptom in 5–7.4% of referrals to breast clinics. 1. Nipple fluid cytology is not useful in discriminating malignant from benign causes of nipple discharge in women of all ages. 2. There is no published data on the role of nipple smear cytology specifically in younger women and its predictive value for breast cancer. Methods: We reviewed all women who attended our unit with symptoms of nipple discharge from 2010–11 and reviewed the cytology and final diagnosis to ascertain the role of nipple fluid cytology in women under 40. Results: During the two year study period there were 195 smears taken from 161 women. 33% (53/161) of the women were under 40 years of age (range 13–93). One woman in the under 40’s group had a malignant diagnosis (1/53, 2%) compared with 11 in the over 40’s group. (11/108, 10%) (Fishers exact test p = 0.05) Discussion: The rate of malignancy in those presenting with nipple discharge is small. In women under 40, the rate is very small, and nipple discharge cytology does not add to the assessment of these women. PO30 Operable breast cancer in very young women, is there a difference? J. Maksimenko1 *, M. Reteris2 , A. Irmejs1 , G. Trofimovics1 . 1 Riga Stradins University, Institute of Oncology, Riga, Latvia, 2 Riga Stradins University, Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia The aim – to investigate the effect of specific clinicopathologic or treatment factors on prognosis and local failure rate. Material and Methods: we have retrospectively analyzed 99 consecutive primary invasive breast cancer (BC) patients’ cases with stage I–III diagnosed between 2005 and 2010. Patients were divided in two age groups: ≤35 years and above 35 years. The two common founder mutations in BRCA1 in Latvia were tested using a multiplexspecific polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: A total of 52 (52.5%) patients were aged ≤35 years. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to stage, tumour size, histological type and tumour grade, received radiation and adjuvant hormone therapy between two groups. Compared with the OP group, very YP had a higher expression of Ki-67 (P > 0.003). A greater proportion in the YP group had Luminal B HER2 positive and Triple negative BC, when compared with the OP group. Breast-conserving surgery was more common in the YPs group, but this was no statistically significant. YP were more likely to receive anthracycline-based chemotherapy and Herceptine. The median follow-up period in the YP group was 33 months and 22.3 months in the OP group. A higher proportion of YPs experienced distant recurrence (P > 0.012). In the YP group there was a higher proportion of local recurrence and YPs were more likely to die from BC, but this did not reach statistical significance. It was found that the type of surgery, surgical margin status, tumour histology, grade and subtype were not significant predictors of local recurrence. BCs in the YPs were associated with BRCA1 mutation (P > 0.024). Conclusion: BC in very YP was associated with high tumour proliferation rate and BRCA1 mutation. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in local recurrence rate. YPs were treated more aggressively, but experienced more distant recurrences with no statistically significant negative impact on survival.
1
The single nucleotide polymorphism, rs763110 (−844 T/C) of the FASL gene, is located within a putative binding motif of CAAT/enhancerbinding protein b transcription factor. Higher basal expression of FASL is significantly associated with the FASL −844C allele compared with the FASL −844T allele suggesting that the FASL −844 T/C polymorphism may influence FASL expression and FASL-mediated signalling, and ultimately, the susceptibility to cancer. Therefore, we carried out a population-based study to estimate the FASL −844C allele frequency in our population and to investigate, in a case-control study, the potential association of the FASL −844 T/C polymorphism with the risk and prognosis of breast cancer in Tunisia. FASL −844 T/C polymorphism was examined in a Tunisian population-based case-control of 438 patients with breast cancer and 332 control subjects using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. By using TT genotype as reference, no significant association was found between any genotype and the risk of developing breast cancer. Similarly, by using T allele as reference, this difference was also not statistically significant. We observed FASL −844CC genotype and FASL −844C allele were significantly associated with SBR 1–2 tumour grade (OR = 0.42, P = 0.007, OR = 0.65, P = 0.005, respectively). In patients with diagnosis age ≤50 years, FASL −844CC genotype and C allele showed significant associations with T1-T2 clinical tumour size (OR = 0.34, P = 0.01; OR = 0.65, P = 0.02, respectively) and SBR grade 1–2 (OR = 0.41, P = 0.02; OR = 0.62, P = 0.01, respectively). A marginally significant association was also found with negative nodal status (OR = 0.53, P = 0.06; OR = 0.73, P = 0.07, respectively). Thus, the FASL −844CC genotype and C allele seem to be associated with a good prognosis in patients with diagnosis age ≤50 years. PO32 Metabolomic changes in young breast cancer patients by proton high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) technique – a pilot study A.A. Sonkar1 *, J.K. Kushwaha1 , R. Roy2 , N. Hussain3 , S. Kumar1 , A. Raj1 . 1 CSM Medical University, Department of Surgery, Lucknow, India, 2 Centre for Biomedical magnetic Resonance, Department of Centre for Biomedical magnetic Resonance, Lucknow, India, 3 RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Lucknow, India Introduction: Young adult women (YAW) of 15 to 39 years age accounts for 7% of all breast cancer. Evidence suggests that breast cancer in YAW may be distinct etiologically; clinically from breast cancer in older women. The present study was performed to assess the metabolic differences in between the breast cancer in YAW and older patients by HRMAS technique. Methodology: A total of 139 tissue samples; n = 23 normal breast tissues, n = 44 malignant tissues. n = 22 YAW; n = 22 older women. 22 lymph nodes, 18 nerves, 18 veins and 14 arteries were obtained from both groups after MRM. All these tissue samples were stored in −80° centigrade. Experiments were carried on Bruker Fallandan Switzerland 400 MHz FT NMR spectrometer equipped with a 4mm 1H/13C HR-MAS dual probehead. After HRMAS experiments the same tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. Results: The spectra of breast cancer compared to normal had a different metabolic profile. In malignant tissues of both age groups the presence of choline, Phosphocholine and Glycero Phospho
S11
PO29 The role of nipple smears in young women and their value in cancer diagnoses in one centre in southwest England
PO31 FASL −844 T/C polymorphism: a biomarker of good prognosis of breast cancer in young patients
R. Hunt *, J. Mulhall, J. Dunn. The Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Breast Care Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
W. Mahfoudh1 *, N. Bouaouina2 , S. Gabbouj1 , L. Chouchane3 . Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Immuno-oncology, Monastir, Tunisia, 2 CHU Farhat Hached, D´epartment de Canc´erologie Radioth´erapie, Sousse, Tunisia, 3 Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Genetic Medicine, Doha, Qatar
Introduction: Nipple discharge is common. It is the presenting symptom in 5–7.4% of referrals to breast clinics. 1. Nipple fluid cytology is not useful in discriminating malignant from benign causes of nipple discharge in women of all ages. 2. There is no published data on the role of nipple smear cytology specifically in younger women and its predictive value for breast cancer. Methods: We reviewed all women who attended our unit with symptoms of nipple discharge from 2010–11 and reviewed the cytology and final diagnosis to ascertain the role of nipple fluid cytology in women under 40. Results: During the two year study period there were 195 smears taken from 161 women. 33% (53/161) of the women were under 40 years of age (range 13–93). One woman in the under 40’s group had a malignant diagnosis (1/53, 2%) compared with 11 in the over 40’s group. (11/108, 10%) (Fishers exact test p = 0.05) Discussion: The rate of malignancy in those presenting with nipple discharge is small. In women under 40, the rate is very small, and nipple discharge cytology does not add to the assessment of these women. PO30 Operable breast cancer in very young women, is there a difference? J. Maksimenko1 *, M. Reteris2 , A. Irmejs1 , G. Trofimovics1 . 1 Riga Stradins University, Institute of Oncology, Riga, Latvia, 2 Riga Stradins University, Faculty of Medicine, Riga, Latvia The aim – to investigate the effect of specific clinicopathologic or treatment factors on prognosis and local failure rate. Material and Methods: we have retrospectively analyzed 99 consecutive primary invasive breast cancer (BC) patients’ cases with stage I–III diagnosed between 2005 and 2010. Patients were divided in two age groups: ≤35 years and above 35 years. The two common founder mutations in BRCA1 in Latvia were tested using a multiplexspecific polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: A total of 52 (52.5%) patients were aged ≤35 years. There were no statistically significant differences in relation to stage, tumour size, histological type and tumour grade, received radiation and adjuvant hormone therapy between two groups. Compared with the OP group, very YP had a higher expression of Ki-67 (P > 0.003). A greater proportion in the YP group had Luminal B HER2 positive and Triple negative BC, when compared with the OP group. Breast-conserving surgery was more common in the YPs group, but this was no statistically significant. YP were more likely to receive anthracycline-based chemotherapy and Herceptine. The median follow-up period in the YP group was 33 months and 22.3 months in the OP group. A higher proportion of YPs experienced distant recurrence (P > 0.012). In the YP group there was a higher proportion of local recurrence and YPs were more likely to die from BC, but this did not reach statistical significance. It was found that the type of surgery, surgical margin status, tumour histology, grade and subtype were not significant predictors of local recurrence. BCs in the YPs were associated with BRCA1 mutation (P > 0.024). Conclusion: BC in very YP was associated with high tumour proliferation rate and BRCA1 mutation. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in local recurrence rate. YPs were treated more aggressively, but experienced more distant recurrences with no statistically significant negative impact on survival.
1
The single nucleotide polymorphism, rs763110 (−844 T/C) of the FASL gene, is located within a putative binding motif of CAAT/enhancerbinding protein b transcription factor. Higher basal expression of FASL is significantly associated with the FASL −844C allele compared with the FASL −844T allele suggesting that the FASL −844 T/C polymorphism may influence FASL expression and FASL-mediated signalling, and ultimately, the susceptibility to cancer. Therefore, we carried out a population-based study to estimate the FASL −844C allele frequency in our population and to investigate, in a case-control study, the potential association of the FASL −844 T/C polymorphism with the risk and prognosis of breast cancer in Tunisia. FASL −844 T/C polymorphism was examined in a Tunisian population-based case-control of 438 patients with breast cancer and 332 control subjects using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. By using TT genotype as reference, no significant association was found between any genotype and the risk of developing breast cancer. Similarly, by using T allele as reference, this difference was also not statistically significant. We observed FASL −844CC genotype and FASL −844C allele were significantly associated with SBR 1–2 tumour grade (OR = 0.42, P = 0.007, OR = 0.65, P = 0.005, respectively). In patients with diagnosis age ≤50 years, FASL −844CC genotype and C allele showed significant associations with T1-T2 clinical tumour size (OR = 0.34, P = 0.01; OR = 0.65, P = 0.02, respectively) and SBR grade 1–2 (OR = 0.41, P = 0.02; OR = 0.62, P = 0.01, respectively). A marginally significant association was also found with negative nodal status (OR = 0.53, P = 0.06; OR = 0.73, P = 0.07, respectively). Thus, the FASL −844CC genotype and C allele seem to be associated with a good prognosis in patients with diagnosis age ≤50 years. PO32 Metabolomic changes in young breast cancer patients by proton high resolution magic angle spinning (HRMAS) technique – a pilot study A.A. Sonkar1 *, J.K. Kushwaha1 , R. Roy2 , N. Hussain3 , S. Kumar1 , A. Raj1 . 1 CSM Medical University, Department of Surgery, Lucknow, India, 2 Centre for Biomedical magnetic Resonance, Department of Centre for Biomedical magnetic Resonance, Lucknow, India, 3 RML Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Lucknow, India Introduction: Young adult women (YAW) of 15 to 39 years age accounts for 7% of all breast cancer. Evidence suggests that breast cancer in YAW may be distinct etiologically; clinically from breast cancer in older women. The present study was performed to assess the metabolic differences in between the breast cancer in YAW and older patients by HRMAS technique. Methodology: A total of 139 tissue samples; n = 23 normal breast tissues, n = 44 malignant tissues. n = 22 YAW; n = 22 older women. 22 lymph nodes, 18 nerves, 18 veins and 14 arteries were obtained from both groups after MRM. All these tissue samples were stored in −80° centigrade. Experiments were carried on Bruker Fallandan Switzerland 400 MHz FT NMR spectrometer equipped with a 4mm 1H/13C HR-MAS dual probehead. After HRMAS experiments the same tissues were subjected to histopathological examination. Results: The spectra of breast cancer compared to normal had a different metabolic profile. In malignant tissues of both age groups the presence of choline, Phosphocholine and Glycero Phospho