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Pollution Control in Metal Finishing
II ~ir~r R,',cw'¢h ~.ol \. p '~55 P e r g a m o n Prc',s iq.'a. P'rlntCd ill G r e a t Britain
BOOK REVIEWS Environmental Problems and Their International Implications. Colorado Associated University Press, 1973, 510.00. Although the title of this book might lead the reader to expect a discussion on global problems arising from the transport of pollutants in the atmosphere and by the oceans, in point of fact the book contains a group of papers gi,,en at a conference in Turkey to stimulate the interests of students in some of the subjects of importance in environmental pollution. These subjects are mainly atmospheric and marine pollution. The chemistry of the pollution of the atmosphere is well presented, particularly the formation of NO. its significance and the conflicting views that are held on its importance. The problem of oil pollution is dealt with at the strictly technical level by describing how it arises and how it can be dealt with. Students would have benefited by an account of the gradual control of oil pollution in marine waters that has resulted from fifty years of international co-operation. Conditions in the Baltic Sea are described as an example of the problems that occur in international waters. These arise partly from organic poflutants, which may be traced to sewage or industrial discharges in proportions that ',ary according to the location, mineral nutrients such as phosphorus, mostly from sewage discharges, and toxicants from industrial processes. One can see the advantage of bringing students from developing ,'md developed countries face to face with the realities of urban and industrial cxpansion but it requires unusually talented and dedicated students to derive the maximum benefit from detailed lectures on air and water pollution, desert vegetation and land use in arid regions. water quality monitoring and the legal aspects of pollution. S. H. JENKINS
Pollution Control in Metal Finishing. M. R. WATSON. Noyes Data Corporation, New Jersey and London (15 November. 1973). $36.00. According to a statement in the Foreword, this book should provide all the background information that is necessary to plan a course of action to combat pollution from the metztl finishing industry. It classifies pollution from the industry into seven types. arising from contamination of water with cyanide, chro-
mate. acid ~+r :tlk:tli. oil+ h~3a~? metals, phenols and phosphates. The pollution of the atmosphere b? emissions from plating baths, degreasing operations and paint spray booths is also dealt with. The subject is treated logically by first characterizing the wastes, giving information about the volumes of wastewater discharged from different establishments and the content of pollutants in the wastewater, the effect of these components on se~age purification processes and the legal restrictions that arc placed on discharges of this type. General methods for the treatment of metal finishing~ v, astewaters ace then described. A section on in-plant control lbllo~ s this, in the reviewer's opinion, should come first and bc dealt with in great detail, and particularly contain advice on how to carry out a study of the problem. The prevention of accidental spillages of a serious nature are described, as ~ell as chapters on water conservation and the up-dating of pollution control. The author really spreads himself in this last section ~ith 15 t\dl page illustrations of how to control pollution at an unspecified plant. Subsequent chapters deal with treatment processes to remove specific pollutants such as acid and alkali. The removal of chromium, described in a chapter or 5{) pages. is probabl,, the most detailed account of existing and proposed processes that has yet appeared. The same remarks apply to the remo,,al of cyanide. Treatment by chlorine in gascous form or combined as hypochlorite, an electrolytic technique, catal,~sis, ferroc~anidc, ionizing radiation, aldehyde. starch, carbon adsorption, heating, ion flotation and liquid liquid extraction are described in detail or at least mentioned. The removal of fluoride down to teve[s of 1 mg 1- ~ or less is given. The treatment of wastes containing nickel, oil paint, phosphorus, silver, zinc and pickle liquor complete the section of the book concerned with water pollution. The neutralization of acid and removal of the iron in pickle liquor is particularly well described. In keeping with the strictly practical nature of the book. the economic aspect of effluent treatment is not neglected. The book concludes with an account of the atmospheric pollution that may occur in the plating industry and practical measure that can be taken to prevent or control it. The book attains its stated objective in providing an upto-date review of the subject of air and water pollution in the plating industry and the steps that have been taken or proposed to control the pollution. S. H, JENKINS
855
BOOK REVIEWS Environmental Problems and Their International Implications. Colorado Associated University Press, 1973, 510.00. Although the title of this book might lead the reader to expect a discussion on global problems arising from the transport of pollutants in the atmosphere and by the oceans, in point of fact the book contains a group of papers gi,,en at a conference in Turkey to stimulate the interests of students in some of the subjects of importance in environmental pollution. These subjects are mainly atmospheric and marine pollution. The chemistry of the pollution of the atmosphere is well presented, particularly the formation of NO. its significance and the conflicting views that are held on its importance. The problem of oil pollution is dealt with at the strictly technical level by describing how it arises and how it can be dealt with. Students would have benefited by an account of the gradual control of oil pollution in marine waters that has resulted from fifty years of international co-operation. Conditions in the Baltic Sea are described as an example of the problems that occur in international waters. These arise partly from organic poflutants, which may be traced to sewage or industrial discharges in proportions that ',ary according to the location, mineral nutrients such as phosphorus, mostly from sewage discharges, and toxicants from industrial processes. One can see the advantage of bringing students from developing ,'md developed countries face to face with the realities of urban and industrial cxpansion but it requires unusually talented and dedicated students to derive the maximum benefit from detailed lectures on air and water pollution, desert vegetation and land use in arid regions. water quality monitoring and the legal aspects of pollution. S. H. JENKINS
Pollution Control in Metal Finishing. M. R. WATSON. Noyes Data Corporation, New Jersey and London (15 November. 1973). $36.00. According to a statement in the Foreword, this book should provide all the background information that is necessary to plan a course of action to combat pollution from the metztl finishing industry. It classifies pollution from the industry into seven types. arising from contamination of water with cyanide, chro-
mate. acid ~+r :tlk:tli. oil+ h~3a~? metals, phenols and phosphates. The pollution of the atmosphere b? emissions from plating baths, degreasing operations and paint spray booths is also dealt with. The subject is treated logically by first characterizing the wastes, giving information about the volumes of wastewater discharged from different establishments and the content of pollutants in the wastewater, the effect of these components on se~age purification processes and the legal restrictions that arc placed on discharges of this type. General methods for the treatment of metal finishing~ v, astewaters ace then described. A section on in-plant control lbllo~ s this, in the reviewer's opinion, should come first and bc dealt with in great detail, and particularly contain advice on how to carry out a study of the problem. The prevention of accidental spillages of a serious nature are described, as ~ell as chapters on water conservation and the up-dating of pollution control. The author really spreads himself in this last section ~ith 15 t\dl page illustrations of how to control pollution at an unspecified plant. Subsequent chapters deal with treatment processes to remove specific pollutants such as acid and alkali. The removal of chromium, described in a chapter or 5{) pages. is probabl,, the most detailed account of existing and proposed processes that has yet appeared. The same remarks apply to the remo,,al of cyanide. Treatment by chlorine in gascous form or combined as hypochlorite, an electrolytic technique, catal,~sis, ferroc~anidc, ionizing radiation, aldehyde. starch, carbon adsorption, heating, ion flotation and liquid liquid extraction are described in detail or at least mentioned. The removal of fluoride down to teve[s of 1 mg 1- ~ or less is given. The treatment of wastes containing nickel, oil paint, phosphorus, silver, zinc and pickle liquor complete the section of the book concerned with water pollution. The neutralization of acid and removal of the iron in pickle liquor is particularly well described. In keeping with the strictly practical nature of the book. the economic aspect of effluent treatment is not neglected. The book concludes with an account of the atmospheric pollution that may occur in the plating industry and practical measure that can be taken to prevent or control it. The book attains its stated objective in providing an upto-date review of the subject of air and water pollution in the plating industry and the steps that have been taken or proposed to control the pollution. S. H, JENKINS
855