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Preface – Scientific applications of DORIS in space geodesy
Accepted Manuscript PREFACE: Scientific Applications of DORI S in Space Geodesy F.G. Lemoine, E.J.O. Schrama PII: DOI: Reference:
S0273-1177(16)30628-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.002 JASR 12959
To appear in:
Advances in Space Research
Please cite this article as: Lemoine, F.G., Schrama, E.J.O., PREFACE: Scientific Applications of DORI S in Space Geodesy, Advances in Space Research (2016), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.002
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
PREFACE Scientific Applications of DORIS in Space Geodesy
As part of its responsibilities as an International Association of Geodesy (IAG) service, for the second time the International DORIS Service (IDS) community has prepared a technique contribution to the development of improved realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), in this case ITRF2014. In order to prepare their contributions, the IDS community undertook a systematic reanalysis of all DORIS data from 1993 to 2015.0, and examined in-depth issues that produced systematic errors, or limited the accuracy of DORIS data products. As a result the IDS contribution to ITRF2014 is a landmark achievement for the IDS. The efforts of the different groups provide the main impetus for this special issue in Advances in Space Research “Scientific Applications of DORIS in Space Geodesy”. For the third time the DORIS community has realized a special issue devoted to scientific analysis and products developed from DORIS data. The previous two special issues were published in the Journal of Geodesy (2006), and in Advances in Space Research (two volumes, 2010). The papers in this Special Issue provide a broad overview of the state-of-the art for the DORIS technique and focus on four main topics: ITRF2014, the Behavior of the Jason-2 DORIS Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO), Precise Orbit Determination, Network and System Improvements, and Inter-technique Comparisons of DORIS products. Six papers discuss the DORIS contributions to ITRF2014, including the contributions of individual DORIS Analysis Centers, as well as the DORIS technique combination provided to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). Collectively the papers summarize a multi-year effort to re-analyze over 20 years of data, to validate individual improvements, and to generate the improved time series. The results also illuminate new issues that suggest paths for future improvements. By virtue of its non-polar inclination (~66°), its higher altitude (~1336 km), and the fact it carries a DGXX receiver (capable of tracking up to seven DORIS beacons at once) Jason-2 is quite likely the most important satellite of the DORIS satellite constellation. The health of its Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO) is of prime concern and directly maps into the quality of the derived DORIS data products. Three papers discuss aspects of the behavior of the Jason-2 USO, and the results of these studies will need to be integrated into future analyses of Jason-2 data. Precise orbit determination is one of the applications of the DORIS technique as well as a prerequisite for use of the data in geodetic positioning. Three papers in this Special Issue discuss this topic, including precise orbit determination for SARAL, the development of improved models to correct the Ultra Stable Oscillators on Jason-1 and SPOT-5 for perturbations induced by the South Atlantic Anomaly, as well as describe in detail how to process the new Receiver Independent Exchange Format for DORIS, known as the
1
DORIS/RINEX data. Starting with the launch of Jason-3 on January 17, 2016, DORIS data will only be available in this new RINEX format; previously DORIS data was provided as generally ten second Doppler data (format 2.2 v2). Four papers discuss aspects of the DORIS beacon network operations, and the characterization of the Starec ground antenna and monumentation. The papers describe how the performance of the system is monitored in real-time by the products derived from the on-board DORIS navigator system (DIODE) and by the operators at the control system in Toulouse. In addition the papers provide an improved characterization of the DORIS ground antennae and monuments, with a view of DORIS contributing to further improvements in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. Two papers intercompare the DORIS products with those provided by other techniques, including the coordinate velocities provided by DORIS, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for ITRF2014, and the atmosphere products developed as part of an intensive observing campaign for VLBI in 2014 (CONT14). All papers in this special issue were subject to rigorous review. The Guest Editors solicited two to three reviewers for each paper to provide reports and recommendations; they congratulate the authors for their efforts in assembling the papers, as well as in answering in detail each of the comments provided by the reviewers. The Guest Editors also thank the reviewers from many different institutions both inside and outside the DORIS community who have read and critiqued the draft manuscripts for this special issue, and made suggestions for improvements. As guest editors, we have enjoyed the challenge of serving as editors and the opportunity to serve the DORIS community by helping to shepherd to completion this special issue on the analysis of DORIS data.
Guest Editors F. G. Lemoine Code 698, Planetary Geodynamics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA E-mail address: [email protected] E. J. O. Schrama Associate Professor, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS Delft, The Netherlands E-mail address: [email protected]
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S0273-1177(16)30628-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.002 JASR 12959
To appear in:
Advances in Space Research
Please cite this article as: Lemoine, F.G., Schrama, E.J.O., PREFACE: Scientific Applications of DORI S in Space Geodesy, Advances in Space Research (2016), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.11.002
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
PREFACE Scientific Applications of DORIS in Space Geodesy
As part of its responsibilities as an International Association of Geodesy (IAG) service, for the second time the International DORIS Service (IDS) community has prepared a technique contribution to the development of improved realization of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), in this case ITRF2014. In order to prepare their contributions, the IDS community undertook a systematic reanalysis of all DORIS data from 1993 to 2015.0, and examined in-depth issues that produced systematic errors, or limited the accuracy of DORIS data products. As a result the IDS contribution to ITRF2014 is a landmark achievement for the IDS. The efforts of the different groups provide the main impetus for this special issue in Advances in Space Research “Scientific Applications of DORIS in Space Geodesy”. For the third time the DORIS community has realized a special issue devoted to scientific analysis and products developed from DORIS data. The previous two special issues were published in the Journal of Geodesy (2006), and in Advances in Space Research (two volumes, 2010). The papers in this Special Issue provide a broad overview of the state-of-the art for the DORIS technique and focus on four main topics: ITRF2014, the Behavior of the Jason-2 DORIS Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO), Precise Orbit Determination, Network and System Improvements, and Inter-technique Comparisons of DORIS products. Six papers discuss the DORIS contributions to ITRF2014, including the contributions of individual DORIS Analysis Centers, as well as the DORIS technique combination provided to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). Collectively the papers summarize a multi-year effort to re-analyze over 20 years of data, to validate individual improvements, and to generate the improved time series. The results also illuminate new issues that suggest paths for future improvements. By virtue of its non-polar inclination (~66°), its higher altitude (~1336 km), and the fact it carries a DGXX receiver (capable of tracking up to seven DORIS beacons at once) Jason-2 is quite likely the most important satellite of the DORIS satellite constellation. The health of its Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO) is of prime concern and directly maps into the quality of the derived DORIS data products. Three papers discuss aspects of the behavior of the Jason-2 USO, and the results of these studies will need to be integrated into future analyses of Jason-2 data. Precise orbit determination is one of the applications of the DORIS technique as well as a prerequisite for use of the data in geodetic positioning. Three papers in this Special Issue discuss this topic, including precise orbit determination for SARAL, the development of improved models to correct the Ultra Stable Oscillators on Jason-1 and SPOT-5 for perturbations induced by the South Atlantic Anomaly, as well as describe in detail how to process the new Receiver Independent Exchange Format for DORIS, known as the
1
DORIS/RINEX data. Starting with the launch of Jason-3 on January 17, 2016, DORIS data will only be available in this new RINEX format; previously DORIS data was provided as generally ten second Doppler data (format 2.2 v2). Four papers discuss aspects of the DORIS beacon network operations, and the characterization of the Starec ground antenna and monumentation. The papers describe how the performance of the system is monitored in real-time by the products derived from the on-board DORIS navigator system (DIODE) and by the operators at the control system in Toulouse. In addition the papers provide an improved characterization of the DORIS ground antennae and monuments, with a view of DORIS contributing to further improvements in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. Two papers intercompare the DORIS products with those provided by other techniques, including the coordinate velocities provided by DORIS, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for ITRF2014, and the atmosphere products developed as part of an intensive observing campaign for VLBI in 2014 (CONT14). All papers in this special issue were subject to rigorous review. The Guest Editors solicited two to three reviewers for each paper to provide reports and recommendations; they congratulate the authors for their efforts in assembling the papers, as well as in answering in detail each of the comments provided by the reviewers. The Guest Editors also thank the reviewers from many different institutions both inside and outside the DORIS community who have read and critiqued the draft manuscripts for this special issue, and made suggestions for improvements. As guest editors, we have enjoyed the challenge of serving as editors and the opportunity to serve the DORIS community by helping to shepherd to completion this special issue on the analysis of DORIS data.
Guest Editors F. G. Lemoine Code 698, Planetary Geodynamics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA E-mail address: [email protected] E. J. O. Schrama Associate Professor, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Kluyverweg 1, 2629HS Delft, The Netherlands E-mail address: [email protected]
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