Prefrontal dysfunction in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy

IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S197–S253 his behavioral change and that persisted until the 30th day of admission, when he was discharged. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.571 Tu-P-2195

Prefrontal dysfunction in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy T. Ota a,∗ , J. Iida b , Y. Suehiro a , S. Shimizu a , H. Matsuura a , K. Yamamuro a , S. Tanaka a , M. Sawada c , H. Negoro d , T. Kishimoto a a Department Of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Japan b Faculty Of Nursing, Nara Medical University, Kashihara-shi, Japan c Department Of Psychiatry, Hannan Hospital, Sakai-shi, Japan d Department Of Education, Nara University of Education, Nara-shi, Japan ∗ Corresponding author. Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled noninvasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders. Functional neuroimaging studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have suggested that the frontal cortex and subcortical structures may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Twelve treatment-naïve children with OCD and 12 ageand sex-matched healthy control subjects participated in the present study after giving consent. The relative concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) were measured with frontal probes every 0.1 sec during the Stroop color-word task, using 24-channel NIRS machines. During the Stroop color-word task, the oxyHb changes in the control group were significantly larger than that in the OCD group in the prefrontal cortex, especially in the frontopolar cortex. The present study suggests that the children with OCD have the prefrontal dysfunction. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.572 Tu-P-2196

Effectiveness of a multimodal intervention for helping obsessive-compulsive youths and their families Hogue-Racine a , G. Laurin b , J. Lavergne b , J. Marier b , C. Picard b , H. Rousseau b , H. Simard b , V. Simard a , B. boileau b,∗ a Psychologie, université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Canada b Psychiatrie, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Canada ∗ Corresponding author. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), with/without medication, is the most widely recognized treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). More recently, family-based interventions have also proven effective in treating OCD, possibly through lessening familial accommodation to symptoms. This study assesses the effectiveness of a 3-month intervention (CBT + medication + family therapy) for child/adolescents OCD. The effectiveness was evaluated, amongst others, by pre-/post-treatment measurements (questionnaires) of symptoms severity and familial accommodation. So far, ten families of children/adolescents diagnosed with OCD have received the intervention. Pre/post-treatment comparisons showed a decrease in OCD symptoms severity (P < 0.01, ␩b = 0.46), the latter being subclinical. Accommodation also significantly decreased (P < 0.01, d = 1.02). The intervention was effective in reducing OCD symptoms in children/adolescents, which was also paralleled by a change in the family system, which accommodates the residual symptoms of the child to a lesser extent. This study is one of the few investigating the impact of an intervention on the symptoms and on the family functioning. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.573 Tu-P-2197

Prevalence and significance of verbal-performance IQ discrepancies in pediatric OCD

L. Fernández de la Cruz ∗ , K. Lang , G. Krebs , I. Heyman , D. Mataix-Cols King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK ∗ Corresponding author. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is associated with abnormal information processing in cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuitry and failures in cognitive

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and behavioral inhibitory processes. As a group, patients with OCD also tend to perform poorly on some executive functions, such as planning and set-shifting. Impairments in other neuropsychological functions such as visual memory, processing speed, and visual organization have also been reported. By contrast, verbal intelligence and verbal memory appear to be relatively preserved. This suggests possible discrepancies between verbal and non-verbal intellectual quotient (IQ), in favor of verbal IQ. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and significance of the IQ discrepancy in a sample of 103 children and adolescents diagnosed with OCD who were assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Third Edition. We tested the hypothesis that some (but not all) individuals with OCD are characterized by significant verbal-performance IQ discrepancies and explored whether these patients have particular clinical characteristics and whether they respond differently to evidence-based treatment for OCD. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.574 Tu-P-2198

The Aviator – the restriction of the world in obsessive-compulsive disorder in a teenager E. Baldeia ∗ , F. Rota-RossI CREAB, SMS Paraty, Paraty, Brazil ∗ Corresponding author.

The Obsessive-compulsive disorder (ICD-10 F 42) is characterized by obsessive thoughts and/or compulsive behaviors applicants. The obsessive ideas, thoughts, images or impulses that intrude on the consciousness of the person is repetitive, stereotyped, without significance for the individual affected. The attempt to resist leads to failure, which causes great distress. The individual recognizes that it is their own thoughts, trying to give a meaning, which leads to increased anxiety and obsessive thoughts, compulsive acts and rituals. We present a case of a 12 year old boy who, like Howard Hughes on The Aviator (movie), in the first interview with the psychologist and the psychiatrist, reports a warning from her mother, as the key moment, in which he need to wash his hands compulsively and stop compulsively touch objects which considers dirty. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.575 Tu-P-2199

Neuropsychologic and clinical profiles of child and adolescents diagnosed with childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder S. Baykal a , K. Karabekiroglu b,∗ , M. Yüce b , T. C ¸ alik b Child And Adolescent Psychiatry, Dumlupinar University, Kütahya Evliya Celebi Hospital, Kütahya, Turkey b Child And Adolescent Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey ∗ Corresponding author.

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The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and neuropsychological profile of children and adolescents diagnosed with Childhood-onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and to investigate the association between the duration, severity, comorbidity and family history of the disorder and clinical and neuropsychological functional impairments. Thirty-five OCD patients (patient group) and 35 healthy control subjects (control group) between 8-15 years of age were included. Based on the performance in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), the Stroop Test and Continuous Performance Test (CPT), the result of the study reveal that Childhood-Onset OCD patients have statistically significant worse performance compared to healthy controls in terms of executive functions, sustained attention and motor inhibition tasks. Excluding the comorbid diagnoses, Childhood-Onset OCD patients did not show difference in behavioral problems, but they had higher levels of anxiety compared to healthy controls. The findings of this study reveal that, independent of the duration, severity, comorbid problems and anxiety levels, the disorder itself is associated with worse performance in executive functions, attention and motor inhibition processes, and a positive family history of OCD is an important risk factor. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.576