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Pregnancy planning among danish women
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Study Methods: The author, who has been practising in a rural area for the past 20 years, explains how taking care of a growing fetus is like taking care of growing crops by pointing out down-to-earth similarities between farming and antenatal care. Just as fertilizers and micronutrients are given to the land to increase its fertility, a highly nutritious diet along with calcium and iron supplements must be given to the expectant mother. Just as timely spraying of the crops with insecticides is necessary to prevent certain disorders, vaccination is necessary for pregnant women. The farmer visits his farms frequently at regular intervals to watch for proper growth of crop and disease, if any. So too are antenatal visits essential and beneficial. Results: The above-mentioned, as well as many other similarities, exist between antenatal care and farming and have a tremendous impact on rural women. Moreover, the fact that a child is more precious than a crop usually motivates these women for antenatal care. Conclusion: Poor attendance to the ANC services proves to be an inefficiency in present health education methods. This author’s method is highly effective for rural people and may prove beneficial in developing countries.
P4.05.05 PREGNANCY PLANNING AMONG DANISH WOMEN V Rasch, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Objectives: To assess the influence of the women’s occupational and economical situation on the choice of planning and wanting to have a child. Study Methods: During a period of 15 month a total of 3516 pregnant women were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: 3143 women with wanted pregnancies and 373 women with unwanted pregnancies. The association between socio-economic characteristics and the choice of planning to have a child among Danish women was evaluated by a comparison between women stating they had a planned and wanted pregnancy (n=2137) and women stating they had an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy (n=342). Results: In the group of women with wanted pregnancies, 68% had planned to become pregnant. Women with planned and wanted pregnancies were more often married [OR: 54 (38.3.77.9)] and aged 25 34 [OR: 4.65 (3.61.6.00)] when compared to women with unplanned and unwanted pregnancies. Furthermore, they had more often a formal education [OR: 5.07 (3.81.6.74)], were more often employed [OR: 2.95 (2.33.3.73)] and had more often a monthly income above 10,000 DKK [OR: 3.02 (2.07.4.42)]. Conclusion: The decision to plan a pregnancy and have a child is dependent on the woman’s situation, as she may have to consider the possibilities of completing her education and her future position on the labour market before she establishes a family with child(ren).
P4.05.06 STUDY OF FACTS & AWARENESS ABOUT ADOLESCENT HEALTH EDUCATION IN SCHOOL-GOING GIRLS IN INDIA S. Guuta, Jeevan Jyoti Medicare, Gorakhpur, UP, India. Objectives: Study was conducted to outline real topics & approaches for health education in school-going adolescent girls based on factors & facts found in different social, economic & environmental settings. Study Methods: A questionnaire was prepared in local language containing questions on (a) awareness of menstruation, sex, pregnancy & family planning (FP); (b) future plans; (c) awareness of social issues esp. on women’s problems. In the FOGS1 year of adolescent girl I, as hony. Secretary of FOGS1 approached different girls schools, govt. as well as public, situated in urban & rural areas. The questionnaire was first explained and then they were asked to fill it up. 900 replies were received & analyzed. On the basis of the results, certain conclusions were drawn. Results: Respondents were categorized according to their economic, social and environmental belongings. Participants of high & upper middle socioeconomic classes were found to be more aware of facts about menstruation, sex, pregnancy and FP when compared to middle urban & rural class. Middle urban class had deep-rooted stigmas about menstruation, sex and pregnancy but they were concerned about women’s social issues &keen for higher education. Rural girls had
THURSDAY,
SEPTEMBER
natural acceptance of physical changes in adolescence and the secondary status of women in the family & society. Conclusion: Seeing the wide variations in awareness & concerns of adolescent girls in different social groups, it is concluded that for adolescent health education, programs should be flexible and tailored according to their specific requirements.
P4.05.07 TEENAGERS AND SEXUALITY: THE ROLES OF FAMILY AND SCHOOL IN THIS DISCOVERY. S. L. Parada, M. IOSSI,‘F. Dib, ** ‘Nurses of “Students’ Health Care Program” from Health Secretariat of RibeirPo Preto City. **Gynecologist from Health Secretary of RibeirPo Preto City. SBo Paula State, Brazil. Address (in Portuguese): Avenida Presidente Kennedy 2634, RibeirPo Preto, SP, Brasil, CEP: 14095-220. Objectives: To determine the degree of information of teenagers about some aspects related to sexuality, emphasizing the pregnancy, contraception, AIDS and other sexual related diseases. Study Methods: One hundred and one interviews of teenagers, containing dissertatives and multiple choices questions, educative actions like conferences with audiovisuals and other group teaching techniques. Results: The age of 85,15% varied from 13 to 15 years. Only a part of them have used contraceptive methods. The condom was preferred by most of them. Most said that sex and related subjects are frequently discussed in family environment, but they think that these subjects must be discussed at school. Conclusions: Condom is the most popular contraceptive method for teens. Family is fundamental in sex education, but the school plays an important role in order to minimize the incidence of some “complications”, like undesired pregnancy and the incidence of AIDS and sexual related diseases.
P4.05.08 THE EDUCATION OF MIDWIVES AT THE BEGINNING OF THE NEW MILLENNIUM S. BandBnL l?. T&s, E. MCszBros, F. Tam&i, G. Nyitray, J.T. Bartha, Dept. OBIGYN, Csepeli Weiss Manfred Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. Objectives: Since the late 90’s there have been significant changes in Mid-Eastern Europe. As a results of the family centric obstetrics and the baby-friendly hospital program we have improved our health care education system. Study Methods: In our postgraduate hospital we began the graduate program ten years ago. At first these programs were offered once a week through 5 weeks. The next step was to develop an intensive program with a length of three days. Nowadays, there are intensive one-week programs for midwives and for obstetrical nurses. They get 25 credit points after successfully completing a course. Results: There are 30-32 women in every class. This number is ideal for both the theoretical and practical lessons. In the last ten years, about 680 women participated in our postgraduate programs, and 97 percent had graduated successfully. The authors present their postgraduate program and its changes in detail. Conclusions: These programs have had a significant role in the recognition of the family friendly program in Mid-Eastern Europe. The midwives have an important role in the baby-friendly hospital program. As a result of this program the breastfeeding continues for more than 6 months in about 70 percent of the women.
P4.05.09 THE IMPACT OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE PROMOTION OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES A. I.F. Adewole, I.A. Barbarinsa, Dept. OBIGYN, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The impact of health education in the promotion of cervical cancer screening was evaluated in a local government area of Southwestern Nigeria. Women in reproductive age group (15.49), were specially targeted at antenatal, infant welfare and family planning clinics, as well as market places, by a team of physicians and health educators.
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Study Methods: The author, who has been practising in a rural area for the past 20 years, explains how taking care of a growing fetus is like taking care of growing crops by pointing out down-to-earth similarities between farming and antenatal care. Just as fertilizers and micronutrients are given to the land to increase its fertility, a highly nutritious diet along with calcium and iron supplements must be given to the expectant mother. Just as timely spraying of the crops with insecticides is necessary to prevent certain disorders, vaccination is necessary for pregnant women. The farmer visits his farms frequently at regular intervals to watch for proper growth of crop and disease, if any. So too are antenatal visits essential and beneficial. Results: The above-mentioned, as well as many other similarities, exist between antenatal care and farming and have a tremendous impact on rural women. Moreover, the fact that a child is more precious than a crop usually motivates these women for antenatal care. Conclusion: Poor attendance to the ANC services proves to be an inefficiency in present health education methods. This author’s method is highly effective for rural people and may prove beneficial in developing countries.
P4.05.05 PREGNANCY PLANNING AMONG DANISH WOMEN V Rasch, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. Objectives: To assess the influence of the women’s occupational and economical situation on the choice of planning and wanting to have a child. Study Methods: During a period of 15 month a total of 3516 pregnant women were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: 3143 women with wanted pregnancies and 373 women with unwanted pregnancies. The association between socio-economic characteristics and the choice of planning to have a child among Danish women was evaluated by a comparison between women stating they had a planned and wanted pregnancy (n=2137) and women stating they had an unplanned and unwanted pregnancy (n=342). Results: In the group of women with wanted pregnancies, 68% had planned to become pregnant. Women with planned and wanted pregnancies were more often married [OR: 54 (38.3.77.9)] and aged 25 34 [OR: 4.65 (3.61.6.00)] when compared to women with unplanned and unwanted pregnancies. Furthermore, they had more often a formal education [OR: 5.07 (3.81.6.74)], were more often employed [OR: 2.95 (2.33.3.73)] and had more often a monthly income above 10,000 DKK [OR: 3.02 (2.07.4.42)]. Conclusion: The decision to plan a pregnancy and have a child is dependent on the woman’s situation, as she may have to consider the possibilities of completing her education and her future position on the labour market before she establishes a family with child(ren).
P4.05.06 STUDY OF FACTS & AWARENESS ABOUT ADOLESCENT HEALTH EDUCATION IN SCHOOL-GOING GIRLS IN INDIA S. Guuta, Jeevan Jyoti Medicare, Gorakhpur, UP, India. Objectives: Study was conducted to outline real topics & approaches for health education in school-going adolescent girls based on factors & facts found in different social, economic & environmental settings. Study Methods: A questionnaire was prepared in local language containing questions on (a) awareness of menstruation, sex, pregnancy & family planning (FP); (b) future plans; (c) awareness of social issues esp. on women’s problems. In the FOGS1 year of adolescent girl I, as hony. Secretary of FOGS1 approached different girls schools, govt. as well as public, situated in urban & rural areas. The questionnaire was first explained and then they were asked to fill it up. 900 replies were received & analyzed. On the basis of the results, certain conclusions were drawn. Results: Respondents were categorized according to their economic, social and environmental belongings. Participants of high & upper middle socioeconomic classes were found to be more aware of facts about menstruation, sex, pregnancy and FP when compared to middle urban & rural class. Middle urban class had deep-rooted stigmas about menstruation, sex and pregnancy but they were concerned about women’s social issues &keen for higher education. Rural girls had
THURSDAY,
SEPTEMBER
natural acceptance of physical changes in adolescence and the secondary status of women in the family & society. Conclusion: Seeing the wide variations in awareness & concerns of adolescent girls in different social groups, it is concluded that for adolescent health education, programs should be flexible and tailored according to their specific requirements.
P4.05.07 TEENAGERS AND SEXUALITY: THE ROLES OF FAMILY AND SCHOOL IN THIS DISCOVERY. S. L. Parada, M. IOSSI,‘F. Dib, ** ‘Nurses of “Students’ Health Care Program” from Health Secretariat of RibeirPo Preto City. **Gynecologist from Health Secretary of RibeirPo Preto City. SBo Paula State, Brazil. Address (in Portuguese): Avenida Presidente Kennedy 2634, RibeirPo Preto, SP, Brasil, CEP: 14095-220. Objectives: To determine the degree of information of teenagers about some aspects related to sexuality, emphasizing the pregnancy, contraception, AIDS and other sexual related diseases. Study Methods: One hundred and one interviews of teenagers, containing dissertatives and multiple choices questions, educative actions like conferences with audiovisuals and other group teaching techniques. Results: The age of 85,15% varied from 13 to 15 years. Only a part of them have used contraceptive methods. The condom was preferred by most of them. Most said that sex and related subjects are frequently discussed in family environment, but they think that these subjects must be discussed at school. Conclusions: Condom is the most popular contraceptive method for teens. Family is fundamental in sex education, but the school plays an important role in order to minimize the incidence of some “complications”, like undesired pregnancy and the incidence of AIDS and sexual related diseases.
P4.05.08 THE EDUCATION OF MIDWIVES AT THE BEGINNING OF THE NEW MILLENNIUM S. BandBnL l?. T&s, E. MCszBros, F. Tam&i, G. Nyitray, J.T. Bartha, Dept. OBIGYN, Csepeli Weiss Manfred Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. Objectives: Since the late 90’s there have been significant changes in Mid-Eastern Europe. As a results of the family centric obstetrics and the baby-friendly hospital program we have improved our health care education system. Study Methods: In our postgraduate hospital we began the graduate program ten years ago. At first these programs were offered once a week through 5 weeks. The next step was to develop an intensive program with a length of three days. Nowadays, there are intensive one-week programs for midwives and for obstetrical nurses. They get 25 credit points after successfully completing a course. Results: There are 30-32 women in every class. This number is ideal for both the theoretical and practical lessons. In the last ten years, about 680 women participated in our postgraduate programs, and 97 percent had graduated successfully. The authors present their postgraduate program and its changes in detail. Conclusions: These programs have had a significant role in the recognition of the family friendly program in Mid-Eastern Europe. The midwives have an important role in the baby-friendly hospital program. As a result of this program the breastfeeding continues for more than 6 months in about 70 percent of the women.
P4.05.09 THE IMPACT OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE PROMOTION OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES A. I.F. Adewole, I.A. Barbarinsa, Dept. OBIGYN, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The impact of health education in the promotion of cervical cancer screening was evaluated in a local government area of Southwestern Nigeria. Women in reproductive age group (15.49), were specially targeted at antenatal, infant welfare and family planning clinics, as well as market places, by a team of physicians and health educators.
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