- Email: [email protected]
Prelim iii
Cancer Detection and Prevention 28 (2004) iii–iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS and EDITOR’S NOTES The peer-review process occasionally results in approval of controversial publications that do not necessarily reflect the viewpoint of the editors. Readers of the journal are encouraged to critically review and comment on presented data by submitting a ‘‘Letter to the Editor’’ that may be reprinted in a subsequent issue. Multifactorial oncogenesis 83 Family history of hematopoietic and other cancers in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia C. Infante-Rivard, MD, PhD, M. Guiguet, PhD A positive family history of hematopoietic malignancies among first- or second-degree relatives was associated with a slight risk increase for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The increase was stronger on the maternal than on the paternal side. 88 Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a is an early event in prostate carcinogenesis H. Zhong, MD, PhD, G.L. Semenza, MD, PhD, J.W. Simons, MD, A.M. De Marzo, MD, PhD In 11 of 14 high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, strong nuclear immunohistochemical staining revealed overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factors –1alpha and beta (HIF-1a and b). In areas adjacent to prostate cancer lesions, HIF-1b nuclear straining was found in normal prostate epithelial and endothelial cells. 94 The relationship between endometrial carcinoma and coexistent adenomyosis uteri, endometriosis externa and myoma uteri M. Koshiyama, MD, T. Okamoto, MD, M. Ueta, MD Endometrial adenocarcinomas accompanied by the hormone-dependent diseases, adenomyosis uteri, endometriosis externa, and myoma uteri, showed a low histologic grade (G1) and had a better prognosis than for control patients. Risk factors 99 Evidence of p53 immunohistochemical overexpression in ethmoidal mucosa of woodworkers G. Valente, MD, L. Ferrari, MD, S. Kerim, MD, C.F. Gervasio, MD, E. Ricci, MD, G. Migliaretti, BSc, E. Pira, MD, M. Bussi, MD In 92% of woodworkers with long-term exposure to wood dust, the esthmoidal mucosa was mainly layered by metaplastic epithelium. Occupational exposure to wood dust produced p53 overexpression in metaplastic and cililated nasal epithelium and in sero-mucus glands. In tumor cases the number of p53-positive cells of the normal epithelium was higher in woodworkers than in controls. 107 Effects of low dose aspirin (81 mg) on proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Amaranthus caudatus labeling in normal-risk and high-risk human subjects for colorectal cancer K. Krishnan, MD, FRCP, T. Aoki, MD, M.T. Ruffin, MD, MPH, D.P. Normolle, PhD, C. Richard Boland, MD, D.E. Brenner, MD The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-labeling index (LI) at baseline was higher in subjects at high risk for colorectal cancer than in normal risk individuals. Aspirin, at a dose of 81mg daily for 28 days, did not moderate the PCNA LI in either high-risk or normal-risk individuals. Thus, neither A. caudatus lectin (ACA) nor PCNA are useful biomarkers for chemopreventive activity of aspirin in morphologically normal human colorectal mucosa of high-risk or normal-risk individuals. Diagnostic markers 114 Tumor-associated antigen arrays to enhance antibody detection for cancer diagnosis J.-Y. Zhang, MD, PhD Increased frequencies of anti-c-myc antibodies were found in breast, lung, gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma but not in colorectal and prostate cancer. Autoantibodies to p53 have been found in lung, esophageal, oral, colon, gastric, hepatic, prostate, thyroid and bladder cancers. Detection of autoantibodies in cancer may be enhanced by tumor-associated antigens: c-myc, p53, cyclin B1, p62, Koc, IMPi and survivin.
doi:10.1016/S0361-090X(04)00041-8
iv
119
TABLE OF CONTENTS and EDITOR’S NOTES
Large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletion mutations and nuclear genome instability in human breast cancer W. Zhu, MD, W. Qin, MD, E.R. Sauter, MD, PhD At least one nuclear DNA (nDNA) or 4576 deletion mutations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA (mtDNA) were present in 97.4% of breast cancer specimens. The 4576 bp mtDNA deletion was present in 77% of breast cancer and in 13% of adjacent normal tissue but not in breast tissue without cancer.
Cancer control 127 Celecoxib: a potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in cancer prevention K. Kısmet, MD, M. Turan Akay, PhD, O. Abbasogˇlu, MD, A. Ercan, MD Description of the inhibitory effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are supported by 168 citations. Enhanced expression of COX-2 and beneficial effects of NSAIDs are presented for cancers of the colon, gastric, hepatic, pancreatic, lung, breast, skin, prostate and bladder. The chemopreventive effects of NSAIDs are linked to induction of apopotosis and to angiogenesis regulation. 143 Secular trends in cancer mortality, California 1970–1998 K. Nasseri, DVM, MPH, PhD Cancer mortality rates serve to reflect the effectiveness of cancer control activities. The decline in mortality rates from most major cancers is associated with specific primary control measures such as reducing tobacco use and increasing early detection activities like mammography, routine sigmoidoscopy, and prostate specific antigen testing for early detection and aggressive treatment of younger patients. 155
Instructions to Authors
Herbert E. Nieburgs, MD Editor-in-Chief Worcester, MA February 28, 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS and EDITOR’S NOTES The peer-review process occasionally results in approval of controversial publications that do not necessarily reflect the viewpoint of the editors. Readers of the journal are encouraged to critically review and comment on presented data by submitting a ‘‘Letter to the Editor’’ that may be reprinted in a subsequent issue. Multifactorial oncogenesis 83 Family history of hematopoietic and other cancers in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia C. Infante-Rivard, MD, PhD, M. Guiguet, PhD A positive family history of hematopoietic malignancies among first- or second-degree relatives was associated with a slight risk increase for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The increase was stronger on the maternal than on the paternal side. 88 Up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a is an early event in prostate carcinogenesis H. Zhong, MD, PhD, G.L. Semenza, MD, PhD, J.W. Simons, MD, A.M. De Marzo, MD, PhD In 11 of 14 high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, strong nuclear immunohistochemical staining revealed overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factors –1alpha and beta (HIF-1a and b). In areas adjacent to prostate cancer lesions, HIF-1b nuclear straining was found in normal prostate epithelial and endothelial cells. 94 The relationship between endometrial carcinoma and coexistent adenomyosis uteri, endometriosis externa and myoma uteri M. Koshiyama, MD, T. Okamoto, MD, M. Ueta, MD Endometrial adenocarcinomas accompanied by the hormone-dependent diseases, adenomyosis uteri, endometriosis externa, and myoma uteri, showed a low histologic grade (G1) and had a better prognosis than for control patients. Risk factors 99 Evidence of p53 immunohistochemical overexpression in ethmoidal mucosa of woodworkers G. Valente, MD, L. Ferrari, MD, S. Kerim, MD, C.F. Gervasio, MD, E. Ricci, MD, G. Migliaretti, BSc, E. Pira, MD, M. Bussi, MD In 92% of woodworkers with long-term exposure to wood dust, the esthmoidal mucosa was mainly layered by metaplastic epithelium. Occupational exposure to wood dust produced p53 overexpression in metaplastic and cililated nasal epithelium and in sero-mucus glands. In tumor cases the number of p53-positive cells of the normal epithelium was higher in woodworkers than in controls. 107 Effects of low dose aspirin (81 mg) on proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Amaranthus caudatus labeling in normal-risk and high-risk human subjects for colorectal cancer K. Krishnan, MD, FRCP, T. Aoki, MD, M.T. Ruffin, MD, MPH, D.P. Normolle, PhD, C. Richard Boland, MD, D.E. Brenner, MD The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-labeling index (LI) at baseline was higher in subjects at high risk for colorectal cancer than in normal risk individuals. Aspirin, at a dose of 81mg daily for 28 days, did not moderate the PCNA LI in either high-risk or normal-risk individuals. Thus, neither A. caudatus lectin (ACA) nor PCNA are useful biomarkers for chemopreventive activity of aspirin in morphologically normal human colorectal mucosa of high-risk or normal-risk individuals. Diagnostic markers 114 Tumor-associated antigen arrays to enhance antibody detection for cancer diagnosis J.-Y. Zhang, MD, PhD Increased frequencies of anti-c-myc antibodies were found in breast, lung, gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma but not in colorectal and prostate cancer. Autoantibodies to p53 have been found in lung, esophageal, oral, colon, gastric, hepatic, prostate, thyroid and bladder cancers. Detection of autoantibodies in cancer may be enhanced by tumor-associated antigens: c-myc, p53, cyclin B1, p62, Koc, IMPi and survivin.
doi:10.1016/S0361-090X(04)00041-8
iv
119
TABLE OF CONTENTS and EDITOR’S NOTES
Large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletion mutations and nuclear genome instability in human breast cancer W. Zhu, MD, W. Qin, MD, E.R. Sauter, MD, PhD At least one nuclear DNA (nDNA) or 4576 deletion mutations in mitochondrial (mt) DNA (mtDNA) were present in 97.4% of breast cancer specimens. The 4576 bp mtDNA deletion was present in 77% of breast cancer and in 13% of adjacent normal tissue but not in breast tissue without cancer.
Cancer control 127 Celecoxib: a potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in cancer prevention K. Kısmet, MD, M. Turan Akay, PhD, O. Abbasogˇlu, MD, A. Ercan, MD Description of the inhibitory effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are supported by 168 citations. Enhanced expression of COX-2 and beneficial effects of NSAIDs are presented for cancers of the colon, gastric, hepatic, pancreatic, lung, breast, skin, prostate and bladder. The chemopreventive effects of NSAIDs are linked to induction of apopotosis and to angiogenesis regulation. 143 Secular trends in cancer mortality, California 1970–1998 K. Nasseri, DVM, MPH, PhD Cancer mortality rates serve to reflect the effectiveness of cancer control activities. The decline in mortality rates from most major cancers is associated with specific primary control measures such as reducing tobacco use and increasing early detection activities like mammography, routine sigmoidoscopy, and prostate specific antigen testing for early detection and aggressive treatment of younger patients. 155
Instructions to Authors
Herbert E. Nieburgs, MD Editor-in-Chief Worcester, MA February 28, 2004