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Preparation and injection of grout from spent shale for stabilization of abandoned in-situ oil shale retorts
28A
Soil stabifisation
Concepts and equations have been developed to quantitatively determine stability of a rockbolted coal mine roof as a structural (beamarch) member consisting of reinforced rock units. The equations took into account rock-bolt tension, length, spacing, and crdentation, size of opening, strength and l~hysical properties of the rock, and loads from distressed rock. Using sensitivity analyses and the results from relevant previous analytical and physical model investigations, the equations were critically reviewed.
See also: 831190
Freezing See also: 831103, 831123, 831131
Site Investigation and Field Observation
Avail: NTIS, Springfield, Va, 22161 USA
(i::2. 82-218041)
Grouting 831231 ~ C A L GROUTIN3 TEST_ FROGRAMME FOR MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOCKS AND I ~ 4 26 Perez. J Y; Davidson, R R; Lacrolx, Y Geotechnique, V32, N3, Sept 1982, P217-233
See also: 831231 831234 ULTRASONIC STRESS MONITORING IN UNDERGROUND MINTING Siadwin, M T Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, vIg, NS, Oct 1982, P22!-228
The paper describes the chemical grouting test programme for the rehabilitation of locks and dam 26 on the Mississippi River. Four grouting methods, eight grout types and two grout-hole spacings were compared in the study. The effectiveness of injection of the chemical grouts in the alluvial sand was evaluated by bcrehole in situ testing and sampling, and monitoring of the grouting operation. The entire grouted soil mass was dewatered, excavated and mapped to provide a unique check of the reliability of the remote measurement techniques. Laboratc~'y testing on undisturbed grouted sand samples provided index, strength, stiffness, creep, deformation and permeability properties. Cost consld~atlons are ~Zso discussed. Auth.
83123~
Stress changes induced in a large (40 x 40 x 120 m) underground suppart pillar by mining developmerit have been monitored over a period of 2 yr in the ll00 copper orebody at Mt Isa Mine, Australia, using an ultrasonic stress monitcrirg device. Results are compared with estimates from in situ absolute stress measurements and with continuous strain recerdings at a nearby site. Propagation of stress relief cycles through the pillar were observed, amd a number of creep events were documented. The large increases in vertical stress field expected as the pillar was progressively isolated did not occur since the pillar yielded by shear on pre-existing fractures. Most of the deformation of the pillar which was observed in strain records occurred without significant stress change demonstrating the need for simultaneous stress and strain data. Stress relief events propagate slowly through a rock mass on time scales of several days.
PREPS/qATION A~D INJECTION OF GROUT FR(~4 SPENT STiaJ~E FOR ~YABIL!Z~qTION OF ABA}~ONED IN-SITU OIL SHALE RETORTS Mallon, R G J Pet Techno!, %~4, hq, July !982, P1609-!6!3 A procedure has been developed far stabilizing abandoned In-situ oil shale retorts by means of high-temperature treatment of surface-processed shale, followed by grinding, mixing with water, and injection underground. Laboratory results indicate that abandoned in-situ retorts can be made strong enough to prevent subsidence and sufficiently impermeable to reduce groundwater fl~; greatly, q~ne underground injection also reduces the amount of spent-shale disposal on the surface. Auth.
831233 ROKLOK F O L ~ - T H A N E BINDER: A CHEU~CAL INJECTION
831235
Describes a modified and improved hcrizontal plate gauge used to measure ground movements at a rockfill dam (Megget Dam). Typical results obtained fer settlement and downstream movement are also presented. 831236 NOTE ON THE GOODMAN JACK Swolfs, H S; Kibler, J D Rock Mech, V15, N2, Aug 1982, P57-66
3 Y S ~ < FOR THE CONSOLIDATION OF SEVERE IN-~INE GROLDrD CONDITIONS ~:cCabe, K W Proc 1st Conference on Ground Control in >~ining, Mcrgantown, 27-29 July 1981, Pl06ll5. Fubl Morgantown: West Virginia University, 1981 Two case studies are presented to illustrate the use of the Roklok pol~arethane binder: the Hawknest mine, USA (far the improvement of bad roof rock conditions) and the Fairview Federal 2 mine, USA (roof detericTatlon on the lomgwmll face). The system involves the injection of a mixture of low viscosity which can permeate fractures. This mixture then expands and sets to a strong binder.
IMPROVEE HORIZONTAL PLATE GAUGE. YECHNICAL NOTE Permmn, A D M; Charles, J A Geotechnlque, VB2, NB, Sept 1982, P278-282
Calibration experiments on the hard rock variety of the Goodman Jack were carried out using 3 metals of known Youth's modulus. The Jack was found to underestimate the Yotulg's modulus by a factar of 3.5 to 4. Use of the Hustrulid-T correction appeared to reduce ar eliminate the discrepancy between the measured and true moduli in the range of 30 to 50GPa. Field measuremerits from a lava flow demonstrated the accuracy achieved.
831237
TESTING OF A FYMLD DIELECTRIC SOIL MOISTURE kmT~ Ktlraz j V
Geotech Test J, V4, N3, Sept 1981, PIII-II6
Soil stabifisation
Concepts and equations have been developed to quantitatively determine stability of a rockbolted coal mine roof as a structural (beamarch) member consisting of reinforced rock units. The equations took into account rock-bolt tension, length, spacing, and crdentation, size of opening, strength and l~hysical properties of the rock, and loads from distressed rock. Using sensitivity analyses and the results from relevant previous analytical and physical model investigations, the equations were critically reviewed.
See also: 831190
Freezing See also: 831103, 831123, 831131
Site Investigation and Field Observation
Avail: NTIS, Springfield, Va, 22161 USA
(i::2. 82-218041)
Grouting 831231 ~ C A L GROUTIN3 TEST_ FROGRAMME FOR MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOCKS AND I ~ 4 26 Perez. J Y; Davidson, R R; Lacrolx, Y Geotechnique, V32, N3, Sept 1982, P217-233
See also: 831231 831234 ULTRASONIC STRESS MONITORING IN UNDERGROUND MINTING Siadwin, M T Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, vIg, NS, Oct 1982, P22!-228
The paper describes the chemical grouting test programme for the rehabilitation of locks and dam 26 on the Mississippi River. Four grouting methods, eight grout types and two grout-hole spacings were compared in the study. The effectiveness of injection of the chemical grouts in the alluvial sand was evaluated by bcrehole in situ testing and sampling, and monitoring of the grouting operation. The entire grouted soil mass was dewatered, excavated and mapped to provide a unique check of the reliability of the remote measurement techniques. Laboratc~'y testing on undisturbed grouted sand samples provided index, strength, stiffness, creep, deformation and permeability properties. Cost consld~atlons are ~Zso discussed. Auth.
83123~
Stress changes induced in a large (40 x 40 x 120 m) underground suppart pillar by mining developmerit have been monitored over a period of 2 yr in the ll00 copper orebody at Mt Isa Mine, Australia, using an ultrasonic stress monitcrirg device. Results are compared with estimates from in situ absolute stress measurements and with continuous strain recerdings at a nearby site. Propagation of stress relief cycles through the pillar were observed, amd a number of creep events were documented. The large increases in vertical stress field expected as the pillar was progressively isolated did not occur since the pillar yielded by shear on pre-existing fractures. Most of the deformation of the pillar which was observed in strain records occurred without significant stress change demonstrating the need for simultaneous stress and strain data. Stress relief events propagate slowly through a rock mass on time scales of several days.
PREPS/qATION A~D INJECTION OF GROUT FR(~4 SPENT STiaJ~E FOR ~YABIL!Z~qTION OF ABA}~ONED IN-SITU OIL SHALE RETORTS Mallon, R G J Pet Techno!, %~4, hq, July !982, P1609-!6!3 A procedure has been developed far stabilizing abandoned In-situ oil shale retorts by means of high-temperature treatment of surface-processed shale, followed by grinding, mixing with water, and injection underground. Laboratory results indicate that abandoned in-situ retorts can be made strong enough to prevent subsidence and sufficiently impermeable to reduce groundwater fl~; greatly, q~ne underground injection also reduces the amount of spent-shale disposal on the surface. Auth.
831233 ROKLOK F O L ~ - T H A N E BINDER: A CHEU~CAL INJECTION
831235
Describes a modified and improved hcrizontal plate gauge used to measure ground movements at a rockfill dam (Megget Dam). Typical results obtained fer settlement and downstream movement are also presented. 831236 NOTE ON THE GOODMAN JACK Swolfs, H S; Kibler, J D Rock Mech, V15, N2, Aug 1982, P57-66
3 Y S ~ < FOR THE CONSOLIDATION OF SEVERE IN-~INE GROLDrD CONDITIONS ~:cCabe, K W Proc 1st Conference on Ground Control in >~ining, Mcrgantown, 27-29 July 1981, Pl06ll5. Fubl Morgantown: West Virginia University, 1981 Two case studies are presented to illustrate the use of the Roklok pol~arethane binder: the Hawknest mine, USA (far the improvement of bad roof rock conditions) and the Fairview Federal 2 mine, USA (roof detericTatlon on the lomgwmll face). The system involves the injection of a mixture of low viscosity which can permeate fractures. This mixture then expands and sets to a strong binder.
IMPROVEE HORIZONTAL PLATE GAUGE. YECHNICAL NOTE Permmn, A D M; Charles, J A Geotechnlque, VB2, NB, Sept 1982, P278-282
Calibration experiments on the hard rock variety of the Goodman Jack were carried out using 3 metals of known Youth's modulus. The Jack was found to underestimate the Yotulg's modulus by a factar of 3.5 to 4. Use of the Hustrulid-T correction appeared to reduce ar eliminate the discrepancy between the measured and true moduli in the range of 30 to 50GPa. Field measuremerits from a lava flow demonstrated the accuracy achieved.
831237
TESTING OF A FYMLD DIELECTRIC SOIL MOISTURE kmT~ Ktlraz j V
Geotech Test J, V4, N3, Sept 1981, PIII-II6