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Pressure derivatives of the sound velocities of polycrystalline alumina
trogen temperatures is described. It is necessary to adopt this special bonding technique to overcome the different thermal contractions of transducer, bonding agent and specimen, especially on mechanically weak specimens. The best composition of bonding agent was found to be 64% propylene, 33°10 methane and 3% nitrogen. This produced a good bond for velocity measurements at liquid helium temperatures at 10 MHz. The equipment and techniques are described in detail (15 references, 3 figures, 1 table) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 550) MAHER,A.D. Electronic and ultrasonic welding of plastics. Light Production Engineering 4, No.6, p. 4 (1966). Welding methods that meet the demands of mechanized mass production and assembly lines are described. Most plastics products can be welded ultrasonically either by contact techniques suitable for thin sheets or by transmission methods. The transmission welding is suitable for three-dimensional objects and welds at up to 25 cm from the welding tool have been achieved (3 figures, 2 tables) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 551) MALINKA,A.V. Echo-shadow combination in ultrasonic defectoscopy. Defectoscopiya,2,No.3,p.44 (1966). A combination of pulse-echo and shadow techniques preserves the high sensitivity of the former with the added reliability of the latter. The two transducers are arranged as in transmission techniques but by suitable switching they can work both as pulse-echo probes and as receivers of the"transmitted signal. The installation is intended for non-destructive testing of welded pipe seams. The echo-shadow technique is theoretically analysed and block diagrams of the electronics and installation are given (1 reference, 2 figures) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 552) MATTING,A.and HEIDEMAN,A. Development of a device for ultrasonic testing of bearing bushes. Materialprufung, 8, No.5, p. 175 (1966). The quality of bonds between the housing and the lining shell of a slider type bearing can be determined ultrasonically. Both pulse echo and pUlse-transmission immersion techniques are used with a specially developed rotating table and scanning device. The technique can reliably detect unbonds as well as voids and porosity. Theoretical considerations, a detailed description of installation and some practical results are given (7 figures, 5 references) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 553) NEMKINA, E. D. et al An ultrasonic method of determining grain orientation of transformer steel. Industrial Laboratory 32, No.1, p. 62 (1966). Ultrasonic attenuation as a function of grain orientation of transformer steel has been studied. A standard pulse-echo instrument (UDN -1M) was used with 5 MHz 40° angular probes. Specially prepared transformer steel samples 0.5-0.35 mm thick were used and it is shown that this technique is reliable and can be used as a method of determining the orientation direction [001] of the grains. The results of these studies were confirmed by radiographic techniques (1 figure, 1 table) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 554)
OBRAZ,J. Equipment for automatic ultrasonic inspection of heavy plates. Strojirenstvi, 16, No.1, p. 63 (1966). This article describes the principles and constructional details of a simple automatic installation for the insp~ction of heavy plates up to 500 mm thick. At 2 mm defects equivalent to 2 mm can be detected at depths of up to 300 mm and equivalent to 3 mm at depths of up to 500 mm. Automatic gain control and compensation for surface roughness are incorporated and the installation can inspect an area of 4 x 4 mm in 2 hr. The design was based on a similar equipment working at 4 MHz on plates 5-30 mm thick (10 figures, 7 references) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 555) RENKEN, C. J. and SELNER, I. H. Refractory metal tubing inspection using ultrasonic and pulsed eddy-current methods. Materials Evaluation, 4, No.5, p. 257 (1966). Test systems used at Argonne National Laboratory on thin walled refractory metal and alloy tubing are described. Results derived by each system are compared: cases are shown where they are complementary and where one method is more suitable than the other. Micrographs of typical defects are given and the question of artificial standards and their correlation to natural defects is elaborated. Ultrasonic probes are described in detail and a block diagram of inspection system is given (11 figures 4 references) (UltrasoniCS 1966, abstract 556) SCHERBINSKII, V. G. et al Installation for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of thin concentric weld seams utilizing B-scan display. Defectoscopiya, 2, No.3, p. 28 (1966). Apparatus (UDV -1) for testing weld seams in pipe of 72-92 mm diameter and wall thicknesses 6-8 mm is described. To increase reliability and the ease of location of defects, a special automatic scanning device and long persistence B-display have been developed. It is a two-probe system and displays a crosssection of defects equivalent to 1. 5 mm with 99-95% reliability. Complete analysis of the seams takes 5-15 min (5 figures, 3 references) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 557) SCHREIBER, E. and ANDERSON, O. L. Pressure derivatives of the sound velocities of polycrystalline alumina. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 49, No.4, p.184, (1966). The application of ultrasonic interferometry in the measur€ment of elastic constants of polycrystalline ceramics and of their pressure and temperature derivatives is described. The advantages of ultrasonics are high accuracy, compactness of samples (1 x 1 x 0.5 cm) and the fact that the measurements can be performed at other than ambi~nt conditions. The method is in good agreement with other techniques and it is suggested that the pressure derivatives at up to several hundred kilobars can be calculated from data derived at low pressures. (5 figures, 8 tables, 17 references) (u:ltrasonics 1966, abstract 558) SHEPELERV, A. G. and FILIMONOV, G. D. Apparatus for studying the attenuation of high frequency ultrasonics in superconductors. Cryogenics, 6, No.2, p.103 (1966). The apparatus described is suitable for simultaneous determination of the velocity and attenuation of ultrasound of a wide range of temperatures and frequencies ULTRASONICS October 1966
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OBRAZ,J. Equipment for automatic ultrasonic inspection of heavy plates. Strojirenstvi, 16, No.1, p. 63 (1966). This article describes the principles and constructional details of a simple automatic installation for the insp~ction of heavy plates up to 500 mm thick. At 2 mm defects equivalent to 2 mm can be detected at depths of up to 300 mm and equivalent to 3 mm at depths of up to 500 mm. Automatic gain control and compensation for surface roughness are incorporated and the installation can inspect an area of 4 x 4 mm in 2 hr. The design was based on a similar equipment working at 4 MHz on plates 5-30 mm thick (10 figures, 7 references) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 555) RENKEN, C. J. and SELNER, I. H. Refractory metal tubing inspection using ultrasonic and pulsed eddy-current methods. Materials Evaluation, 4, No.5, p. 257 (1966). Test systems used at Argonne National Laboratory on thin walled refractory metal and alloy tubing are described. Results derived by each system are compared: cases are shown where they are complementary and where one method is more suitable than the other. Micrographs of typical defects are given and the question of artificial standards and their correlation to natural defects is elaborated. Ultrasonic probes are described in detail and a block diagram of inspection system is given (11 figures 4 references) (UltrasoniCS 1966, abstract 556) SCHERBINSKII, V. G. et al Installation for ultrasonic non-destructive testing of thin concentric weld seams utilizing B-scan display. Defectoscopiya, 2, No.3, p. 28 (1966). Apparatus (UDV -1) for testing weld seams in pipe of 72-92 mm diameter and wall thicknesses 6-8 mm is described. To increase reliability and the ease of location of defects, a special automatic scanning device and long persistence B-display have been developed. It is a two-probe system and displays a crosssection of defects equivalent to 1. 5 mm with 99-95% reliability. Complete analysis of the seams takes 5-15 min (5 figures, 3 references) (Ultrasonics 1966, abstract 557) SCHREIBER, E. and ANDERSON, O. L. Pressure derivatives of the sound velocities of polycrystalline alumina. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 49, No.4, p.184, (1966). The application of ultrasonic interferometry in the measur€ment of elastic constants of polycrystalline ceramics and of their pressure and temperature derivatives is described. The advantages of ultrasonics are high accuracy, compactness of samples (1 x 1 x 0.5 cm) and the fact that the measurements can be performed at other than ambi~nt conditions. The method is in good agreement with other techniques and it is suggested that the pressure derivatives at up to several hundred kilobars can be calculated from data derived at low pressures. (5 figures, 8 tables, 17 references) (u:ltrasonics 1966, abstract 558) SHEPELERV, A. G. and FILIMONOV, G. D. Apparatus for studying the attenuation of high frequency ultrasonics in superconductors. Cryogenics, 6, No.2, p.103 (1966). The apparatus described is suitable for simultaneous determination of the velocity and attenuation of ultrasound of a wide range of temperatures and frequencies ULTRASONICS October 1966
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