- Email: [email protected]
Prevention campaign for poisoning in children in the municipality of Zaragoza Chimaltenango
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Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 259S (2016) S73–S247
Cellular and Computational Toxicology (ASCCT) has, since 2010, provided a venue for collaboration by scientists representing regulatory agencies and industries, as well as non-profit, method developer, and contract research organizations, to collaborate in order to facilitate the cooperative development and use of in vitro and in silico methods. Materials and methods: The ASCCT offers traditional and innovative ways for members and others to collaborate and share information, including an annual meeting, an online newsletter, and an e-mail discussion list. The ASCCT’s webinar program provides in-depth presentations by experts in their fields, covering relevant new in vitro or in silico tools, concepts, and policy efforts and simultaneously providing a venue for interested members to share their research with colleagues. While focusing on North American events and activities, the ASCCT also endeavors to collaborate with international societies with similar missions. Finally, the ASCCT offers discounted memberships, travel awards, and annual meeting registration waivers to students in order to encourage the involvement of young scientists in its activities. Conclusions: In five years, the ASCCT has grown to represent the needs and interests of members working in toxicology at regulatory agencies, companies, academic institutions, and nonprofit institutions. The society has formed working relationships and held cooperative sessions with other similarly-focused scientific societies, and broadcast more than twenty educational webinars. It is recent 5th Annual Meeting was held in Research Triangle Park and provided an opportunity for early- and late-career scientists alike to share their research using in vitro and computational methods. As toxicology incorporates more of these as well as systems biology methods and concepts, collaborative interaction, discussion, and education, which forms the foundation of the ASCCT’s mission, will be essential to successful chemical safety assessments and public health protection. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.272 PO6.4 State Center advisory in toxicology and pharmacology experience in Boyacá, Colombia N. Rodríguez Cortés, C.C. Sierra de Mayorga Boyacá Health Department, CITOXBOY Tunja, Colombia Introduction: Agriculture in Colombia is fundamental in the economy; Boyacá is no exception, therefore the population is exposed to different amounts of substances that can be used for voluntary intoxications. The guidelines were organized in accordance with national standards for monitoring and control of intoxications by chemical substances, necessary for establishing the Center for Research, Information and Consultancy in Clinical Toxicology of BoyacáColombia (CITOXBOY) in partnership with the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (UPTC), to strengthen information and training in medication use, individual and collective poisoning, prevention of acute and chronic poisoning; research and case analysis; education to the general population about handling toxic substances and promoting healthy habits. Objective: To create and implement CITOXBOY, ensuring access to services of clinical toxicology and pharmacology by permanent, timely and comprehensive phone attention to health users of public and private network. Materials and methods: A descriptive case study: implementation and operation of CITOXBOY.
Results: A bibliographic review of the information centers in the area of toxicology in Colombia, in Boyacá there where no centers are found. Since the creating of the project for the creation and operation of the information center in toxicology; which was inaugurated in November 2013, there have been 153 telephone consultancies, 56% by accidental poisoning, 43% voluntarily; 66% of advisory were made for people between 15 and 45 years, 27% of pesticide poisoning and 21% for drug. To date, training on general handling of pesticide poisoning, poisonous animals and phytotherapy to medical and paramedical staff of public and private health institution providers in the department with approximately 500 attendees has been provided. Conclusions: CITOXBOY contributes in the improvement of clinical practices in the initial care of handling acute and chronic poisoning. Financial support: Resources from Boyacá Department and UPTC. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.273 PP6.1 Prevention campaign for poisoning in children in the municipality of Zaragoza Chimaltenango H. Santos, C. Guzmán, M. Hernández Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala Introduction: Poisoning in children can be life-threatening, caused by their curiosity or even by careless parents; therefore this investigation researched on the causative agents of this poisoning at the National Hospital of Chimaltenango. Teaching materials of books “Mikey Learns about Poison Safety” and “Poison prevention” distributed in the United States by the Poison Control Centers was adapted to this country for the prevention of poisoning in children and validated in an establishment of primary education in Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Objective: Design a prevention campaign for poisoning in children with validated material through the Ministry of Education in Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Materials and methods: Resources: Investigators, Teachers, Students and Parents, Information and Advisory Toxicology Center (CIAT), National Hospital and Official Mixed Urban School of Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Review the registry of the National Hospital of Chimaltenango to learn the predominant poisoning in children from 2005 to 2011. Design, adapt, updated prevention materials with technical information. Results: The 2005–2011 records of patients at the Chimaltenango Hospital were reviewed, obtaining a total of 487 cases with percentages according to toxic agent: 36.76% food, 27.10% insects/arachnids, 7.39% pesticides, 5.34% snake, 5.34% fluorine, 4.93% drugs, 3.90% fungi, 2.87% unknown agents and 6.37% other agents. The evaluation of the activities in “Mickey learns about toxic” done by 74 children resulted with an average of 11.45 for the initial evaluation and 15.91 for the final. The “activity Book” evaluated 81 children, obtaining an average of 11.36 for the initial and 14.36 for the final evaluation; both cases had a significant difference (p < 0.00001). During 2005 to 2011, the higher number of poisonings in children of the Chimaltenango Hospital was caused by food, insect/spider bite and pesticides. Materials used for this campaign were validated by teachers and students indicating its effectiveness for teaching-learning pro-
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 259S (2016) S73–S247
cess because of significant difference between the initial and final evaluations. Financial Support: University of San Carlos of Guatemala. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.274 PP6.2 An integrative toxicology in education and research: Summary of systematic investigations E. Neu, M.C. Michailov, T. Senn, D. Martin, E. Gornik, H.W. Bauer, A. Hofstetter Inst. Umweltmedizin c/o ICSD/IAS e.V., München, Germany To create a model for integrative toxicology we summarize recent related to long-term investigations (2016–1970). This includes: A-Philosophy of pharmaco-toxicology (epistemology/ethics, psychophysiology): Scientific & ethical limits of toxicological observations on patients, human relevancy, reduction of animal experiments by application of human surgical-tissue & animal prep. (fish heart, etc). B-Cellular Level: Vascular myocytes (guinea-pig portal vein n = 120): Complex electrical reactions (intracellular-rec) after Caantagonists/nifedipin, anaesthetics/pentobarbital, procain include a change of burst-patterns into spikes-discharges, etc. Detrusor myocytes: After critical stretch (3–80 mN) & toxicants (pyrethroids-PCP) spike activity (63.29 ± 4.96/min) is transformed into burst-plateaus (1.54 ± 1.18/min) via mechanosensitive ion channels (Ca-activated-K). C-Organ & system levels of Cardiovascular System: Fish heart (salmo gairdneri n = 55), also human blood vessels/renal, umbilical, etc as pathophysiological indicator: generation of various motor-patterns by drugs/toxicants (alcohols/methanol– ethanol–butanol 0.0001–0.5%, heavy metals/Cd, Hg, Mn, pyrethroids 10 nM–100 M). Rat blood pressure (n = 65): High complex hormonal pressor-depressor biphasic reactions (acetylcholine/vasopressin/5-HT) after nicotine & 2-mercaptoethylguanidine/MEG indicate toxic influences on CNS/formatio reticularis/hypothalamus, spinal sympathetic neurons (cholinergic-nicotinic) & vascular effector/myocytes, endothel. D-Urogenital System (guinea-pig n = 125): Generation of slow tonic contractions in-vivo (isovolumetric cystotonometry) after critical pressure (>20 mmHg) & in-vitro (stretch >3–5 mN) from vesical trigone (0.28 ± 0.15/min): Pyrethroids (cyper-/deltamethrin), chlorophenols, herbicides (0.1–100 M) inhibited, heavy metals (HgCl2 1 pM–1 M) increased spontaneous phasic pyeloureter contractions. These toxicants had inhibitory effects on neurogenic contractions to electrical stimulation 10/100 Hz/0.3 ms/3 s. Conclusions: An integrative toxicology supporting UNOAgenda21 for better health on global level needs very sensitive indicators, e.g. excitable systems to prevent cardiovascular (e.g. arrhythmia/hypertension) and urogenital (incontinence, overactive bladder & myometrium, etc.) functional disturbances. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.275 PP6.3 An integrative toxicology in context of philosophy and psychology M.C. Michailov, E. Neu, T. Senn, G. Weber Inst. Umweltmedizin c/o ICSD/IAS e.V., München, Germany
S109
Introduction: Presently toxicology is an independent interdisciplinary science. Creation of an integrative toxicology with approaches to moral-philosophy/epistemology/psychologypsychosomatics & pharmaco-chemo-toxicology counteracting enormous health problems of humanity related to medicalizationpharmaceuticalization, etc. is necessary supporting holistic medicine founded by HIPPOCRATES-GALENUS-HUA T’UAAVICENNA-PARACELSUS. This is possible by new toxicological policy. ON PHILOSOPHICAL TOXICOLOGY. An integrative toxicology in the context of philosophy, science of science/KANT should include ethical toxicological codex/obligations & rights of toxicologists-interdisciplinary toxicological education/research acc. to epistemology. ON PSYCHOLOGY IN TOXICOLOGY. During the Opening-Ceremony of World Congr Psychosomatic Medicine (ICPM 2005 Kobe) were presented their majesties Emperor&Empress of Japan, Prime&Ministers for Science-Education-others. Emperor AKIHITO honoured congr by strategical ideas, available for all health sciences, “total symptoms of mind & body, seeking ways of holistic care . . . it is extremely important for patients . . . my hope contributes . . . the progress of medical science and people’s happiness in the entire world”. Future tox education & research need also new psychological fundamentals leading to socialscientific responsibility & higher efficacy by integration of oriental somatopsychic theory & self-regulation (Y.IKEMI) with occidental psychosomatics (Th.von UEXKÜLL). Tox & philos & psychol societies IUTOX-FISP-IUPsyS etc could establish Committees Integrative Toxicology preparing scientific-political proposals about future toxicology. An INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY FOR TOXICOLOGY (IAT), similar to Eur Acad Neurology (EAN) founded 2015 in Berlin, could promote integrative toxicology created by network of institutes (philos-psychol/pharm-tox/ecology, etc.) from selected countries e.g. America/Bolivia-Mexico-USA, Asia, Europe, Afro-Asia/Ethiopia-Israel, etc with common educational/research programmes, personnel/int employees e.g. int professors, etc. to UNESCO-WHO. Conclusions: New kind of education & research in toxicology by philosophical-psychological holistic & multidimensional fundamentals could open new dimension in healthprophylaxis/medicine/ecology in context of UNO-Agenda21 for better health/ecology/economy on global level. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.276 PP6.4 Evaluation of the socio-environmental problem and of health in the school-age children population exposed to agrochemicals B.O. Camarena 1 , B. Ochoa 1 , A.I. Valenzuela 1 , S.A. Sandoval 1 , L. ˜ 2 , M. Meza 3 Yánez 1
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 2 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico 3 Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Mexico Introduction: The presence of agrochemicals in the State of Sonora, Mexico has been shown in various studies in biological and environmental samples. However, little has been studied from a gender perspective, and how does the socio-environmental context affect the problem of health in children born and living in these rural areas. Objective: To assess the health problem associated with agrochemicals in children of school-age (by gender), in relation
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 259S (2016) S73–S247
Cellular and Computational Toxicology (ASCCT) has, since 2010, provided a venue for collaboration by scientists representing regulatory agencies and industries, as well as non-profit, method developer, and contract research organizations, to collaborate in order to facilitate the cooperative development and use of in vitro and in silico methods. Materials and methods: The ASCCT offers traditional and innovative ways for members and others to collaborate and share information, including an annual meeting, an online newsletter, and an e-mail discussion list. The ASCCT’s webinar program provides in-depth presentations by experts in their fields, covering relevant new in vitro or in silico tools, concepts, and policy efforts and simultaneously providing a venue for interested members to share their research with colleagues. While focusing on North American events and activities, the ASCCT also endeavors to collaborate with international societies with similar missions. Finally, the ASCCT offers discounted memberships, travel awards, and annual meeting registration waivers to students in order to encourage the involvement of young scientists in its activities. Conclusions: In five years, the ASCCT has grown to represent the needs and interests of members working in toxicology at regulatory agencies, companies, academic institutions, and nonprofit institutions. The society has formed working relationships and held cooperative sessions with other similarly-focused scientific societies, and broadcast more than twenty educational webinars. It is recent 5th Annual Meeting was held in Research Triangle Park and provided an opportunity for early- and late-career scientists alike to share their research using in vitro and computational methods. As toxicology incorporates more of these as well as systems biology methods and concepts, collaborative interaction, discussion, and education, which forms the foundation of the ASCCT’s mission, will be essential to successful chemical safety assessments and public health protection. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.272 PO6.4 State Center advisory in toxicology and pharmacology experience in Boyacá, Colombia N. Rodríguez Cortés, C.C. Sierra de Mayorga Boyacá Health Department, CITOXBOY Tunja, Colombia Introduction: Agriculture in Colombia is fundamental in the economy; Boyacá is no exception, therefore the population is exposed to different amounts of substances that can be used for voluntary intoxications. The guidelines were organized in accordance with national standards for monitoring and control of intoxications by chemical substances, necessary for establishing the Center for Research, Information and Consultancy in Clinical Toxicology of BoyacáColombia (CITOXBOY) in partnership with the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (UPTC), to strengthen information and training in medication use, individual and collective poisoning, prevention of acute and chronic poisoning; research and case analysis; education to the general population about handling toxic substances and promoting healthy habits. Objective: To create and implement CITOXBOY, ensuring access to services of clinical toxicology and pharmacology by permanent, timely and comprehensive phone attention to health users of public and private network. Materials and methods: A descriptive case study: implementation and operation of CITOXBOY.
Results: A bibliographic review of the information centers in the area of toxicology in Colombia, in Boyacá there where no centers are found. Since the creating of the project for the creation and operation of the information center in toxicology; which was inaugurated in November 2013, there have been 153 telephone consultancies, 56% by accidental poisoning, 43% voluntarily; 66% of advisory were made for people between 15 and 45 years, 27% of pesticide poisoning and 21% for drug. To date, training on general handling of pesticide poisoning, poisonous animals and phytotherapy to medical and paramedical staff of public and private health institution providers in the department with approximately 500 attendees has been provided. Conclusions: CITOXBOY contributes in the improvement of clinical practices in the initial care of handling acute and chronic poisoning. Financial support: Resources from Boyacá Department and UPTC. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.273 PP6.1 Prevention campaign for poisoning in children in the municipality of Zaragoza Chimaltenango H. Santos, C. Guzmán, M. Hernández Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala Introduction: Poisoning in children can be life-threatening, caused by their curiosity or even by careless parents; therefore this investigation researched on the causative agents of this poisoning at the National Hospital of Chimaltenango. Teaching materials of books “Mikey Learns about Poison Safety” and “Poison prevention” distributed in the United States by the Poison Control Centers was adapted to this country for the prevention of poisoning in children and validated in an establishment of primary education in Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Objective: Design a prevention campaign for poisoning in children with validated material through the Ministry of Education in Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Materials and methods: Resources: Investigators, Teachers, Students and Parents, Information and Advisory Toxicology Center (CIAT), National Hospital and Official Mixed Urban School of Zaragoza Chimaltenango. Review the registry of the National Hospital of Chimaltenango to learn the predominant poisoning in children from 2005 to 2011. Design, adapt, updated prevention materials with technical information. Results: The 2005–2011 records of patients at the Chimaltenango Hospital were reviewed, obtaining a total of 487 cases with percentages according to toxic agent: 36.76% food, 27.10% insects/arachnids, 7.39% pesticides, 5.34% snake, 5.34% fluorine, 4.93% drugs, 3.90% fungi, 2.87% unknown agents and 6.37% other agents. The evaluation of the activities in “Mickey learns about toxic” done by 74 children resulted with an average of 11.45 for the initial evaluation and 15.91 for the final. The “activity Book” evaluated 81 children, obtaining an average of 11.36 for the initial and 14.36 for the final evaluation; both cases had a significant difference (p < 0.00001). During 2005 to 2011, the higher number of poisonings in children of the Chimaltenango Hospital was caused by food, insect/spider bite and pesticides. Materials used for this campaign were validated by teachers and students indicating its effectiveness for teaching-learning pro-
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 259S (2016) S73–S247
cess because of significant difference between the initial and final evaluations. Financial Support: University of San Carlos of Guatemala. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.274 PP6.2 An integrative toxicology in education and research: Summary of systematic investigations E. Neu, M.C. Michailov, T. Senn, D. Martin, E. Gornik, H.W. Bauer, A. Hofstetter Inst. Umweltmedizin c/o ICSD/IAS e.V., München, Germany To create a model for integrative toxicology we summarize recent related to long-term investigations (2016–1970). This includes: A-Philosophy of pharmaco-toxicology (epistemology/ethics, psychophysiology): Scientific & ethical limits of toxicological observations on patients, human relevancy, reduction of animal experiments by application of human surgical-tissue & animal prep. (fish heart, etc). B-Cellular Level: Vascular myocytes (guinea-pig portal vein n = 120): Complex electrical reactions (intracellular-rec) after Caantagonists/nifedipin, anaesthetics/pentobarbital, procain include a change of burst-patterns into spikes-discharges, etc. Detrusor myocytes: After critical stretch (3–80 mN) & toxicants (pyrethroids-PCP) spike activity (63.29 ± 4.96/min) is transformed into burst-plateaus (1.54 ± 1.18/min) via mechanosensitive ion channels (Ca-activated-K). C-Organ & system levels of Cardiovascular System: Fish heart (salmo gairdneri n = 55), also human blood vessels/renal, umbilical, etc as pathophysiological indicator: generation of various motor-patterns by drugs/toxicants (alcohols/methanol– ethanol–butanol 0.0001–0.5%, heavy metals/Cd, Hg, Mn, pyrethroids 10 nM–100 M). Rat blood pressure (n = 65): High complex hormonal pressor-depressor biphasic reactions (acetylcholine/vasopressin/5-HT) after nicotine & 2-mercaptoethylguanidine/MEG indicate toxic influences on CNS/formatio reticularis/hypothalamus, spinal sympathetic neurons (cholinergic-nicotinic) & vascular effector/myocytes, endothel. D-Urogenital System (guinea-pig n = 125): Generation of slow tonic contractions in-vivo (isovolumetric cystotonometry) after critical pressure (>20 mmHg) & in-vitro (stretch >3–5 mN) from vesical trigone (0.28 ± 0.15/min): Pyrethroids (cyper-/deltamethrin), chlorophenols, herbicides (0.1–100 M) inhibited, heavy metals (HgCl2 1 pM–1 M) increased spontaneous phasic pyeloureter contractions. These toxicants had inhibitory effects on neurogenic contractions to electrical stimulation 10/100 Hz/0.3 ms/3 s. Conclusions: An integrative toxicology supporting UNOAgenda21 for better health on global level needs very sensitive indicators, e.g. excitable systems to prevent cardiovascular (e.g. arrhythmia/hypertension) and urogenital (incontinence, overactive bladder & myometrium, etc.) functional disturbances. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.275 PP6.3 An integrative toxicology in context of philosophy and psychology M.C. Michailov, E. Neu, T. Senn, G. Weber Inst. Umweltmedizin c/o ICSD/IAS e.V., München, Germany
S109
Introduction: Presently toxicology is an independent interdisciplinary science. Creation of an integrative toxicology with approaches to moral-philosophy/epistemology/psychologypsychosomatics & pharmaco-chemo-toxicology counteracting enormous health problems of humanity related to medicalizationpharmaceuticalization, etc. is necessary supporting holistic medicine founded by HIPPOCRATES-GALENUS-HUA T’UAAVICENNA-PARACELSUS. This is possible by new toxicological policy. ON PHILOSOPHICAL TOXICOLOGY. An integrative toxicology in the context of philosophy, science of science/KANT should include ethical toxicological codex/obligations & rights of toxicologists-interdisciplinary toxicological education/research acc. to epistemology. ON PSYCHOLOGY IN TOXICOLOGY. During the Opening-Ceremony of World Congr Psychosomatic Medicine (ICPM 2005 Kobe) were presented their majesties Emperor&Empress of Japan, Prime&Ministers for Science-Education-others. Emperor AKIHITO honoured congr by strategical ideas, available for all health sciences, “total symptoms of mind & body, seeking ways of holistic care . . . it is extremely important for patients . . . my hope contributes . . . the progress of medical science and people’s happiness in the entire world”. Future tox education & research need also new psychological fundamentals leading to socialscientific responsibility & higher efficacy by integration of oriental somatopsychic theory & self-regulation (Y.IKEMI) with occidental psychosomatics (Th.von UEXKÜLL). Tox & philos & psychol societies IUTOX-FISP-IUPsyS etc could establish Committees Integrative Toxicology preparing scientific-political proposals about future toxicology. An INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY FOR TOXICOLOGY (IAT), similar to Eur Acad Neurology (EAN) founded 2015 in Berlin, could promote integrative toxicology created by network of institutes (philos-psychol/pharm-tox/ecology, etc.) from selected countries e.g. America/Bolivia-Mexico-USA, Asia, Europe, Afro-Asia/Ethiopia-Israel, etc with common educational/research programmes, personnel/int employees e.g. int professors, etc. to UNESCO-WHO. Conclusions: New kind of education & research in toxicology by philosophical-psychological holistic & multidimensional fundamentals could open new dimension in healthprophylaxis/medicine/ecology in context of UNO-Agenda21 for better health/ecology/economy on global level. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.276 PP6.4 Evaluation of the socio-environmental problem and of health in the school-age children population exposed to agrochemicals B.O. Camarena 1 , B. Ochoa 1 , A.I. Valenzuela 1 , S.A. Sandoval 1 , L. ˜ 2 , M. Meza 3 Yánez 1
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico 2 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico 3 Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Mexico Introduction: The presence of agrochemicals in the State of Sonora, Mexico has been shown in various studies in biological and environmental samples. However, little has been studied from a gender perspective, and how does the socio-environmental context affect the problem of health in children born and living in these rural areas. Objective: To assess the health problem associated with agrochemicals in children of school-age (by gender), in relation