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Prevention of boiler scale
14
Phosphor-
Tin, etc.
[Jour. Frank. Inst.,
rately realize, sometimes total adherence, sometimes flexibility ; sacrificing, according to circumstances, one of these conditions to the other. Among those who have tried to realize them both at once, I am led to believe that M. Rarchaert is the one who has best, and even for the first time, practically succeeded.” C.
Phosphor-Tin
and Phosphor-Bronze,-Phosphorus
and tin
combine in the most varied proportions, but if there is more than five per cent. of phosphorus, the alloy is broken up when remelted. The proportion of 95 per cent. tin and 5 per cent. phosphorus is so stable, that it remains unchanged, however often it may be remelted. Its melting point is about 500’ C. It imparts its own stability to the bronze, which is made by the addition of proper proportions of The well-ascertained influences of phosphorus upon bronze copper. are : 1. The removal of all the metallic oxides in the bronze, and the consequent prevention of flaws, greater compactness, and increased solidity. 2. Phosphorus has a hardening influence on copper and tin; hence, copper alloyed with phosphor-tin gives a much harder bronze than with the same quantity of common tin, or one equally hard, with one-half the quantity. 3. The phosphorus makes the bronze more fluid, and the castings sharper. 4. The phosphorus increases the resisting capacity of the bronze, both against atmospheric influences and against acids. The experiments of the English Admiralty have shown that sheathing of phosphor-bronze withstands the action of sea-water nearly three times as long as the best copper sheathing. The Austrian phosphor-tin, with 5 per cent. or 2+ per cent. of phosphorus, may be melted with copper precisely like common tin. Notwithstanding its high price, the bronze which is made from it is only about 8 per cent. dearer than common bronze, while it is 40 per cent. cheaper than the phosphor-bronze which is imported from England and Germany.Wochenachrift c&s Oester. Ingen.- u. Arch&Ver., April 28. C.
Prevention
of Boiler Scale,-Herr
Clouth employs a caout-
chouc lacquer, which prevents the adhesion of the sediment to the walls of the boiler, so that the scale can be easily removed. After the scaling the boiler is left bright and smooth. The lacquer does not injure the iron, for its ingredients are only linseed oil and indiarubber.-Ibid. C.
Phosphor-
Tin, etc.
[Jour. Frank. Inst.,
rately realize, sometimes total adherence, sometimes flexibility ; sacrificing, according to circumstances, one of these conditions to the other. Among those who have tried to realize them both at once, I am led to believe that M. Rarchaert is the one who has best, and even for the first time, practically succeeded.” C.
Phosphor-Tin
and Phosphor-Bronze,-Phosphorus
and tin
combine in the most varied proportions, but if there is more than five per cent. of phosphorus, the alloy is broken up when remelted. The proportion of 95 per cent. tin and 5 per cent. phosphorus is so stable, that it remains unchanged, however often it may be remelted. Its melting point is about 500’ C. It imparts its own stability to the bronze, which is made by the addition of proper proportions of The well-ascertained influences of phosphorus upon bronze copper. are : 1. The removal of all the metallic oxides in the bronze, and the consequent prevention of flaws, greater compactness, and increased solidity. 2. Phosphorus has a hardening influence on copper and tin; hence, copper alloyed with phosphor-tin gives a much harder bronze than with the same quantity of common tin, or one equally hard, with one-half the quantity. 3. The phosphorus makes the bronze more fluid, and the castings sharper. 4. The phosphorus increases the resisting capacity of the bronze, both against atmospheric influences and against acids. The experiments of the English Admiralty have shown that sheathing of phosphor-bronze withstands the action of sea-water nearly three times as long as the best copper sheathing. The Austrian phosphor-tin, with 5 per cent. or 2+ per cent. of phosphorus, may be melted with copper precisely like common tin. Notwithstanding its high price, the bronze which is made from it is only about 8 per cent. dearer than common bronze, while it is 40 per cent. cheaper than the phosphor-bronze which is imported from England and Germany.Wochenachrift c&s Oester. Ingen.- u. Arch&Ver., April 28. C.
Prevention
of Boiler Scale,-Herr
Clouth employs a caout-
chouc lacquer, which prevents the adhesion of the sediment to the walls of the boiler, so that the scale can be easily removed. After the scaling the boiler is left bright and smooth. The lacquer does not injure the iron, for its ingredients are only linseed oil and indiarubber.-Ibid. C.