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Prevention of the failure of metals under repeated stress
Sept.,
Ig@.]
BOOK
REVIEWS.
293
PREVENTION OFTHE FAILURE OF METALS UNDER REPEATED STRESS, A Handbook prepared for the Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department, by the staff 273 pages, illustrations, 16 X 24 ems., of Battelle Memorial Institute. Price $2.75. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1941. There is no doubt of the importance of this subject to the aircraft industry. When consideration is given to the high speeds, the sudden and varied stresses, the multitude of parts, and the contributions of the designers, machine shop superintendents and workmen of the aircraft industry, appreciation is had of The Bureau the magnitude of the subject and the possibilities of fatigue failures. of Aeronautics of the United States Navy Department in rg3g recognized the need of making available the engineering principles involved in the precautions through which fatigue failures might be prevented, and took steps which resulted in the commissioning of the Battelle Memorial Institute to compile the published literature from scattered sources and unpublished information in the files of the Bureau of Aeronautics and the National Bureau of Standards relating to the The result of the compilation and coordination most important available data. of the material is this book. The book relates the story of failures of parts of aircraft due to notches, nicks, keyways, rough oil holes and screw threads, scratches, rough surfaces, It states that because quenching and grinding cracks, tool marks and the like. of conditions of local repeated loading, the part had to fail following natural laws Considerable attention through some slip of the designer, machinist or inspector. is given to welds, riveted joints, surface layers and coatings, corrosion fatigue, peak stresses due to high duty and from harmonic vibration and other factors. Propellers, crank shafts, pistons, nuts, bolts, connecting rods, springs are some of the parts examined. It naturally follows that in a book of this nature photoThis book contains many of them excellently graphs play a very important part. done. Curves, charts, tables and diagrams supplement the text. The book contains some 106 pages of discussion of the various technical features of failures. Then there are twenty-eight appendices, each devoted to a particular subject, the last being a glossary of terms used in discussing mechanical properties of metals. This is followed by an extensive bibliography of references referred to throughout the book, an author index and a comprehensive subject index. Published under the auspices of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, this book fills a great need of supplying data to engineers and mechanics which heretofore has been seldom accessible and too often couched in technical language beyond the understanding of those responsible for Emphasis is placed on the fact that much of the the maintenance of aircraft. information here supplied has been obtained through experience only, which makes it doubly valuable. Everyone who has any responsibility in the maintenance of aircraft should have a copy of this book. R. H. OPPERMANN. AN INTRODUCTIONTOTHETHEORYOF NEWTONI~NATTRACT!ON, byA.S.Ramsey, M.A., 184 pages, illustrations, 14% X 22% ems. Cambridge University Press, London, England, 1940. Price $2.50. Here is a subject useful in connection with dynamical astronomy, which is treated here particularly from the standpoint and for students of college grade in VOL. 232, NO. 1388-12
Ig@.]
BOOK
REVIEWS.
293
PREVENTION OFTHE FAILURE OF METALS UNDER REPEATED STRESS, A Handbook prepared for the Bureau of Aeronautics, Navy Department, by the staff 273 pages, illustrations, 16 X 24 ems., of Battelle Memorial Institute. Price $2.75. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1941. There is no doubt of the importance of this subject to the aircraft industry. When consideration is given to the high speeds, the sudden and varied stresses, the multitude of parts, and the contributions of the designers, machine shop superintendents and workmen of the aircraft industry, appreciation is had of The Bureau the magnitude of the subject and the possibilities of fatigue failures. of Aeronautics of the United States Navy Department in rg3g recognized the need of making available the engineering principles involved in the precautions through which fatigue failures might be prevented, and took steps which resulted in the commissioning of the Battelle Memorial Institute to compile the published literature from scattered sources and unpublished information in the files of the Bureau of Aeronautics and the National Bureau of Standards relating to the The result of the compilation and coordination most important available data. of the material is this book. The book relates the story of failures of parts of aircraft due to notches, nicks, keyways, rough oil holes and screw threads, scratches, rough surfaces, It states that because quenching and grinding cracks, tool marks and the like. of conditions of local repeated loading, the part had to fail following natural laws Considerable attention through some slip of the designer, machinist or inspector. is given to welds, riveted joints, surface layers and coatings, corrosion fatigue, peak stresses due to high duty and from harmonic vibration and other factors. Propellers, crank shafts, pistons, nuts, bolts, connecting rods, springs are some of the parts examined. It naturally follows that in a book of this nature photoThis book contains many of them excellently graphs play a very important part. done. Curves, charts, tables and diagrams supplement the text. The book contains some 106 pages of discussion of the various technical features of failures. Then there are twenty-eight appendices, each devoted to a particular subject, the last being a glossary of terms used in discussing mechanical properties of metals. This is followed by an extensive bibliography of references referred to throughout the book, an author index and a comprehensive subject index. Published under the auspices of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences, this book fills a great need of supplying data to engineers and mechanics which heretofore has been seldom accessible and too often couched in technical language beyond the understanding of those responsible for Emphasis is placed on the fact that much of the the maintenance of aircraft. information here supplied has been obtained through experience only, which makes it doubly valuable. Everyone who has any responsibility in the maintenance of aircraft should have a copy of this book. R. H. OPPERMANN. AN INTRODUCTIONTOTHETHEORYOF NEWTONI~NATTRACT!ON, byA.S.Ramsey, M.A., 184 pages, illustrations, 14% X 22% ems. Cambridge University Press, London, England, 1940. Price $2.50. Here is a subject useful in connection with dynamical astronomy, which is treated here particularly from the standpoint and for students of college grade in VOL. 232, NO. 1388-12