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AEA Technology clarifies brown Scottish water A new water purification plant built by AEA
pathogens such as cryptosporidium, solids and toxic metals.
Although AEA Technology claims that this plant at is "the first of its kind in the world", PCI Membranes, UK, has been involved with colour removal in Scottish water since 1992 with its own Fyne Process. However, PCI's Fyne Process uses tubular nanofiltration membranes whereas AEA reports that its process utilises ceramic membrane technology. AEA claims that the plant, which receives untreated water from Loch na Imriche is easy to maintain, and will deliver up to 60,000 litres of clear water every day to the 80 customers in Armadale. Remote rural communities in the north and west of Scotland have for years suffered from brown, whiskey-coloured water coming from their taps, and European directives now demand that water is not only safe to drink but is also clear. Membrane technology not only removes the colour from the water but also provides a barrier to bacteria and other ! ~i!iiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i
brief
Cuno buys Chemical Engineering Corp. For further information contact: AEATechnology plc, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OXl 1 0RA, UK. Tel: +44 1235 821111; Fax: +44 1235 432916.
Technology will use ceramic membranes to take the brown peaty colour out of tap water . . . . . . . . . in aremoteareaoftheScottish Highlands. The cross-flow filtration plant at Armadale, near Dounreay was commissioned by the North of Scotland Water Authority.
In
Concentrated
.........
RO
pretreatments California-based Professional Water Technologies, Inc. (PWT) has released new super-concentrated versions of its RO pretreatment chemical line that it claims enables 55 gallons of antiscalant or antimicrobiological pretreatment to be concentrated into a single 5-gallon drum.
Cuno Inc., has bought Indiana-based water treatment equipment manufacturer Chemical Engineering Corp. (CEC). It was revealed that CEC had been a supplier for Cuno for the last 10 years and grossed sales of US$ 9 million per annum. Cuno says this acquisition will add water conditioning to Cuno's line of filtration products such as water softeners, iron removal systems and ultraviolet appliances. The pact will also open up markets for Cuno in the well drilling contractors and pump supply wholesalers.
Safety-Kleen, Osmonics form pact
The world's largest recyder of fluids, SafetyKleen Corp. and Osmonics Inc., are joining forces to introduce a technology aimed at PWT claims that the result is a liquid ' minimizing chemical use and waste generation concentrate that weighs only 50 pounds instead through on-site recycling of industrial coolants of 500 pounds and which has a 90% smaller and other fluids. The new system, which uses spatial footprint compared to other liquid Osmonic's patented membrane technology, is pretreatments. Powder-form pretreatments are expected to benefit 400,000 industrial also available which reduce shipping weights by manufacturers and metalworking plants in 96% and shrink the spatial footprint by 95%. North America, according to the companies in a joint statement,
For further information contact: Professional Water Technologies, Inc., 1145 Industrial Ave., Suite I, Escondido, CA 92029, USA. Tel: +1 760 741 7404; Fax: +1 760 741 5645. ii~!!!iiiiiiiiii~i~i!
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PROBLEM SOLVER Membrane Technology's Australian correspondent, Warren Johnson from US Fiher/Memcor Research, takes a brief look at the serious problem of pathogens in drinking water. Here, he suggests a technique which offers one solution to monitoring water quality.
Q.. A :
How can membrane integrity testing be used to help monitor removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from drinking water?
Membrane integrity tests such as pressure decay (PD) and diffusive air flow (DAF) have recently been developed for use on large scale hollow fibre microfiltration systems. These tests enable the operator to detect changes in the integrity of the membrane system that may be caused by membrane failure or leaking seals. However, the tests can provide much more than an indication of a change in integrity. It is possible to use the test results to calculate the log removal capacity of the system for particles greater than the pore size. The approach can be used for municipal water treatment plants to guarantee removal of Cryptosporidiurn and
Q
Giardia without the need to analyse for these in the filtered water. The integrity tests work by applying air, at a pressure below the bubble point, to the inside of tile hollow fibre (lumen). Air leakage through defects in the fibre or leaking seals is measured by monitoring the drop in pressure on the lumen side (for the PD test), or by filling the shell side with liquid and measuring liquid displacement from the shell side by air flow through the leaks (for the DAF test). If defects or leaks are present air flows freely through these points and can be readily detected as an increase in pressure decay or DAE These tests are extremely sensitive measures of membrane integrity and are capable of detecting changes in integrity that are as small as one part in 106 which is well before they cause any measurable change in particle count or turbidity. The tests are independent of feed water quality and easily automated.
In essence both the DAF and PD tests measure air flow through defects at tile test pressure. Based on the relative properties of air and liquid, these results can be converted to an equivalent liquid flow through the same defects under filtration pressures. When combined with the filtrate flow the log removal can be calculated directly for particles greater than the membrane pore size such as Cryptosporidiumand
Giardia. Titus, by conducting one of these simple integrity tests, the water plant operator can confidently predict the log removal capacity of the membrane filter at any point in time, without the need for expensive and time consuming water analysis.
For further information contact: USF Memcor, 1 Memtec Parkway, South Windsor, NSW 2756, Australia. Tel: +61 45 776800; Fax: +61 45 776804.
Membrane Technology No. 97
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[
:
AEA Technology clarifies brown Scottish water A new water purification plant built by AEA
pathogens such as cryptosporidium, solids and toxic metals.
Although AEA Technology claims that this plant at is "the first of its kind in the world", PCI Membranes, UK, has been involved with colour removal in Scottish water since 1992 with its own Fyne Process. However, PCI's Fyne Process uses tubular nanofiltration membranes whereas AEA reports that its process utilises ceramic membrane technology. AEA claims that the plant, which receives untreated water from Loch na Imriche is easy to maintain, and will deliver up to 60,000 litres of clear water every day to the 80 customers in Armadale. Remote rural communities in the north and west of Scotland have for years suffered from brown, whiskey-coloured water coming from their taps, and European directives now demand that water is not only safe to drink but is also clear. Membrane technology not only removes the colour from the water but also provides a barrier to bacteria and other ! ~i!iiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i
brief
Cuno buys Chemical Engineering Corp. For further information contact: AEATechnology plc, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire OXl 1 0RA, UK. Tel: +44 1235 821111; Fax: +44 1235 432916.
Technology will use ceramic membranes to take the brown peaty colour out of tap water . . . . . . . . . in aremoteareaoftheScottish Highlands. The cross-flow filtration plant at Armadale, near Dounreay was commissioned by the North of Scotland Water Authority.
In
Concentrated
.........
RO
pretreatments California-based Professional Water Technologies, Inc. (PWT) has released new super-concentrated versions of its RO pretreatment chemical line that it claims enables 55 gallons of antiscalant or antimicrobiological pretreatment to be concentrated into a single 5-gallon drum.
Cuno Inc., has bought Indiana-based water treatment equipment manufacturer Chemical Engineering Corp. (CEC). It was revealed that CEC had been a supplier for Cuno for the last 10 years and grossed sales of US$ 9 million per annum. Cuno says this acquisition will add water conditioning to Cuno's line of filtration products such as water softeners, iron removal systems and ultraviolet appliances. The pact will also open up markets for Cuno in the well drilling contractors and pump supply wholesalers.
Safety-Kleen, Osmonics form pact
The world's largest recyder of fluids, SafetyKleen Corp. and Osmonics Inc., are joining forces to introduce a technology aimed at PWT claims that the result is a liquid ' minimizing chemical use and waste generation concentrate that weighs only 50 pounds instead through on-site recycling of industrial coolants of 500 pounds and which has a 90% smaller and other fluids. The new system, which uses spatial footprint compared to other liquid Osmonic's patented membrane technology, is pretreatments. Powder-form pretreatments are expected to benefit 400,000 industrial also available which reduce shipping weights by manufacturers and metalworking plants in 96% and shrink the spatial footprint by 95%. North America, according to the companies in a joint statement,
For further information contact: Professional Water Technologies, Inc., 1145 Industrial Ave., Suite I, Escondido, CA 92029, USA. Tel: +1 760 741 7404; Fax: +1 760 741 5645. ii~!!!iiiiiiiiii~i~i!
!
i!i!iiiiiiiiiii!C
i
PROBLEM SOLVER Membrane Technology's Australian correspondent, Warren Johnson from US Fiher/Memcor Research, takes a brief look at the serious problem of pathogens in drinking water. Here, he suggests a technique which offers one solution to monitoring water quality.
Q.. A :
How can membrane integrity testing be used to help monitor removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from drinking water?
Membrane integrity tests such as pressure decay (PD) and diffusive air flow (DAF) have recently been developed for use on large scale hollow fibre microfiltration systems. These tests enable the operator to detect changes in the integrity of the membrane system that may be caused by membrane failure or leaking seals. However, the tests can provide much more than an indication of a change in integrity. It is possible to use the test results to calculate the log removal capacity of the system for particles greater than the pore size. The approach can be used for municipal water treatment plants to guarantee removal of Cryptosporidiurn and
Q
Giardia without the need to analyse for these in the filtered water. The integrity tests work by applying air, at a pressure below the bubble point, to the inside of tile hollow fibre (lumen). Air leakage through defects in the fibre or leaking seals is measured by monitoring the drop in pressure on the lumen side (for the PD test), or by filling the shell side with liquid and measuring liquid displacement from the shell side by air flow through the leaks (for the DAF test). If defects or leaks are present air flows freely through these points and can be readily detected as an increase in pressure decay or DAE These tests are extremely sensitive measures of membrane integrity and are capable of detecting changes in integrity that are as small as one part in 106 which is well before they cause any measurable change in particle count or turbidity. The tests are independent of feed water quality and easily automated.
In essence both the DAF and PD tests measure air flow through defects at tile test pressure. Based on the relative properties of air and liquid, these results can be converted to an equivalent liquid flow through the same defects under filtration pressures. When combined with the filtrate flow the log removal can be calculated directly for particles greater than the membrane pore size such as Cryptosporidiumand
Giardia. Titus, by conducting one of these simple integrity tests, the water plant operator can confidently predict the log removal capacity of the membrane filter at any point in time, without the need for expensive and time consuming water analysis.
For further information contact: USF Memcor, 1 Memtec Parkway, South Windsor, NSW 2756, Australia. Tel: +61 45 776800; Fax: +61 45 776804.
Membrane Technology No. 97